IPv6 Basics

age 2 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Forewor
d

In the 1980s, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) released RFC 791 –
Internet Protocol, which marks the standardization of IPv4. In the following
decades, IPv4 has become one of the most popular protocols. Numerous
people have developed various applications based on IPv4 and made various
supplements and enhancements to IPv4, enabling the Internet to flourish.

However, with the expansion of the Internet and the development of new
technologies such as 5G and Internet of Things (IoT), IPv4 faces more and
more challenges. It is imperative to replace IPv4 with IPv6.

This course describes the reasons for IPv4-to-IPv6 transition and basic IPv6
knowledge.

age 3 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Objective
s

On completion of this course, you will be able to:
▫ Summarize the advantages of IPv6 over IPv4.

▫ Describe the basic concepts of IPv6.

▫ Describe the formats and functions of IPv6 packet headers.

▫ Describe the IPv6 address format and address types.

▫ Describe the method and basic procedure for configuring IPv6 addresses.

▫ Configure IPv6 addresses and IPv6 static routes.

age 4 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Content
s
1. IPv6 Overview
2. IPv6 Address Configuration
3. Typical IPv6 Configuration Examples

age 5 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv4 Status

On February 3, 2011, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) announced even
allocation of its last 4.68 million IPv4 addresses to five Regional Internet Registries (RIRs)
around the world. The IANA thereafter had no available IPv4 address.

APNIC: announced IPv4 LACNIC: announced IPv4 AFRINIC: announced IPv4

address exhaustion address exhaustion address exhaustion

2011.4 2012.9 2014.6 2015.9 2019.11.25 Future

?
RIPE: announced IPv4 ARIN: announced IPv4
IPv6
address exhaustion address exhaustion

age 6 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Why IPv6?
IPv4 IPv6

Exhausted public IP addresses Nearly infinite address space

Improper packet header design Hierarchical address allocation

Large routing table, leading to

inefficient table query vs Plug-and-play

Simplified packet header

Dependency on ARP causes . IPv6 security features
broadcast storms
Integrity of E2E communication
... Support for mobility
Enhanced QoS features
...

age 7 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6 Advantages
Nearly infinite The 128-bit address length provides numerous addresses, meeting the requirements of emerging
address space services such as the IoT and facilitating service evolution and expansion.

Hierarchical IPv6 addresses are allocated more properly than IPv4 addresses, facilitating route aggregation
address structure (reducing the size of IPv6 routing tables) and fast route query.

Plug-and-play IPv6 supports stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC), simplifying terminal access.

The simplified packet header improves forwarding efficiency. New applications can be supported using
Simplified packet
extension headers, which facilitate the forwarding processing of network devices and reduce
header investment costs.

IPsec, source address authentication, and other security features ensure E2E security, preventing NAT
Security features from damaging the integrity of E2E communication.

Mobility Greatly improves real-time communication and performance of mobile networks.

Enhanced QoS A Flow Label field is additionally defined and can be used to allocate a specific resource for a special
features service and data flow.

age 8 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Basic IPv6 Header

An IPv6 header consists of a mandatory basic IPv6 header and optional extension headers.

The basic header provides basic information for packet forwarding and is parsed by all
devices on a forwarding path.
IPv4 packet header (20–60 Basic IPv6 header (40
bytes) bytes)
Versio Versio Traffic
IHL ToS Total Length Flow Label
n n Class
Fragment Next
Identification Flags Payload Length Hop Limit
Offset Header
TTL Protocol Head Checksum
Source Address
Source Address
Destination Address
Destination Address
Options Padding
Name/
Deleted Reserved Location New
changed
age 10 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6 Extension Header
Traffic • Extension Header Length: 8 bits long.
Version Flow Label
Class This field indicates the extension header
length excluding the length of the Next
Next 40 Header field.
Payload Length Hop Limit
Header bytes • Extension Header Data: variable length.
This field indicates the payload of the
Source Address (128 bits) extension headers and is a combination of
Destination Address (128 bits) a series of options and padding fields.
Basic IPv6 Header
Next Header Extension Header Length Next Header=0 (Hop-by-Hop Options
Variable Header)
length
Extension Header Data IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header
Next Header=51 (Authentication Header)
Next Header Extension Header Length IPv6 Authentication Header
Variable
length Next Header=6 (TCP)
Extension Header Data
TCP Data Segment
... IPv6 packet
Data example

