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Graphics

The document explains the differences between vector graphics and raster graphics, highlighting key terms such as pixels and bitmaps. Raster graphics consist of pixel-based images that can become pixelated when enlarged, while vector graphics use mathematical commands for creating images that maintain quality at any size. Common file extensions for raster images include .BMP and .JPG, whereas vector images use extensions like SVG and PDF.

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24 views6 pages

Graphics

The document explains the differences between vector graphics and raster graphics, highlighting key terms such as pixels and bitmaps. Raster graphics consist of pixel-based images that can become pixelated when enlarged, while vector graphics use mathematical commands for creating images that maintain quality at any size. Common file extensions for raster images include .BMP and .JPG, whereas vector images use extensions like SVG and PDF.

Uploaded by

y08verma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Vector Graphics

vs
Raster Graphics
Before we begin with what vector graphics and raster
Pixel: In Computer graphics, a pixel, dot, or picture element is a physical point in
graphics are, we must understand a few basic terms:
a picture. A pixel is simply the smallest addressable element of a picture
represented on a screen. A majority of pictures that we see on our computer
screen are raster images. The selfie that you click with your mobile phone is
another example of a raster image. An image is made up using a collection of
pixels referred to as a bitmap.

Bitmap: In computer graphics, a bitmap is a mapping from some domain (for


example, a range of integers) to bits, that is, values which are zero or one. It is
also called a bit array or bitmap index. The more general term pixmap refers to a
map of pixels, where each one may store more than two colors, thus using more
than one bit per pixel. Often bitmap is used for this as well. In some contexts, the
term bitmap implies one bit per pixel, while pixmap is used for images with
multiple bits per pixel.
• Raster Graphics
Raster images use bit maps to store information. This means a large
file needs a large bitmap. The larger the image, the more disk space
the image file will take up.

• We use algorithms that compress images to help reduce these file


sizes. Image formats like jpeg and gif are common compressed image
formats.

• Scaling down these images is easy but enlarging a bitmap makes it


pixelated or simply blurred. Hence for images that need to scale to
different sizes, we use vector graphics.

• File extensions: .BMP, .TIF, .GIF, .JPG


•
Vector Graphics
Making use of sequential commands or mathematical statements or
programs which place lines or shapes in a 2-D or 3-D environment is
referred to as Vector Graphics.

• Vector graphics are best for printing since it is composed of a series


of mathematical curves. As a result vector graphics print crisply even
when they are enlarged.

• Scaling down these images is easy but enlarging a bitmap makes it


pixelated or simply blurred. Hence for images that need to scale to
different sizes, we use vector graphics.

• In vector graphics, the file is created and saved as a sequence of


vector statements. Rather than having a bit in the file for each bit of
line drawing, we use commands which describe a series of points to
be connected. As a result, a much smaller file is obtained.
• File extensions: SVG, EPS, PDF, AI, DXF
Differences between Vector and Raster
graphics

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