MINNESOTA
MULTIPHASIC
BY:-
Chhavi PERSONALITY
Dimple
Nazia
INVENTORY (MMPI)
Simran
(MA PSYCHOLOGY,
SEM-3)
OVERVIEW
- Developed by Hathaway and McKinley in 1937, it
is a truth or false self-report inventory.
-Goal was to develop an instrument which can be
used as an objective tool for assessing different
psychiatric conditions and their severity.
- Originally had 1100 items cut down to 566.
- Used for diagnostic purposes and as a screening
tool for certain professions like law enforcement
officers.
2
TYPES OF MMPI
TEST
- MMPI-2 : The revised edition of the test was released in 1989 as the MMPI-2. The test received
revision again in 2001 and updates in 2003 and 2009, and it's still in use today as the most frequently
used clinical assessment test.
- MMPI-3 : The latest version of the instrument, MMPI-3, was released in 2020. The test takes 25 to 50
minutes to complete and is available in English, Spanish, and French for Canada formats.
WHAT THE MMPI TEST MEASURES
The MMPI-2 and MMPI-A have 10 clinical scales that are used to indicate different psychological
conditions, though the MMPI-2-RF and the MMPI-A-RF use different scales.
Brief Overview of clinical scales:
1. Hypochondriasis : This scale was designed to assess a neurotic concern over bodily functioning.
The items on this scale concern physical symptoms and well-being. It was originally developed to
identify people displaying the symptoms of hypochondria, or a tendency to believe that one has
an undiagnosed medical condition.
2. Depression : This scale was originally designed to identify depression, characterized by poor
morale, lack of hope in the future, and general dissatisfaction with one's own life situation. Very
high scores may indicate depression, while moderate scores tend to reveal a general
dissatisfaction with one’s life.
4
3. Hysteria : Originally designed to identify those who display hysteria or physical
complaints in stressful situations. Those who are well-educated and of a high social class
tend to score higher on this scale. Women also tend to score higher than men on this
scale.
4. Psychopathic Deviate : Originally developed to identify psychopathic individuals, this
scale measures social deviation, lack of acceptance of authority, and amorality. This scale
can be thought of as a measure of disobedience and antisocial behaviour.
High scorers tend to be more rebellious, while low scorers are more accepting of
authority. Despite the name of this scale, high scorers are usually diagnosed with a
personality disorder rather than a psychotic disorder.
5. Masculinity-Femininity : Originally developed to identify "homosexual tendencies".
Now used to how much or how little a person identifies how rigidly an individual
identifies with stereotypical male and female gender roles.
6. Paranoia : Developed to identify individuals with paranoid symptoms such as
suspiciousness, feelings of persecution , grandiose self-concepts, excessive sensitivity,
and rigid attitudes. Those who score high on this scale tend to have paranoid or psychotic
symptoms.
5
7. Psychasthenia : This diagnostic label is no longer used today and the symptoms described on this
scale are more reflective of anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. This scale was
originally used to measure excessive doubts, compulsions, obsessions, and unreasonable fears.
8. Schizophrenia : Developed to identify individuals with schizophrenia. It reflects a wide variety of
areas including bizarre thought processes and peculiar perceptions, social alienation, poor familial
relationships, difficulties in concentration and impulse control, lack of deep interests, disturbing
questions of self-worth and self-identity, and sexual difficulties.
The scale can also show potential substance abuse, emotional or social alienation, eccentricities, and a
limited interest in other people.
9. Hypomania : To identify characteristics of hypomania such as elevated mood, hallucinations,
delusions of grandeur, accelerated speech and motor activity, irritability, flight of ideas, and brief periods
of depression.
10. Social Introversion : Designed to assess a person’s shyness and tendency to withdraw from social
contacts and responsibilities.
VALIDITY SCALES
Following Validity scales are used in MMPI :
• The L Scale : Lie Scale
• The F Scale : To detect attempts at overreporting
• The K Scale : Defensiveness scale
• The ? Scale : Assess number of items left
unanswered.
MMPI-3
Featuring new English- and Spanish-language norms and updated items and scales, the 335-item MMPI-3
builds on the history and strengths of the MMPI instruments to provide an empirically-validated,
psychometrically up-to-date standard for psychological assessment. The MMPI-3 provides a contemporary
assessment for mental health, medical, forensic, and public safety settings.
Published in 2020.
Consists of 335 truth-false questions.
Administration takes 35-50 minutes.
Minimum reading level required is 5th grade.
Age : 18 years and above
THANK YOU
