PROFIBUS Details

 PROFIBUS DP Services
 Read Diagnostic
 Upload, Download
 (De)Activate Parameters Master Class 2
Master Class 1
 (De)Activate Slaves
 Set Operation Mode

 Read Diagnostic
 Controls the Field Devices
 Set Station Address
 Parameterization
 Read Configuration
 Configuration
 Read I/O
 Cyclic Data Exchange
 Take Over Control of 1 Slave
 Read Diagnostic
 Parameterization
 Configuration
 Data Exchange
Field Device (Slave)

! Master Class1 and/or Class 2 and/or Slave can be implemented in one Device !

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 Electronic... (continued) GSD

 Each slave/class 1 master device needs an Electronic Device

Data Sheet (= GSD file)
 All features/characteristics/parameters of the device are
defined in this file
 Simple text file (ASCII-format)
 Information out of the data sheet is read by configuration
tools
 File is created by device manufacturer
 On www.profibus.com you’ll find…
 … a GSD editor tool to create data sheets
 … a GSD checker (included in the editor)
 … a GSD library

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 Electronic... (continued) GSD

 File extension identifies language

 “.gsd” as minimum requirement (language should be English)
 Either “.gsd” or all other
 English = “.gse”

 French = “.gsf”

 German = “.gsg”

 Italian = “.gsi”

 Portuguese = “.gsp”

 Spanish = “.gss”

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 Electronic... (continued) - File Structure GSD

 #Profibus_DP

 ;<Prm-Text-Def-List> Text Description For Parameters (O)

 PrmText = ...
 …
 EndPrmText
 ;<Ext-User-Prm-Data-Def-List> Extended Parameter Definition (O)
 ExtUserPrmData = ...
 …
 EndExtUserPrmData
 ;<Unit-Definition-List> General Data (M)
 GSD_Revision = ...
 …
 ;Slave-specification Field Device Related Data (M & O)
 Freeze_Mode_supp = ...
 …
 ;<Module-Definition-List> Module (I/O) Definition (M)
 Module = ...
 …
 EndModule (M) = Mandatory (O) = Optional

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 File Structure... (continued) GSD

Version According to Standard

Vendor/Manufacturer Name

Device Name (Displayed in Config Tool)

 Unique ID Number per Product
 Mandatory for Class 1 & Slave Devices
 Issued by PTO

Services Supported (0=DP; 1=DP&FMS)

Type (0=Slave; 1=Master)

Supported Transmission Rates & Related

Timing Parameters

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 File Structure... (continued) GSD

1=Synchronization of Input Data

Supported

1=Synchronization of Output Data

Supported

1=Transmission Rate Detected by Device

0=Address can NOT be set via PROFIBUS

1=Station Expandable

Length Definitions for Modular Stations

Maximum Number of Diagnostic Data

Reported by the Device

Used by Configuration Tool

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 Data Exchange - SYNC/UNSYNC
 In Normal Mode, When the Outputs Are Received by the Slave
ASIC, They Are Immediately Given to the Slave Firmware for
Writing to the Physical Outputs
Outputs to Slave Physical Outputs
MASTER DATA x DATA x

Normal Mode

 When a SYNC Control Command is Sent, the Last Set of Received

Outputs is Transferred to the Slave Firmware and Then This
Transfer is Blocked
SYNC Physical Outputs
MASTER DATA x

Sync Mode
DATA x

Outputs to Slave Physical Outputs

MASTER DATA y
X DATA x

Sync Mode

 Normal Mode Operation Resumes After an UNSYNC Command

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 Data Exchange - SYNC/UNSYNC
Receive Buffer User’s Buffer
Outputs (x) to Slave 3 Physical Outputs = x
DATA x DATA x
Time Lag Between Data
Outputs (y) to Slave 4 Physical Outputs = y Appearing at Physical
DATA y DATA y
Outputs of Different Slaves
Outputs (z) to Slave 5 Physical Outputs = z
DATA z DATA z

SYNC Broadcast Physical Outputs = DATA Data is Immediately

DATA DATA Transferred to User’s
Buffer & Physical Outputs
Appear “Simultaneously”
Physical Outputs = DATA For All Slaves in Groups
DATA DATA Indicated

