Computer Graphics

Modifying the objects

MODIFYING
 ERASE

Command: ERASE
 Options:
 Select objects:
 - Select the objects to delete
 Select objects:
 press Enter to end the command
MOVE

Command: MOVE
 Options:
 Select objects:
 - Select the objects to move
 Specify base point or
displacement: <P1>
 - Specify a point (P1)
 Specify second point of
displacement: <P2>
 - Specify a point (P2)
 ROTATE
 Command: ROTATE Final object
 Options:
 Select objects:
 - Select the objects to rotate
 Specify base point : <P1>
 - Specify the center of rotation (P1)
 Specify rotation angle or Source
P1 object
[Reference]:30
 - Enter angle value (30°)
 Options:
 Reference : - Specifies the
absolute current rotation angle
and desired new rotation angle
 COPY

Command: COPY
 Options: original
copies
 Select objects:

- Select the objects to copy
 <Specify base point or
displacement> /Multiple: <P1>
 - Specify a point (P1)
 Second point or displacement:
<P2> - Specify a point (P2)
 Options:
 Multiple: - Makes multiple copies
MIRROR

Command: MIRROR original Р1
 Options:
 Select objects: result
 - Select the objects to reflect
 First point of mirror line: <P1>
 - Specify a point (P1)
 Second point of mirror line:
<P2> - Specify a point (P2) Р2
 Delete old objects? <N>
 - Enter Y or press ENTER
 ARRAY Rectangular
 Command: ARRAY
 Select objects: - Select source object Source object
 Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar]
<R>:R
 - Enter R or pres ENTER for rectangular

array
 Number of rows (---) <1>: 4
 Enter value (4)

 Number of columns (|||) <1>: 3

 - Enter value (3)

 Unit cell or distance between rows(---):<D1>

 - Enter distance (D1)

 Distance between columns (|||): <D2>

 - Enter distance (D2)
 ARRAY Polar
Source
 Command: ARRAY

Select objects: - Select source object
 Enter the type of array [Rectangular/
Polar] <R>: P
 - Enter P for rectangular array
 Center point of array: <P1>
 Specify a point (P1)
 Number of items: 5
 - Enter value (5)
(P1)
 Angle to fill (+=CCW,-=CW) <360>: Center point

 - Enter value or press ENTER to fill the full

circle(360 ) : (+ ; - )
ARRAY Polar
 Rotate objects as they are copied?
[Yes/No]<Y>:
 Enter [Yes/No] or press ENTER
Original

Yes No
SCALE

Command: SCALE
 Select objects: Select the objects to Result
enlarge or reduce
 Specify base point: <P1> ORIGINAL

 - Specify a point (P1) – base point

doesn’t change its location when
object is scaled P1 - Base point
 Scale factor or [Reference]: 2
 - Enter value (2)

Options: Reference: - Scales the
selected objects based on a reference
length and a specified new length
FILLET
 Command: FILLET
 Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 32
 Rounds and fillets the edges of objects
 Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim]:
 - Selects the first of two objects
 Select second object:

- Selects the second of two objects
 Ключи:
 Polyline: - Fillets polyline verticies.
 Radius: - Defines the radius of the fillet arc
 Trim: /NoTrim – Controls Trim or No trim Radius
mode
 CHAMFER
 Command: CHAMFER
 Current settings:
 (TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist 1 = 10.00, Dist2 = 10.00
 TRIM mode is ON, chamfer 10x10.
 Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]:
 - Select first line or enter an option
 Options:
 Polyline: - Chamfers an entire 2D polyline.
 Distance: - Sets the distances of the chamfer.
 Angle: - Sets the distance and angle of the chamfer.
 Method: - Chose Distance/Angle method.
 Trim: /NoTrim - ON/OFF Trim mode.
 CHAMFER, DISTANCE
 Command: CHAMFER Source
 Current settings: objects

 (TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist 1 = 10.00,

Dist2 = 10.00
 TRIM mode is ON, chamfer 10x10. Current
 Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/ chamfer
parameters
Trim/Method]: D
 - Sets the distance of the chamfer
 Specify first chamfer distance <10.00>: 12 2
 Specify second chamfer distance <12.00>: 20 New
chamfer
parameters
1
 CHAMFER, ANGLE
 Command: CHAMFER Current
chamfer
 (TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist 1 = 12.00, parameters
Dist2 = 20.00
 TRIM mode is ON, chamfer 12x20.
 Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/
Trim/Method]: A New
 - Angle option chamfer
parameters
 Specify chamfer length on the first line
1
<20>:15

- Sets the chamfer distances for the first line
 Specify chamfer angle from the first line
<0>:30
 - Sets the chamfer angle for the second line
 TRIM
 Command: TRIM
 Trims objects at a cutting edge defined
by other objects
 Select cutting edges ...
 Select objects: <P1>
 Select objects as cutting edges
 Select objects:  (press ENTER)
 Select object to trim or [Project/Edge/
Undo]: <P2>
 Select trimming objects
 Project:- trim mode selection.
 Edge: - trim mode in 3D space.
 Undo: -undoes last changing
 EXTEND
 Command: EXTEND Boundary
edge Result
 Select boundary edges ...
 Select objects: <P1>
 Select objects which will serve as boundary
edges for extending objects
 Select objects:  (press ENTER)
 Select object to extend or [Project/
Edge/Undo]: <P2>
 Select an object to extend Source object
 Options:
 Project: extend mode selection.
 Edge: extend mode in 3D space
 Undo: undoes last changing.
 STRETCH

Command: STRETCH
Object
 Moves or stretches objects
 Select objects to stretch by
crossing-window or crossing-
polygon...
 Select objects: <C1> - <C2>
 Select objects by crossing-window or
crossing-polygon ONLY
 Base point or displacement: Result

<P1> - source point

 Second point of displacement:
<P2> - destination point
BREAK
 Command: BREAK
 Breaks the selected object between two
points
 Select object: <P1>
 Specify second break point or [First
point]: <P2>
 First break point is specified by the point
where object was selected (P1)
 Options:
 First point: - use this option if it’s necessary
to specify first break point apart from
previously specified
 EQUIDISTANT LINE

Command: OFFSET
 Creates an object at a specified
distance from an existing object
 Specify offset distance or
[Through] <Through>: 10 
 Select object to offset or <exit>:
 Specify point on side to offset:<P1>
 Sets offset direction
 Options:

Through: Creates equidistant object
which passes through a specified
point <P1>.
ALIGNMENT
 Command: ALIGN
 Moves, rotates or scales objects according to the
selected source and destination points
 Select objects:
 Specify first source point:<P1>
 Specify first destination point:<P2>
 One pair of points is defined
 Specify second source point:<P3>
 Specify second destination point:<P4>
 Two pairs of points are defined
 Specify third source point or <continue>: 
 Three pairs are needed for 3D-space only
 Scale objects based on alignment points?
[Yes/No] <N>: Y
 The first set of source and destination points defines the
base point for the alignment (P1, P2). The second set of
points defines the angle of rotation (P3, P4).
GRIPS
RESULT
move

GRIP POINT

 Special object points have grips

POLYLINE EDITING

Command: PEDIT
 Options:

Close/Open – Closes/Opens polyline segment.
 Join – Adds new object as a segment to a polyline.
 Width – Sets polyline width.
 Edit vertex – Switches to vertex editing mode.
 Fit – Smooth polyline by circular arcs.
 Spline – Smooth polyline using B-splines.
 Decurve - Straightens all segments of the polyline.
 Ltype – Generates the linetype of the polyline.
 Undo - Reverses PEDIT operations.
POLYLINE EDITING
 Command: PEDIT ОБЪЕКТ
 Select polyline:
 Enter an option [Close/Join/
Width/Editvertex/Fit/Spline/D
ecurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: F FIT
 Smooth polyline by circular arc

segments
 Enter an option [Close/Join/ SPLINE
Width/Editvertex/Fit/Spline/D
ecurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: S
 Creates B-spline using polyline

vertecies as a frame DECURVE

 Enter an option [………]: D
 Decurves polyline

 SPLINETYPE 5-Quadratic, 6-
Cubic
VERTEX EDITING MODE
 Enter a vertex editing option
[Next/Previous/Break/Insert/Move/Regen/Straighten/
Tangent/Width/eXit] <N>:
 Next/Previous – Select Next/Previous vertex
 Break – Breaks polyline in one point or between two points.
 Insert – Inserts polyline vertex.
 Move – Moves polyline vertex to a new location.
 Regen – Regenerates polyline.
 Straighten – Delete intermediate vertex between two given.
 Tangent – Sets tangent direction in the vertex.
 Width – Sets start and end width for polyline segment.
 eXit – switches to polyline editing mode.
VERTEX EDITING MODE MOVE
 Enter a vertex editing PREVIOUS LOCATION
option
 [Next/Previous/Break/
Insert/Move/Regen/
Straighten/
Tangent/Width/eXit] <N>:
M
 Moves polyline vertex to a

new location.
NEW LOCATION
 Specify new location for
marked vertex:
 New location of the polyline

vertex.