age 11 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6 Packet Processing Mechanism
Basic IPv6 Header Basic IPv6 Header Basic IPv6 Header
Next Header=0 (Hop-by-Hop Next Header=0 (Hop-by-Hop Next Header=0 (Hop-by-Hop
Options Header) Options Header) Options Header)
IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header
Next Header=51 (Authentication Next Header=51 (Authentication Next Header=51 (Authentication
Header) Header) Header)
IPv6 Authentication Header IPv6 Authentication Header IPv6 Authentication Header
Next Header=6 (TCP) Next Header=6 (TCP) Next Header=6 (TCP)

TCP Data Segment TCP Data Segment TCP Data Segment

Process the basic header and

Constructs an IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options
Processes all
packet as header.
packet headers.
required.

Source router Intermediate router Intermediate router Destination router

• The length of the basic packet header is fixed,
improving the forwarding efficiency.
• The extension headers meet special
requirements.

age 13 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6 Address

The length of an IPv6 address is 128 bits. Colons are generally used to divide the IPv6 address
into eight segments. Each segment contains 16 bits and is expressed in hexadecimal
notation.
16 bits 16 bits 16 bits 16 bits 16 bits 16 bits 16 bits 16 bits

2001 : 0DB8 : 0000 : 0000 : 0008 : 0800 : 200C : 417A

The letters in an IPv6 address are case insensitive. For example, A is
equivalent to a.

• Similar to an IPv4 address, an IPv6 address is expressed in the format of IPv6 address/mask
length.
▫ Example: 2001:0DB8:2345:CD30:1230:4567:89AB:CDEF/64
IPv6 address:
2001:0DB8:2345:CD30:1230:4567:89AB:CDEF

Subnet number: 2001:0DB8:2345:CD30::/64

age 14 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6 Address Abbreviation
Specifications

For convenience, IPv6 can be abbreviated according to the following rules.
Abbreviation Specifications Abbreviation Examples

2001 : 0DB8 : 0000 : 0000 : 0008 : 0800 : 200C : 417A Before

The leading 0s in each 16-bit segment can be omitted. 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
However, if all bits in a 16-bit segment are 0s, at least one 0 After ::1
must be reserved. The tailing 0s cannot be omitted.

Before
2001 : DB8 : 0 : 0 : 8 : 800 : 200C : 417A
2001:0DB8:0000:0000:FB00:1400:5000:45FF
If one or more consecutive 16-bit segments contain only 0s, a
double colon (::) can be used to represent them, but only one :: After 2001:DB8::FB00:1400:5000:45FF
is allowed in an entire IPv6 address.
Before
2001 : DB8 :: 8 : 800 : 200C : 417A 2001:0DB8:0000:0000:0000:2A2A:0000:0001

If an abbreviated IPv6 address contains two double colons (::), After 2001:DB8::2A2A:0:1
the IPv6 address cannot be restored to the original one.
Before
2001:0DB8:0000:1234:FB00:0000:5000:45FF
age 15 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. After 2001:DB8::1234:FB00:0:5000:45FF
 IPv6 Address Classification

IPv6 addresses are classified into unicast, multicast, and anycast addresses
No broadcast
according to the IPv6 address prefix. addresses are defined
IPv6 in IPv6.
addresses

Multicast Unicast Anycast

addresses addresses addresses

Global Unique local Link-local Special IPv6 Other unicast

unicast address address address addresses...
address (ULA) (LLA)
2000::/
(GUA) FD00::/ FE80::/1
3 8 0

age 16 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6
IPv6 Unicast IPv6 Anycast
Multicast
Address Address
Address

IPv6 Unicast Address Format


An IPv6 unicast address is composed of two parts:
▫ Network prefix: consists of n bits and is parallel to the network ID of an IPv4
address.
▫ Interface ID: consists of (128 – n) bits and is parallel to the host ID of an IPv4
address.