Outputs (a) to Slave 3 Physical Outputs = x

DATA x
a
X DATA x
After SYNC, Data Transfer
to User’s Buffer Is
Outputs (a) to Slave 4 Physical Outputs = y
DATA ay
X DATA y
Blocked…Only
Buffered in Receive Buffer
for All Slaves in Groups
Outputs (a) to Slave 5 Physical Outputs = z
DATA az
X DATA z Indicated

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 Data Exchange - SYNC/UNSYNC
Receive Buffer User’s Buffer
SYNC Broadcast 3 Physical Outputs = a
DATA a DATA
DATA ax

Data is Immediately
Transferred to User’s
4 Physical Outputs = a Buffer & Physical Outputs
DATA a DATA ay Appear “Simultaneously”
For All Slaves in Groups
Indicated
5 Physical Outputs = a
DATA a DATA az

Outputs (b) to Slave 3 Physical Outputs = a

DATA b
a
X DATA a Data Transfer to User’s
Buffer Is Blocked…Only
Outputs (b) to Slave 4 Physical Outputs = a Buffered in Receive Buffer
DATA b
DATA a
X DATA a for All Slaves in Groups
Indicated
Outputs (b) to Slave 5 Physical Outputs = a
DATA
DATA b
a
X DATA a

Data is Immediately
UNSYNC Broadcast Physical Outputs = b Transferred to User’s
DATA b DATA a
b
Buffer, Physical Outputs
Appear “Simultaneously”
& Slaves Go Back Into
Physical Outputs = b Normal Mode For All Slaves
DATA b DATA
DATA ab
in Groups Indicated

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 PROFIBUS Demo

C””
YNNC
“SSY
r ee “
u
ttu r
a
FFeea

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 PROFIBUS Message Structure

SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DSAP SSAP DU.. FCS ED

0x68 x x 0x68 x x x 0x3D 0x3E x .. x 0x16

SD: Start Delimiter

LE: Net Data Length (DU) + DA, SA , FC, DSAP, SSAP
LEr: Length repeated
DA: Destination Address (Where the message goes to)
SA: Source Address (Where the message comes from)
FC: Function Code ( FC=Type & Priority of Message)

DSAP: Destination Service Access Point (Communication Port of Receiver)

SSAP: Source Service Access Point (Communication Port of Sender)
FCS: Frame Checking Sequence
ED: End Delimiter

= Included in FCS

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 PROFIBUS Character Format

Start Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Parity Stop
Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit
“0” 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 “1”
LSB MSB

Each character is 11 bits

(Start-, Stop-, (Even) Parity- and 8 Data bits)

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 Communication Ports (Service Access Points)

Is it…? Parameterization
Configuration

Output Data

Diagnostic Request

s #24
d d res
S A
U
FIB
You got PRO
mail...

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 Communication Ports (continued)

au lt 2 1
Def #6 #6
#60 P SAP SAP
SAP SA

You got
mail...
s #24
d d res
S A
U
It is: FIB
PRO
Configuration

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 Communication Ports (continued)
DP Master DP Slave
Function
Dec. Hex Dec. Hex

Data_Exchange - - - -
RD_Inp 62 3E 56 38
RD_Outp 62 3E 57 39
Slave_Diag 62 3E 60 3C
Set_Prm 62 3E 61 3D
Chk_Cfg 62 3E 62 3E
Get_Cfg 62 3E 59 3B
Global_Control 62 3E 58 3A
Set_Slave_Add 62 3E 55 37
-

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 High-Speed Data Exchange - Startup Sequence

Power ON/ Power ON/Reset of Master or Slave

Reset

Download of Parameters into the Field

Parameterization Device (selected during Configuration
by the User)

Download of I/O Configuration into the

I/O Configuration Field Device (selected during
Configuration by the User)

Cyclic Data Exchange (I/O Data)

Data Exchange
and Field Device reports Diagnostics

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 Startup Sequence (continued)

