HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT & RISK CONTROL
By Muhd. Amirul Mukminin Bin Zakaria (06DTK11F1017) Muhd. Fakrullah Bin Nazri (06DTK11F1018)
OBJECTIVE
To identify types of Hazard in work area To make Risk Assessments To suggest Risk Controls to Organization To implementing Risk Controls To review Risk Controls
Introduction to HIRARC
Principles used in workplace to manage safety and health. Section 15 (2)(a) of OSHA 1994: which reads the provision and maintenance of plants and systems of work that are,so far as is practicable, safe and without risks to health
Definition
Hazard A source or a situation with a potential for harm to humans, property and damage of environment or a combination of these. Danger Relative exposure to hazard. Risk A combination of likelihood of occurrence and severity of injury or damage.
Overview Of HIRARC
Definition of Hazards Classification of Hazards Potential sources of Hazards Basic components of Risk Management
The Process of Risk Management
Classify Activities (Work, Product, Services) Identify Hazard Assess The Risk Risk Control Review Risk Control
Classification & Potential Sources of Hazards
Classification Example of Hazards Mechanical - Sharp points & edges, overload. Electrical - Insulation damaged or cover broken Biological - Exposed, airborne/blood borne microorganism. Chemical - Expose to carcinogens chemical Ergonomics - Expose to unnatural postures Psychological- Stress or violent at workplace.
Hazard Identification
To keep workplace safe and healthy. -employers should make sure there are no hazards to which employees could be exposed. Employers should look for hazards in advance as part of their risk management plan to prevent potential hazards.
Actions & Recommendations
All related statements should be made With no cost restrains Should be reviewed every 4 months Need management support
Risk Assessment
Is the process of evaluating the risk to safety & health from hazards at work Types - Qualitative - Semi-quantitative - Quantitative
How To Assess Risk
1) Look for the Hazards 2) Decide who might be harmed & how 3) Evaluate the risk and check what is done to prevent it from happening 4) Record finding 5) Review assessment and revise it if necessary
Types of Risk Assessment
Qualitative - (Use Risk Matrix) -table scales for likelihood and severity Fatality Major injuries Minor injuries First aid or near misses
Types of Risk Assessment
Based on statistic Likelihood Very likely Likely Unlikely Highly Unlikely
Qualitative Risk Table
Likelihood Severity V/Likely Fatality High Likely High Unlikely High H/Unlikely Medium
Major Injuries Minor Injuries
First Aid/ N/misses
High
High Medium
High
Medium Medium
Medium
Medium Low
Medium
Low Low
Semi-Quantitative Risk Assessment
Severity Categories 1. First Aid 2. Less than 4 days M/C 3. More than 4 days M/C 4. Fatality & Permanent Disability
Semi-Quantitative Risk Assessment
Likelihood Occurrence 1. Yearly 2. Monthly 3. Weekly 4. Daily
Semi-Quantitative Risk Table
LIKELIHOOD S E V E R I T y
Yearly 1 First Aid < 4 Days MC > 4 Days MC Fatality & Permanent Disability 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Monthly Weekly 2 2 4 6 8 3 3 6 9 12 Daily 4 4 8 12 16
Quantitative Risk Assessment
In cases where hazards are numerous and complex eg; Chemical process plant Should have Job Safety Analysis (JSA) - describe job in less than 10 steps - List things that can go wrong
- eg; Changing a Car Wheel
Actions & Recommendations
ELSLISECAC PPEEliminate Substitute Isolation Engineering Control Administration Control Personal Protection Equipment
Actions & Recommendations
Eg; EL - stop work, cover hazard SL - use other route, other material.. IS - put up temporary barrier, EC - construct permanent wall,.. AC - put up notice, job rotation, PPE - gloves, respirator,
Thank You
Hera Singh Scientific Officer Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan