ISCL
INFORMATION SECURITY AND CYBER LAWS
Samridhi
Nidhi
MCA 2nd sem
Information system
An information system (IS) is an interconnected set of components used to collect, store,
process and transmit data and digital information. Hardware, software, computer system
connections and information, information system users, and the system’s housing are all part of
an IS. Personal computers, smartphones, databases, and networks are just some examples of
information systems.
Enterprises and corporations use information systems to interact with their suppliers and
customer base, perform their operations, manage their organization, and carry out their marketing
campaigns.
They can be used for a broad variety of purposes, from managing supply chains to interacting
with digital marketplaces. Individuals also rely on ISs to interact with peers and friends through
social networks, carrying out everyday activities such as banking and shopping, or simply
looking for knowledge and information.
ISs are the backbone of data-driven decision-making and are used by individuals and
organizations to communicate, work, and manage information. We extract with information
systems everyday ATM machines of banks, assessing information over internet and selecting
information with touch screen etc.
Types of
Information
System
Types of IS
Executive Support System (ESS)
Decision Support System (DSS)
Management Information System (MIS)
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
Office Automation System (OAS)
Decision, Un STRUCTURE
Knowledge PROCESS
Managerial
ESS Level
Tactical Level
DSS, MIS
Operational
TPS, OAS Level
Information
, Data STRUCTURE
PROCESS
Executive Support System (ESS)
Executive support systems are intended to be used by the
senior managers directly to provide support to non-
programmed decisions in strategic management. The
decisions taken with the help of ESS are non-routine decisions
that effect the entire organization.
ESS use the advanced graphics software to display the critical
information in the form of charts or graphs that help senior
executives to solve a wide range of problems.
To make effective decisions, ESS use summarized internal data
from MIS, DSS and external sources about events like new tax
laws, new competitors, etc.
Executive support systems help to monitor performance, track
activities of competitors, identify opportunities, and forecast trends in
market.
Decision Support System (DSS)
A decision support system (DSS) is a computer program used to
improve a company's decision-making capabilities. It analyzes
large amounts of data and presents an organization with the best
possible options available.
DSS brings together data and knowledge from different areas and
sources to provide users with information beyond the usual
reports and summaries. This is intended to help organizations
make informed decisions.
Decision support systems are used by senior management to
make non-routine decisions. Decision support systems use input
from internal systems (transaction processing systems and
management information systems) and external systems.
The main objective of DSS is to provide solutions to problems that
are unique and change frequently.
Management Information System
Management Information Systems (MIS) are used by tactical managers to monitor the
organization's current performance status.
The output from a transaction processing system is used as input to a management information
system.
MIS is a planned system of collecting, storing, and broadcasting data in the form of information
needed to carry out the functions of management.
Mis is defined as a system which provides information support for decision making in the
organization.
1. Mis is used to handling of voluminous data
2. confirmation of the validity of data
3. complex processing of data and multi dimensional analysis.
4. quick search and retrieval
5. Mass storage
The role of mis in an organisation can be compared to the role of heart in the human body
information is the life blood of the organisation and mis as its heart plays the role of human heart
in individuals. Mis help in strategic planning.
Transaction Processing
System (TPS)
TPS allow efficient and effective operation in business organization
Provide necessary data for tactical and strategic systems.
Provide timely documents and reports Shows ensures accuracy
and integrity of data and information TPS also provide a framework
for analysis.
Transaction processing systems are used to record day to day
business transactions of the organization.
They are used by users at the operational management level.
The goal of TPS is to automate repetitive information processing
activities in different or within the organization to increase speed,
volume of data, accuracy, and to lower cost of processing each
transaction.
TPS Cntd….
Every firm needs to process transactions in order to perform their
daily business operations.
A transaction refers to any event or activity that affects the
organization.
Depending on the organization’s business, transactions may
differ from one organization to another.
To support the processing of business transactions, the
transaction processing systems (TPS) are used in the
organizations at lower level of management.
Office Automation System
(OAS)
An office automation system (OAS) is a collection of communication
technology, computers and persons to perform official tasks.
It executes office transactions and supports official activities at
operational level.
These activities can be divided into clerical and managerial activities.
Clerical activities performed with the help of office automation system
include preparing written communication, typesetting, printing, mailing,
scheduling meetings, calendar keeping.etc.
Managerial activities like office automation system helps in conferencing,
creating reports and messages, and controlling performance
of organization.
Many applications like word processing, e-mail, voice mail are integrated
in office automation system.
An office automation system is a tool that enables data to
move from one system to another on its own without human
intervention and inaccuracies. These tools help organizations
collect, manage, and analyze securely to accomplish everyday
tasks and processes.