Power ON/ Power ON/Reset of Master or Slave

Reset

Download of Parameters into the Field

Parameterization Device (selected during Configuration
by the User)

Download of I/O Configuration into the

I/O Configuration Field Device (selected during
Configuration by the User)

Cyclic Data Exchange (I/O Data)

Data Exchange
and Field Device reports Diagnostics

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 Startup Sequence - Parameterization
SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DSAP SSAP DU.. FCS ED

0x68 x x 0x68 x x x 0x3D 0x3E x .. x 0x16

Up to 244 Bytes

7 Bytes Device Specific

Mandatory (Optional)

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 Parameterization (continued)
 Parameters are sent once after Power On/Reset
 First 7 bytes are mandatory for every field device
 Mandatory parameterization consists of:
 Response Monitoring Time
 TSDR Time for Master/Slave Timing
 Freeze/Sync Mode
 Lock or Unlock Slave for this Master
 Assignment to Group
 Master Address
 Ident Number

 Slave confirms receipt with short acknowledge

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 Parameterization (continued) - Mandatory

7 0
Octet 1

Reserved
WD_ON (1=Response Monitoring (Watchdog) Activated)
Freeze_Req (1=Support of Freeze Mode Required)
Sync_Req (1=Support of Sync Mode Required)
Unlock (See Table below)
Lock (See Table below)

Lock Unlock Meaning

0 0 Min TSDR and User Parameters are allowed to be overwritten
0 1 DP-Slave is NOT locked for other Masters
1 0 DP-Slave is locked for other Masters; all parameters are accepted
1 1 DP- Slave is NOT locked for other Masters

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 Parameterization - Mandatory (continued)

Octet 2 WD_Fact_1

Octet 3 WD_Fact_2 (Watchdog (s)=10ms * WD_Fact_1 * WD_Fact_2)

Octet 4 TSDR (Time the field device waits before it responds)

Octet 5 PROFIBUS Ident Number (high

byte)
Octet 6 PROFIBUS Ident Number (low byte)

Octet 7 Group_Ident (8 groups; bit x is set -> devices belongs to group x)

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 Parameterization (continued) - Device Related

 Each device can use Octets 8 - 244 for device/

module-related information (e.g. startup
information)
 Takes the place of DIP switches (e.g. set range of
measurement for an analog channel)

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 Parameterization (continued) - Example GSD File

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 Startup Sequence (continued)

Power ON/ Power ON/Reset of Master or Slave

Reset

Download of Parameters into the Field

Parameterization Device (selected during Configuration
by the User)

Download of I/O Configuration into the

I/O Configuration Field Device (selected during
Configuration by the User)

Cyclic Data Exchange (I/O Data)

Data Exchange
and Field Device reports Diagnostics

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 Startup Sequence - Configuration
SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DSAP SSAP DU.. FCS ED

0x68 x x 0x68 x x x 0x3D 0x3E x .. x 0x16

Up to 244 Bytes

Simple and/or Special

Identifier Format

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 Configuration (continued)
 Configuration is sent once after Power On/Reset
 Master sends configurations to Slaves
– any device-specific configuration
– I/O configuration
 Slave confirms receipt with short acknowledge
 acknowledge configuration (Short Acknowledge “E5”h)
 check configuration information for validity

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 Configuration (continued) - Simple Format
Additional Configuration Data (Simple and/or Special Format)

7 0
Identifier 1 (1 Byte per Module for Simple Format)

Data Length for Input and/or Output Data (NOT for Special Format)
0000=1 Byte/Word...
1111=16 Bytes/Words
Data Definition
00=Special Format (see page 28)
01=Input
10=Output
11=Input & Output
Size Data Unit (NOT for Special Format)
0=Byte
1=Word
Data Consistency (NOT for Special Format)
0=Byte/Word
1=Whole Length

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 Configuration (continued) - Example Simple Format

0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
Data Length
1010=11 Words
Data Definition
10=Output

Size Data Unit (NOT for Special Format)

1=Word

Data Consistency (NOT for Special Format)

0=Word

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 Configuration (continued) - Special Format
Header

I/O Data Vendor Additional Config Data

Header Specification Specific Data (Simple or Special Format)
7 0

Length of Vendor Specific Data

0000=No Data
0001-1110=1-15 Bytes
1111=No Data
00=Special Format (FIXED)
Input/Output
00=No I/O
01=One Byte for Input Data Specification follows
10=One Byte for Output Data Specification follows
11=One Byte for Output & 1 Byte for Input Data Specification follows

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 Configuration (continued) - Special Format
Header

I/O Data Vendor Additional Config Data

Header Specification Specific Data (Simple or Special Format)
7 0

Data Length for Input or Output Data

000000=1 Byte/Word...
111111=64 Bytes/Words
Size Data Unit
0=Byte
1=Word
Data Consistency
0=Byte/Word
1=Whole Length

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 Configuration (continued) - Example Special Format

0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 Byte for Input Data Specification & 3 Bytes

Vendor Specific Data follow
1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 36 Bytes of Input Data with Consistency over
whole Length
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
3 Bytes of Vendor Specific Information
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1

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 Configuration (continued) - Example Telegram

1st 2nd 3rd

Module Module Module

= Simple Format

= Special Format

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 Configuration (continued) - Example GSD File

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 Startup Sequence (continued)

Power ON/ Power ON/Reset of Master or Slave

Reset

Download of Parameters into the Field

Parameterization Device (selected during Configuration
by the User)

Download of I/O Configuration into the

I/O Configuration Field Device (selected during
Configuration by the User)

Cyclic Data Exchange (I/O Data)

Data Exchange
and Field Device reports Diagnostics

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 Startup Sequence - Data Exchange Request
SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DU.. FCS ED

0x68 x x 0x68 x x x x .. x 0x16

Up to 244 Bytes

Application Specific
Data

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 Startup Sequence - Data Exchange Response
SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DU.. FCS ED

0x68 x x 0x68 x x 0x08 x .. x 0x16

Up to 244 Bytes

Application Specific
Data

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 Data Exchange (continued) - Example GSD File

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 Startup sequence (continued) - Diagnostic
 When does the master request diagnostic?
 Before sending the parameter download to make sure
the field device is available
 Before entering the data exchange mode to validate
parameters and configuration and make sure the field
device is ready
 During data exchange whenever indicated by the field
device

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 Diagnostic (continued)
Are you there?
Power ON/ (Check whether field device is available)
Reset

Parameters & configuration ok?

(Validation of download)
Parameterization Are you ready for data exchange?

I/O Configuration
What happened?
(Master fetches diagnostic as indicated by
field device)

Data Exchange

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 Diagnostic (continued) - How is it indicated
during the Data Exchange?
SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DU.. FCS ED
0x68 x x 0x68 x x 0x0A x .. x 0x16

Field device raises “red flag” in

Data Exchange response

Up to 244 Bytes

Application Specific
Data

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 Diagnostic (continued) - Request to Field Device

SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DSAP SSAP FCS ED

0x68 x x 0x68 x x x 0x3C 0x3E x 0x16

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 Diagnostic
 (continued) --Response
Startup Sequence from Field Device
Parameterization
SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DSAP SSAP DU.. FCS ED

0x68 x x 0x68 x x x 0x3D 0x3E x .. x 0x16

Up to 244 Bytes

6 Bytes Device Related Identifier Related Channel Related

Mandatory (Optional) (Optional) (Optional)

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 Diagnostic (continued) - Mandatory

7 0
Octet 1

Diag.Station_Non_Exist (Field device doesn’t answer; set by master)

Diag.Station_Not_Ready (Field device not ready for data exchange)
Diag.Cfg_Fault (Error in configuration data)
Diag.Ext_Diag (Field device reports extended diagnostic information)
Diag.Not_Supported (Requested feature not supported by field device)
Diag.Invalid_Slave_Response (Set by master)
Diag.Prm_Fault (Error in parameter data, e.g. Ident Number)
Diag.Master_Lock (Field device controlled by another master; set by master)

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 Diagnostic - Mandatory (continued)

7 0
Octet 2

Diag.Prm_Req (Field device needs to be paramterized)

