Week 8 Project

z
Riki Jordan

University of Arkansas Grantham

MA230: Mathematical Statistics

Professor Janet Wyatt

April 9, 2025
Wait Times for Pizza Deliveries
z

3 Delivery Drivers
30 min. = 20
The company’s goal is
60 min. = 16
to have the time
between an order 90 min. = 11
coming in and a pizza
leaving the store for More =3
delivery to be as short
as possible.

Wait < 30 mins.

5 Delivery Drivers
30 min. = 31

60 min. = 17

90 min. = 2

More =0

The completed data can be found on the worksheet tab labeled

 Analysis of Wait Times with 3 vs. 5 Delivery Drivers
z
A.Wait Times of 30 B. Wait Times of 60
Minutes:
• With 3 delivery drivers, the Minutes:
• The frequency of orders with
number of orders with a wait a wait time of 60 minutes
time of 30 minutes or less slightly decreased from 16
was only 20. (with 3 drivers) to 17 (with 5
• After hiring the additional 2 drivers).
drivers, the number of
orders with a wait time of 30 This shows that while more
minutes or less increased to orders are being processed
31. quickly, the volume of orders
This indicates that the hiring of taking longer than 60 minutes
additional drivers significantly remained relatively stable
improved the number of orders with the new drivers.
processed within the ideal wait
time.
The increase from 3 to 5 delivery drivers has led to a substantial rise in the number of orders
delivered within the ideal wait time of 30 minutes. This indicates that the additional drivers have
positively impacted efficiency, aligning with the company's goal of minimizing wait times
TV Advertising Costs and Pizza Sold:
MARKETING COST
z
TV A positive correlation exists
between spending more
2500 The company has
2000
money on TV ads and
been trying out
Pizza Sales

1500 increasing pizza sales.

1000 different marketing
500
0
strategies.
$500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500
Ad Cost

The goal is to find

which advertising, TV
or radio, boosts sales
Radio the most
2500
2000
There is a weak Pizza Sales 1500
correlation between 1000
500
the money spent on 0
radio ads and pizza 1 00 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0
$ $1 $2 $2 $3 $3 $4 $4
sales. This scatterplot
Ad Cost
shows no clear trend.

The completed data can be found on the worksheet tab labeled Marketing Cost.
 Analysis of Marketing Cost
z
• A positive correlation exists between the amount spent on TV ads and the
number of pizzas sold.

• As the spending increases, the sales figures show a steady upward trend.

• This indicates that TV advertising is effective and positively influences sales.

• The scatterplot for radio ads shows that there is no clear indication of there
being a trend.

• This suggests that while radio advertising does contribute to increased sales, it
may not be as effective as TV advertising at generating sales figures.

• The graphs indicate that TV advertisements have a stronger influence on pizza

sales than radio advertisements.
 Customer Age: The company recently switched the focus
of their marketing campaign from college
z we took the ages of the
To find the mean,
students to targeting employed middle
individuals in our study, summed them together,
and then divided them by the total number of aged individuals around the age of 35.
individuals in the study.

1574 Our goal is to determine whether this

Mean = ______ = 35
44 change in focus was correct.
To find the mode, we identified the value that
appears the most frequently.
Histogram
Mode = 20 20
Freque...

18
To find the median, we arranged the numbers in
16
ascending order. Since there were an even
14
number of numbers, we took the average between
12
the two middle values.

Frequency
10

Median = 25 8
6
To find the standard deviation we entered the 4
following formula into our excel worksheet. 2
=STDEV.S(A2:A45) 0
20's 30's 40's 50's 60's 70's 80's +
Standard Deviation = 21.93 Ages

The completed data can be found on the worksheet tab labeled “Customer Age”.
 Customer Age Analysis

z
The mean age of 35 suggests that, on average, the clients are close to the target age of 35. Thus,
this supports the company's new focus as a significant portion of the clientele falls within this
demographic.

The mode of 20 indicates that the most frequently occurring age in the dataset is 20. This might
suggest a large group of younger clients, which may not be the primary focus of the new marketing
strategy. It indicates that while older ages influence the mean, younger clients represent a significant
part of the overall demographic.

The median age of 25 serves as a better measure of the central tendency when compared to the
mean, as it represents the middle value in the dataset. This indicates that half of the client base is
younger than 25, highlighting that the younger demographic is strongly represented in the sample.

A standard deviation of 21 is high, suggesting a significant variation in age among clients. This
variability suggests the presence of younger and older clients, reinforcing the need for tailored
marketing strategies.

While the mean supports the targeting of middle-aged individuals, the mode and median reveal a
considerable presence of younger clients. The high standard deviation indicates a diverse age range,
suggesting that the marketing strategy may need to accommodate various audience segments to
ensure effectiveness.
 Toppings Variations
z

A competitor has recently released an advertisement claiming that their three topping
pizza special allows 2300 different combinations of toppings.

Our goal is to find out if our current menu offers more three-topping combinations than our
competitor.
We can compute the total combinations
We know that our Competitor Our Company our company offers by inputting the
competitor has a total
equation =COMBIN(20,3) into our Excel
of 2300 different 2300 1140 worksheet.
combinations.

After calculating, we found that our company has 1140 different 3-topping combinations available
from 20 different toppings at our location. Therefore, compared to the competitor's claim of 2300
different combinations, our company offers 1160 fewer combinations.

The completed data can be found on the worksheet labeled Topping Variations.
 Competitor Prices Our company has purchased market research data that includes
the prices of all of our competitors three topping large pizzas.
z
The prices of all three topping large pizzas are normally distributed with a
mean of $10.99 and a standard deviation of $2.80.

The price of our companies large three topping pizza is $12.00.

Our goal is to find out what percentage of all competitors’

pizza prices are lower than ours.
To find Z-score we must first know the
X = data value = 12.00 equation:
μ = mean = 10.99 Z = (Data Value – Mean) / Standard Z = (X - μ) / σ
σ = standard deviation = 2.80 Deviation.
(12.00-10.99) 1.01
___________ = ______ Z = 0.36071429
Z=
2.80 2.80

Now, formulate what percentage of all competitors’ pizza prices are lower than ours.
After entering the data value, mean, and standard deviation into our Excel worksheet, we can use the
formula NORM.DIST for normal distribution, inputting our cell numbers for a data value, mean, and
standard deviation, and entering true to find out the percentage of pizza price value that is less than
our company.
The percentage of competitors with lower prices than ours ends up being: = 64.084348% or 64%
The completed data can be found on the worksheet labeled Competitor Prices.
z

The End!
Thank you for watching my presentation; I hope you enjoyed it!
Thank you for the fantastic course; I appreciate you taking
the time to teach us mathematical statistics!

-- Riki Jordan