C OM P O S I T I O N
OF T H E
AT M O S P H E R E
LA TIERRA
SCIENCE 7
ATMOSPHERE
• The atmosphere is a mixture of
gases surrounding the Earth.
• It consists mainly of nitrogen and
oxygen, along with small amounts
of other gases.
• The atmosphere provides vital
protection, regulates temperature,
and supports weather and climate
systems.
ATMOSPHERE
• The atmosphere is a
mixture of gases
surrounding the Earth.
• It consists mainly of
nitrogen and oxygen,
along with small
amounts of other
• The atmosphere
gases.
provides vital
protection, regulates
temperature, and
supports weather
and climate systems.
METEOROLOGY
the branch of Earth
Science which deals with
the study of the
atmosphere and its
corresponding weather
patterns.
People who study the
atmosphere are called
COMPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERE
Earth’s atmosphere is
mostly made up of air.
nitrogen (78%)
oxygen (21%)
water vapor, carbon dioxide,
ozone, argon, neon, helium,
hydrogen, dust particles, and
Science with Sir Gerald
Science with Sir Gerald
LAYERS OF
ATMOSPHERE
Temperature gradient is the
changing temperature in the
layers of the atmosphere.
As one increases altitude from
one layer to the other,
temperature changes across the
layers.
LAYERS OF
EARTH'S
Troposphere
ATMOSPHERE
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
TROPOSPHERE
The troposphere is the lowest layer
of Earth's atmosphere, extending
from the Earth's surface up to an
average altitude of about 12
kilometers
It is the layer where weather occurs,
and it is where we live and breathe.
Hot air balloons and airplanes fly
within the troposphere because it
provides the necessary conditions for
safe and efficient air travel.
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STRATOSPHER
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The stratosphere is the layer of
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Earth's atmosphere located above
the troposphere. It extends
Ozone
Layer
roughly from an altitude of about
12 kilometers to 50 kilometers
above the Earth's surface.
The stratosphere is also home to
the ozone layer, which shields the
Earth from harmful UV radiation.
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Most volcanic dust
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accumulates in this layer
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MESOSPHERE
The mesosphere is the third layer of
Earth's atmosphere. It extends
approximately from an altitude of
about 50 kilometers to 85 kilometers
above the Earth's surface.
The mesosphere is characterized by
thin air and low atmospheric
pressure. It is also the layer where
meteors burn up upon entry into the
Earth's atmosphere, creating the
visual phenomenon known as
shooting stars.
THERMOSPHE
RE
The thermosphere is the fourth layer
of Earth's atmosphere. It begins
approximately at an altitude of 85
kilometers and has no clearly
defined upper boundary. The
thermosphere is primarily composed
of individual gas molecules, such as
oxygen and nitrogen, rather than
molecular combinations.
The thermosphere is also where the
auroras, such as the Northern Lights
and Southern Lights, occur.
EXOSPHERE
The exosphere is the outermost layer
of Earth's atmosphere, located above
the thermosphere. It is the
uppermost region of the atmosphere
and gradually transitions into the
vacuum of space.
The exosphere is where satellites and
other human-made objects in Earth's
orbit are found. Satellites are
strategically placed in orbit within
the exosphere to perform their
various functions.
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