Diag.Static_Diag (Field device can not provide valid data)
always set to “1”
Diag.WD_ON/OFF (Response monitoring in field device activated/de-activated)
Diag.Freeze_Mode (Field device is operating in FREEZE mode)
Diag.Sync_Mode (Field device is operating in SYNC mode)
Reserved
Diag.Deactivated (Set by master)

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 Diagnostic - Mandatory (continued)

Octet 3
Reserved
Diag.Ext_Overflow (Too much extended diagnostic data)
Octet 4 Diag.Master_Add (Address of controlling master; FFh if none)

Octet 5 PROFIBUS Ident Number (High byte)

Octet 6 PROFIBUS Ident Number (Low byte)

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 Diagnostic (continued) - Optional: Device Related

Up to 62 bytes Device Related information

Meaning is manufacturer specific
Header Should be described in GSD file

Data length
(including header)
00 (Fixed)

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 Diagnostic Device Related (continued) - Example
GSD File

Meaning: Bit 0 of the Device Related

Diagnostic is set to “1” - Field
voltage missing!

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 Diagnostic (continued) - Optional: Identifier Related

Based on modular system

Each module has one identifier
Header No additional description
necessary

Data length
(including header)
01 (Fixed)

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 Diagnostic Identifier Related (continued) - Example

0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 Identifier Related Diagnostic; Length = 4 Bytes

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Identifier 0 & 6 (Module 1 & 7) with Diagnostics

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Identifier 8 (Module 9) with Diagnostics

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Identifier 23 (Module 24) with Diagnostics

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 Diagnostic (continued) - Optional: Channel Related

Octet 1 3 bytes per channel

Identifier number Pre-defined error types

10 (Fixed) Vendor specific types possible
Octet 2
1-short circuit
Channel number 2-under voltage
01 = Input 3-over voltage
10 = Ouput 4-overload
11 = Input/Output 5-over temperature
Octet 3 6-wire break
7-upper limit exceeded
Error type
8-lower limit exceeded
001 = Bit 100 = Byte
9-error
010 = 2 Bit 101 = Word
011 = 4 Bit 110 = 2 Words 10-15 reserved
16-31 manufacturer specific

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 Diagnostic Channel Related (continued) - Example

1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Channel Related Diagnostic; Identifier 4 (Module 5)

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Channel 1 (=Input) with Diagnostic

0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 Bit organized; Wire Break

1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 Channel Related Diagnostic; Identifier 7 (Module 8)

1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Channel 3 (=Output) with Diagnostic

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 Word organized; Manufacturer specific code

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 Data Exchange (continued) - DP Master
 Four main operation modes for a DP Master:
 OFFLINE - No activity
 STOP - Communication to a Master Class 2 possible;
no communication to field devices
 CLEAR - Master communicates with field devices;
output data are set to “0” or output length = 0 in case
of field devices that support “Fail Safe” feature
 OPERATE - Standard operation mode; data exchange
between master and field devices

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 Data Exchange (continued) - DP Master
“Global_Control” Telegram
 Sent as broadcast (= message to all stations)
 Destination address = 127
 Used in CLEAR and OPERATE to inform field devices
of the current operation mode of the Master
 Used to signal change in operation mode from CLEAR
to OPERATE and vice-versa
 Used to select groups of field devices for operation in
SYNC and/or FREEZE mode

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 Data Exchange (continued) - Global Control
SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DSAP SSAP DU.. FCS ED

0x68 x x 0x68 0xFF x x 0x3A 0x3E x .. x 0x16

Command Group Definition

Not used 0 = all field devices addressed

CLEAR Each bit = 1 addresses ONE group
(8 different groups are possible)
UNFREEZE
FREEZE
UNSYNC
SYNC
Not used

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 Data Exchange (continued) - DP Master
AUTOCLEAR
 Feature can be specified during network configuration
 Master automatically switches operation mode from
OPERATE to CLEAR if one or more field devices do
not answer within a defined time frame
 To indicate the mode change, the Master sends a
“Global_Control” telegram with the CLEAR command
 The switch back to OPERATE must be initiated by the
user/application

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