Patterns of

Developme
nt
 Objective:
Distinguishes between and among patterns of
development in writing across disciplines
(EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3)
a. Narration EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.1
b. Description EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.2
c. Definition EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.3
d. Exemplification/Classification EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.4
e. Comparison and contrast EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.5
f. Cause and effect EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.6
g. Problem - solution EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.7
h. Persuasion EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.8
 Patterns of Development
Methods of Informal Components Purpose/s Types
Paragraph Definition
Development

a. Introduction - For clarifying a. First

- to tell a and illustrating person(I,We,
story. b. Rising action abstract ideas me,us)
1. Narration
c. Climax -emphasizing b. Second
important person(You)
d. Denouement relationship.
c. Third
e. Resolution person(He/Sh
e/It/They)
 Patterns of Development

Good narration:
1. Reveals something of importance.
2. Includes all the important events of the
story.
3. Brings the story to life with a detailed
account of what happened.
4. Presents events in a clear order.
 Narrative Paragraph Example

My most embarrassing moment happened

when I was working in a Mexican restaurant. I was
a hostess working on a busy Friday night. As
usual, I was wearing a blouse and a long Mexican
skirt. While I was taking some menus to a table,
one of the waiters accidentally stepped on the hem
of my skirt. I didn’t even feel it fall off, and I walked
through the whole dining room in my slip! Almost
every customer in the restaurant saw me without
my skirt on!
 Write a composition in a short bond
paper about the most memorable
moment happened in your life.
Observe the proper margin and
writing of paragraph.
 Patterns of Development
Methods of Informal Components Purpose/s Types
Paragraph Definition
Development

- to represent a. Subject - To present its a. Objective

2. the appearance (Noun) subject for the description
of something mind’s eye.
Description
with the use of b. Descriptive b. Subjective
words. Devices Description
(Adjective and
Adverb)
 Objective Description
Ex. An orchid leaf has 2.4
inches
wide.

Donald Trump won the 2016 US

presidential elections.
 Subjective Description

Ex. An Orchid has wide leaves.

Donald Trump was lucky to win

the 2016 US presidential
elections.
 Objective Description- is the use of
facts to create an image in your
mind.

 Subjective Description- based on

single perspective or opinion.
 Patterns of Development

Good description:
1. Creates a main impression-an
overall effect, feeling, or image-
about the topic.
2. Uses concrete, specific details to
support the main impression.
3. Uses details that appeal to the
five senses.
 Descriptive Paragraph Example

The subway is an assault on your senses. You walk

down the steep, smelly steps on the subway platform. On
the far right wall, a broken clock show that the time is four-
thirty. You wonder how long it has been broken. A mother
and her crying child are standing to your left. She is trying
to clean dried chocolate syrup off the young child’s face.
Farther to the left, two old men are arguing about the most
recent tax increase. You hear a little noise and see some
paper trash roll by like a soccer ball. The most interesting
thing you see while you are waiting for your subway train is
a poster. It reads “Come to Jamaica.” Deep blue skies, a
lone palm tree, and sapphire waters call you to this exotic
faraway place.
 Make a composition using
description as pattern of
development. Make a vivid
picture of your dream house
which you would like to own in
the future.
 Patterns of Development
Methods of Informal Components Purpose/s Types
Paragraph Definition
Development

3. Definition - gives a. Term - to provide a. formal

meanings to meanings to definition
terms or ideas b. Genus/ Class terms for better
understanding b. informal
c. Differentia definition
Rose is a family of prickly shrub with
pinnate leaves and showy flowers.

Skimming is a reading technique of

allowing the eyes to travel over a
page very quickly, stopping only here
and there to gain an idea.
 Patterns of Development

It uses denotation or connotation

1. Tells readers what term is being
defined.
2. Presents a clear and precise basic
definition.
3. Uses examples to show what the
writer means.
4. Uses words and examples that
readers will understand.
 Definition Paragraph Example
According to The American Heritage Dictionary,
gossip is a “trivial rumor of a personal nature,” but this
definition makes gossip sound harmless. At first, gossip
might not seem so bad. One person tells a second person
something about someone, and that second person tells a
third person, and so on. The information passes from
person to person. However, gossip is much more than just
information and rumor. As the rumor continues, it grows
and changes, People do not know all the facts, so they add
information. As the gossip goes from one person to
another, the damage continues, and the person who is the
subject of the gossip can’t do anything to answer or protect
himself or herself. Because the potential damage may
range from hurt feelings to a lost career, gossip is much
worse than simply a “trivial rumor.”
 Write a composition about definition
on short bond paper. You may
choose the term you what to define
and cite the functions,
characteristics or examples of it.
Topic Sentence:

Classification Examples of Hazardous

Substances

Pollution 1. a.
b.
c.
d.

2. a.
b.
c.

3. a.
b.
c.
d.

Transitional
Expressions
 Patterns of Development
Methods of Informal Components Purpose/s Types
Paragraph Definition
Development

4. - explains a - subject/ term - to explain

subject by to be something by
Classification dividing into classified dividing it into N/A
types or types, groups, or
categories - its categories
classifications
 Patterns of Development

A good classification paragraph:

1. Make sense of a group of people or
items by organizing them into
categories.
2. Uses useful categories.
3. Uses a single organizing principle.
4. Gives examples of what fits into each
category.
 Classification Paragraph Example
Test questions generally fall into categories,
depending on how they are answered: objective and
subjective. The first kind, objective questions, have definite
right and wrong answers. Multiple choice, matching, and
fill-in-the-blank questions are objective. Although they can
be tricky because of their wording, most students prefer
objective questions. The answers are already there, and
the student just has to choose the right one. Subjective test
items, such as short-answer and essay questions, have no
single correct answer. There is a range of possible
responses. Students have to know the information in order
to answer each question, and they have to present it in
their own words. You can make a lucky guess on an
objective question, but a subjective question doesn’t offer
much hope for a student relying on dumb luck.
Write an exemplification or a
classification paragraph on any
suitable subject or topic . Make sure
to include a topic
sentence ,supporting details
conclusion and transitional
expressions in your written text.

Criteria
Paragraph Structure-5pts
Transitional Expressions-5pts
Grammar and Punctuation -5pts
 Using the Venn diagram , jot down
words and phrases showing
similarities and differences between
Junior High School and Senior High
School.
 Patterns of Development
Methods of Informal Components Purpose/s Types
Paragraph Definition
Development

- pointing out a. Similarities - To give

5.A similarities emphasis and N/A
and b. Differences explain the
Comparison,
differences, relationship
Contrast respectively. between two
things.
 Patterns of Development
Methods of Informal Components Purpose/s Types
Paragraph Definition
Development

5.B - explains - Similarities - used to point out

how two the similarities
Comparison subjects are - Differences and differences N/A
and similar or between two
Contrast different objects, persons
or places
 Patterns of Development

1. Uses subjects that have enough in

common to be compared/contrasted.
2. Serves a purpose- either to help
readers make a decision or
understand subjects.
3. Presents several important, parallel
points of comparison/contrast.
4. Arranges points in a logical
organization.
 Compare & Contrast Paragraph Example
When they get lost while driving, women and men
have very different ways to find the right route. As soon as
a woman thinks she might be lost, she will pull into a store
or gas station and ask for directions. As she continues on,
is she’s still not sure of the directions, she will stop again
and ask someone else for help. Until they know they are on
the right track, women will continue to ask for directions. In
contrast, men would rather turn around and go home than
stop and ask for directions. First, a man doesn’t readily
admit he is lost. When it is clear that he is, he will pull over
and consult a map. If he still find himself lost, he will again
pull out that map. Either the map will finally put the man on
the right route, or – as a last resort – he will reluctantly stop
at a store or gas station and let his wife go in and ask for
directions. Many battles of the sexes have raged over what
to do when lost in the car.
 Choose one among the three items
then come up with atleast one
similarity and three differences.
 Cellphone units and brands

 Fast food chains and fine dining

restaurants
 Enrolling in college or getting

employed after Senior High School

 Patterns of Development
Methods of Informal Components Purpose/s Types
Paragraph Definition
Development
-to explain
- deals with a. Reasons conditions or
6. Cause reasons and events that N/A
and Effect results. b. Results cause a certain
situation or may
discuss
conditions or
events that
result from a
situation.
 Patterns of Development

1. Clearly distinguish
between cause and effect.
2. Give clear and detailed
examples of causes and/or
effects.
 Cause & Effect Paragraph Example
Much to her surprise, lottery winner Sylvia
Lee found that sudden wealth was a mixed
blessing – the results were both good and bad.
After her win was announced, she was
constantly hounded by people who wanted to
sell her something. She got an unlisted phone
number, but the more aggressive salespeople
just camped out on her doorstep. Another
negative result was that people started treating
her differently. “I was shocked,” said Lee.
“Everyone from the checkout clerk at the
supermarket where I’ve shopped for years
to my next-door neighbor acted as though I
had changed. I’m still the same; I’ve just got
money now.” Lee admits, though, that most
of the changes have been positive. “It’s
really a relief not worrying about money all
the time. I actually went on my first
shopping spree ever, and it was great.” Lee
expects that other new and unexpected
results of her sudden wealth are yet to
come, but she’s not discouraged: so far, at
least, the pluses far outweigh the minuses.
Patterns of Development
Patterns of Development
Patterns of Development
Problem-Solution Paragraph Example
Obesity in North America

Obesity has become a major health issue for North

Americans, and this problem is aggravated by the lack
of physical activity in large segments of the population.
In addition to healthier eating habits, one solution
would be to make it easier for obese North Americans
to exercise on a daily basis. This could be done at work,
before and after the shift, to ensure full participation in
the program. This program would be beneficial to obese
employees as they would be required to participate
twice daily to help decrease obesity among North
Americans.(Note:TS=Topic Sentence SD=Supporting
Detail CS=Concluding Statement)
Patterns of Development
Organization and Layout
What are the different
patterns of
development in
writing?
 Rubric:

Organization - 2 pts.

Mechanics - 2 pts.

Content - 2 pts.

Presentation - 2 pts.

Relevance to the topic

- 2 pts.
Total : 10 points
• References:
http://www.slideshare.net/IvanBendiola/
methods-of-paragraph-development-287
76739
(accessed Dec.1, 2016)
http://www.slideshare.net/pinebits/meth
ods-of-paragraph-development-2844196
7

http://www.slideshare.net/RitaProkopetz
/paragraph-writing-ii-problem-and-soluti
on

http://www.slideshare.net/kriziak/types-
of-paragraph