Common IPv6 unicast addresses, such as GUAs and LLAs, require that the
n bits 128 – n bits
network prefix and interface ID be 64 bits.
Network prefix Interface ID

age 17 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6
IPv6 Unicast IPv6 Anycast
Multicast
Address Address

Interface ID of an IPv6 Unicast

Address

Address

3 methods to generate an interface ID:
▫ Manual configuration

▫ Automatic generation by the system

▫ Using the IEEE 64-bit extended unique identifier (EUI-64) standard


EUI-64 is most commonly used. It converts the MAC address of an interface into an IPv6
interface ID.
MAC address (hexadecimal) 3C-52-82-49-7E-9D
MAC address (binary) 00111100-10010010-10000010 - 01001001-01111110-
10011101
1 Bit 7 2 Insert FFFE
EUI-64 inversion
ID 00111110-10010010-10000010-11111111-11111110-01001001-
(binary)
01111110-10011101
EUI-64 ID (hexadecimal) 3E-52-82-FF-FE-49-7E-9D

age 18 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6
IPv6 Unicast IPv6 Anycast
Multicast
Address Address
Address

Common IPv6 Unicast Address - GUA


A GUA is also called an aggregatable GUA. This type of address is globally unique and is used
by hosts that need to access the Internet. It is equivalent to a public IPv4 address.

3 45 16 64 IPv6
bits bits
Global bits
Subne
bits Intern
001 routing Interface ID et
t ID
prefix
Network Host
address address

• The network address and interface ID of a GUA

are each generally 64 bits long.
• Global routing prefix: is assigned by a provider to
an organization and is generally at least 45 bits.
• Subnet ID: An organization can divide subnets
based on network requirements.
2001:1::1/ 2001:2::1/
• Interface ID: identifies a device's interface. 64 64

age 19 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6
IPv6 Unicast IPv6 Anycast
Multicast
Address Address
Address

Common IPv6 Unicast Address - ULA


A ULA is a private IPv6 address that can be used only on an intranet. This type of address
cannot be routed on an IPv6 public network and therefore cannot be used to directly access a
public network.
8 16 64
IPv6
40
bits
1111 bits
Global bits
Subne bits Intern
Interface ID
1101 ID t ID et
Generated using a
pseudo-random algorithm

• ULAs use the FC00::/7 address segment, among

which, only the FD00::/8 address segment is
currently used. FC00::/8 is reserved for future
expansion.
• Although a ULA is valid only in a limited range, it
also has a globally unique prefix (generated
FD00:1AC0:872E::1/
using a pseudo-random algorithm, low conflict FD00:1AC0:872E::2/ FD00:2BE1:2320::1
64 64 /64
probability).
age 20 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6
IPv6 Unicast IPv6 Anycast
Multicast
Address Address
Address

Common IPv6 Unicast Address - LLA


An LLA is another type of IPv6 address with limited application scope. The valid range of the
LLA is the local link, with the prefix of FE80::/10.

IPv6
10 54 64 Intern
bit1110
1111 bit bit et
0 Interface ID
10
Fixed at 0

• An LLA is used for communication on a single link, such

as during IPv6 SLAAC and IPv6 neighbor discovery.

• Data packets with the source or destination IPv6 address

being an LLA are not forwarded out of the originating
link. In other words, the valid scope of an LLA is the local
link.
FE80:: FE80:: FE80:: FE80::
• Each IPv6 interface must have an LLA. Huawei devices
1 2 3 4
support automatic generation and manual configuration
age 21 of LLAs.
Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6
IPv6 Unicast IPv6 Anycast
Multicast
Address Address
Address

IPv6 Multicast Address


An IPv6 multicast address identifies multiple interfaces and is generally used in one-to-many
communication scenarios.

An IPv6 multicast address can be used only as the destination address of IPv6 packets.
Multicast
8 4 4 80 32 Multica source
bits bits bits bits bits st
1111111 Flag Scop Reserved (must be 0) Group ID Networ
1 s e
k

• Flags: indicates a permanent or transient multicast

group.
• Scope: indicates the multicast group scope.
• Group ID: indicates a multicast group ID.

Non-receiver Non-receiver Non- ReceiverReceiver

receiver
age 22 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6
IPv6 Unicast IPv6 Anycast
Multicast
Address Address
Address

Solicited-Node Multicast Address


If a node has an IPv6 unicast or anycast address, a solicited-node multicast address is
generated for the address, and the node joins the corresponding multicast group. This
address is used for neighbor discovery and duplicate address detection (DAD). A
solicited-node multicast address is valid only on the local link.

64 64
bits bits
IPv6 unicast
or IPv6 Address Prefix Interface ID
anycast 24
address bits
copie
d
Corresponding FF02 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 FF
solicited-node
multicast 104 bits (fixed 24
address prefix) bits

age 23 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6 IPv6
IPv6 Unicast
Multicast Anycast
Address
Address Address

IPv6 Anycast Address


An anycast address identifies a group of network interfaces, which usually belong to different
nodes. An anycast address can be used as the source or destination address of IPv6 packets.

Shortest path for PC1 to access the web server

PC1 Web server 1

PC1 and PC2

need to access Use the same
web services IPv6 address
provided by Internet 2001:0DB8::84C
2001:0DB8::84C 2.
2.

PC2 Web server 2

Shortest path for PC2 to access the web server

age 24 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Content
s
1. IPv6 Overview
2. IPv6 Address Configuration
3. Typical IPv6 Configuration Examples

age 25 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 IPv6 Addresses of Hosts and Routers

The unicast IPv6 addresses and multicast addresses of hosts and routers are typically as
follows:
Network

LLA of the network adapter FE80::2E0:FCFF:FE35:7287 LLA of the network adapter FE80::2E0:FCFF:FE99:1285
GUA assigned by an
GUA assigned by an 2001::2
2001::1 administrator
administrator
Loopback address ::1
Loopback address ::1
Multicast addresses of all
FF01::1 and FF02::1
Multicast addresses of all nodes
FF01::1 and FF02::1
nodes Multicast addresses of all
FF01::2 and FF02::2
Solicited-node multicast routers
address corresponding to FF02::1:FF35:7287 Solicited-node multicast
each unicast address of the FF02::1:FF00:1 address corresponding to FF02::1:FF99:1285
network adapter each unicast address of the FF02::1:FF00:2
network adapter

age 26 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Service Process of IPv6 Unicast
Addresses

Before sending IPv6 packets, an interface undergoes address configuration, DAD, and address
resolution. During this process, the Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) plays an important
Similar to ARP requests in IPv4,
role.
GUAs and LLAs are the most ICMPv6 messages are used to
common IPv6 unicast addresses DAD is similar to gratuitous ARP in IPv4 and generate the mappings between
on an interface. Multiple IPv6 is used to detect address conflicts. IPv6 addresses and data link layer
addresses can be configured on addresses (usually MAC
one interface. addresses).

IPv6
Address Address data
DAD
configuration resolution forwarding

GUA LLA

Manual Manual
configuration configuration

Generated by the
SLAAC (NDP)
system
Stateful address Dynamically generated
autoconfiguration (DHCPv6) using EUI-64

age 27 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 NDP

NDP is defined in RFC 2461, which was replaced by RFC 4861.

NDP uses ICMPv6 messages to implement its functions.
ICMPv6 messages used by
Prefix NDP
SLAAC ICMPv6 Type Message Name
advertiseme 133 Router Solicitation (RS)
nt
NDP DAD 134 Router Advertisement (RA)
135 Neighbor Solicitation (NS)
Address
resolution Neighbor Advertisement
136
(NA)

Mechanism RS 133 RA 134 NS 135 NA 136

Address
√ √
resolution
Prefix
√ √
advertisement
DAD √ √

age 28 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Dynamic Address Address
DAD
Configuration Resolution

Dynamic IPv6 Address Configuration

PC (DHCPv6 Stateful address DHCPv6
client) configuration server

DHCPv6 interaction
• Through DHCPv6 message exchange, the DHCPv6 server automatically configures IPv6 addresses/prefixes
and other network configuration parameters (such as DNS, NIS, and SNTP server addresses).

P Stateless address Rout

C configuration er
2000::2E0:FCFF:FE35:7287/64 2000::1/64

ICMPv6 RA
(My interface address prefix is 2000::/64.)
• The PC generates a unicast address based on the address prefix in the RA and the locally generated 64-bit
interface ID (for example, using EUI-64).
• Only IPv6 addresses can be obtained. Parameters such as NIS and SNTP server parameters cannot be
obtained. DHCPv6 or manual configuration is required to obtain other configuration information.

age 29 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Dynamic Address Address
DAD
Configuration Resolution

DAD

Regardless of how an IPv6 unicast address is configured, a host or router:
▫ Performs DAD through ICMPv6 messages.

▫ Uses a unicast address only after passing the DAD procedure.

2001::FFFF/64 2001::FFFF/64
5489-98C8- 5489-9850-
1111 2222
ICMPv6 NS ICMPv6 NA
P R
1 2
C Source 5489-98C8-1111 Source 5489-9850-2222 1
New online Destination 3333-FF00- Destination 3333-0000- Already online
device FFFF 0001 device
Source ::
Source 2001::FFFF
Destination
Destination FF02::1
FF02::1:FF00:FFFF
ICMPv6 (Type135) NS ICMPv6 (Type136) NA

Target: 2001::FFFF
Target: 2001::FFFF
MAC 5489-9850-2222

3 [DUPLICAT
E]
age 31 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Dynamic Address Address
DAD
Configuration Resolution

Address Resolution

IPv6 uses ICMPv6 NS and NA messages to replace the address resolution function of ARP in
IPv4. 2001::1/64 2001::2/64
5489-98C8- 5489-9850-
1111 2222
Requests the MAC address
corresponding to 2001::2/64.
P 1 2 R
Responds
C 1
Source 5489-98C8-1111 Source 5489-9850-2222
Destination 3333-FF00- Destination 5489-98C8-
0002 1111
Source 2001::1 Source 2001::2
Destination FF02::1:FF00:2 Destination 2001::1
The destination
address is the
ICMPv6 (Type135) NS ICMPv6 (Type136) NA
solicited-node
multicast address
corresponding to ICMPv6 DATA ICMPv6 DATA
2001::2. Source MAC Target MAC
5489-98C8-1111 5489-9850-2222

Bidirectionally generates MAC address

entries of IPv6 neighbors.

age 32 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Content
s
1. IPv6 Overview
2. IPv6 Address Configuration
3. Typical IPv6 Configuration Examples

age 33 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Basic IPv6 Configurations (1)
1. Enable IPv6.

[Huawei] ipv6
Enable the device to send and receive IPv6 unicast packets, including local IPv6 packets.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ipv6 enable
Enable IPv6 on the interface in the interface view.
2. Configure an LLA for the interface.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ipv6 address ipv6-address link-local
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ipv6 address auto link-local

Configure an LLA for the interface manually or automatically in the interface view.
3. Configure a GUA for the interface.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ipv6 address { ipv6-address prefix-length | ipv6-address/prefix-
length }
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ipv6 address auto { global | dhcp }

Configure a GUA for the interface manually or automatically (stateful or stateless) in the interface
view.
age 34 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Basic IPv6 Configurations (2)
4. Configure an IPv6 static route.

[Huawei] ipv6 route-static dest-ipv6-address prefix-length { interface-type interface-number

[ nexthop-ipv6-address ] | nexthop-ipv6-address } [ preference preference ]

5. Display IPv6 information on an interface.

[Huawei] display ipv6 interface [ interface-type interface-number | brief ]

6. Display neighbor entry information.

[Huawei] display ipv6 neighbors

7. Enable an interface to send RA messages.

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] undo ipv6 nd ra halt

By default, a Huawei router's interfaces do not send ICMPv6 RA messages. In this situation, other
devices on the links connected to the interfaces cannot perform SLAAC.
To perform SLAAC, you need to manually enable the function of sending RA messages.
age 35 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Example: Configuring a Small IPv6
Network (1)
R3 1. Enable IPv6 globally and on related interfaces of
GE 0/0/0
Using DHCPv6 R1, R2, R3, and R4, and enable the interfaces to
2002::1/64 automatically generate LLAs. The following uses R1
GE 0/0/0
configurations as an example.
GE 1/0/0
R2 2001::2/6 GE 0/0/0 [R1]ipv6
4 [R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
GE 0/0/1 2001::1/64
R1 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 enable
2003::1/64
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address auto link-local
GE 0/0/0
SLAAC
R4 2. Configure static IPv6 GUAs on the related
IPv6 network
• Configuration Requirements interfaces of R1 and R2.
▫ Connect R1 and R2 through interfaces with static [R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address 2001::1 64
IPv6 addresses.
▫ Configure R2 as a DHCPv6 server to assign a GUA [R2]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0
to GE 0/0/0 of R3. [R2-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ipv6 address 2001::2 64
[R2-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet
▫ Enable R2 to send RA messages, and configure 0/0/0
GE 0/0/0 of R4 to automatically perform SLAAC [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address 2002::1 64
based on the RA messages sent by R2. [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet
▫ Configure static routes to implement mutual 0/0/1
access between the devices. [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 address 2003::1 64

age 36 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Example: Configuring a Small IPv6
Network (2)
R3 3. Configure R2 as a DHCPv6 server. Configure the
GE 0/0/0
Using DHCPv6 related interface of R3 to obtain a GUA using
2002::1/64
GE 0/0/0 DHCPv6.

