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Handover in Wireless Networks

The document discusses the concept of handover in wireless networks, which is the process of transferring an ongoing call or data connection from one Base Station to another. It outlines two main types of handovers: Hard Handover, which involves a break in connectivity, and Soft Handover, which allows simultaneous connections to multiple Base Stations. Additionally, it highlights the challenges faced during handover, such as packet loss, latency, and authentication overhead.

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sagar.panwar
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44 views6 pages

Handover in Wireless Networks

The document discusses the concept of handover in wireless networks, which is the process of transferring an ongoing call or data connection from one Base Station to another. It outlines two main types of handovers: Hard Handover, which involves a break in connectivity, and Soft Handover, which allows simultaneous connections to multiple Base Stations. Additionally, it highlights the challenges faced during handover, such as packet loss, latency, and authentication overhead.

Uploaded by

sagar.panwar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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HANDOVER IN Presented by: Sagar Panwa

WIRELESS Course: M.Tech 2nd Sem


NETWORKS Date: 05-July-2025
INTRODUCTION
handover or handoff refers to the
process of transferring an ongoing call
or data connectivity from one Base
Station to another Base Station. When
a mobile moves into a different cell
while the conversation is in progress
then the MSC (Mobile Switching
Centre) transfers the call to a new
channel belonging to the new Base
Station. .
• Used in cellular networks (2G, 3G,
4G, 5G), Wi-Fi, etc.
TYPES OF HANDOVER
1. Hard Handover (Break Before Make): When there is
an actual break in the connectivity while switching
from one Base Station to another Base Station. There is
no burden on the Base Station and MSC because the
switching takes place so quickly that it can hardly be
noticed by the users. The connection quality is not that
good. Hard Handoff adopted the 'break before make'
policy.
TYPES OF HANDOVER
2. Soft Handover (Make Before Break): Soft Handoff is a
mechanism in which the device gets connected with
two or more base stations at the same time. At least
one of the links is kept when radio signals are added or
removed to the Base Station. Soft Handoff adopted the
'make before break' policy.
HANDOVER IN
CELLULAR NETWORKS
• GSM uses Hard Handover.
• UMTS (3G) supports Soft and Softer Handover.
• LTE (4G) uses Hard Handover, but optimized for fast
switching.
• 5G supports seamless and intelligent handovers
using AI and beamforming.
CHALLENGES IN
HANDOVER
• Packet loss during handover
• Latency and jitter
• IP address change (in IP-based networks)
• Authentication overhead
• Handover failure

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