R2
GE 1/0/0 [R2]dhcp enable
2001::2/6 GE 0/0/0
4 [R2]dhcpv6 pool pool1
GE 0/0/1 2001::1/64
R1
2003::1/64 [R2-dhcpv6-pool-pool1]address prefix 2002::/64
GE 0/0/0 [R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
SLAAC
R4 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcpv6 server pool1
IPv6 network
• Configuration Requirements
▫ Connect R1 and R2 through interfaces with static [R3]dhcp enable
IPv6 addresses. [R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
▫ Configure R2 as a DHCPv6 server to assign a GUA
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address auto dhcp
to GE 0/0/0 of R3.
▫ Enable R2 to send RA messages, and configure
GE 0/0/0 of R4 to automatically perform SLAAC
based on the RA messages sent by R2.
▫ Configure static routes to implement mutual
access between the devices.

age 37 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Example: Configuring a Small IPv6
Network (3)
R3
GE 0/0/0 4. Enable R2 to advertise RA messages. Enable R4 to
Using DHCPv6 obtain an address through SLAAC based on the RA
2002::1/64
GE 0/0/0 messages sent by R2.
GE 1/0/0
R2 2001::2/6 GE 0/0/0
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
4 2001::1/64 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo ipv6 nd ra halt
GE 0/0/1 R1
2003::1/64
GE 0/0/0
SLAAC [R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
R4
IPv6 network [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address auto global
• Configuration Requirements
▫ Connect R1 and R2 through interfaces with static
IPv6 addresses.
▫ Configure R2 as a DHCPv6 server to assign a GUA
to GE 0/0/0 of R3.
▫ Enable R2 to send RA messages, and configure
GE 0/0/0 of R4 to automatically perform SLAAC
based on the RA messages sent by R2.
▫ Configure static routes to implement mutual
access between the devices.

age 38 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Example: Configuring a Small IPv6
Network (4)
R3
GE 0/0/0 5. Configure static routes on R4.
Using DHCPv6
2002::1/64
GE 0/0/0 [R4]ipv6 route-static 2001:: 64 2003::1
[R4]ipv6 route-static 2002:: 64 2003::1
GE 1/0/0
R2 2001::2/6 GE 0/0/0
4 2001::1/64
GE 0/0/1 R1 6. Configure an aggregated static route on R1.
2003::1/64
GE 0/0/0 [R1]ipv6 route-static 2002:: 15 2001::2
SLAAC
R4
IPv6 network
• Configuration Requirements 7. Configure a default route on R3.
▫ Connect R1 and R2 through interfaces with static
IPv6 addresses. [R3]ipv6 route-static :: 0 2002::1
▫ Configure R2 as a DHCPv6 server to assign a GUA
to GE 0/0/0 of R3.
▫ Enable R2 to send RA messages, and configure
GE 0/0/0 of R4 to automatically perform SLAAC
based on the RA messages sent by R2.
▫ Configure static routes to implement mutual
access between the devices.

age 39 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Quiz
1. What is the most abbreviated form of the IPv6 address
2001:0DB8:0000:0000:032A:0000:0000:2D70?
2. What is the process of SLAAC for IPv6 hosts?

age 40 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Summar
y
Comparison IPv6 IPv4

Address length 128 bits 32 bits

A fixed 40-byte basic packet A basic header containing the Options field
Packet format header+variable-length extension to
headers support extended features

Address type Unicast, multicast, and anycast Unicast, multicast, and broadcast

Address
Static, DHCP, and SLAAC Static and DHCP
configuration

DAD ICMPv6 Gratuitous ARP

Address
ICMPv6 ARP
resolution

age 41 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
 Thank You
www.huawei.com

age 42 Copyright © 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.