Advanced HVDC Technologies
A Seminar Presentation by
Bibekanada Malik
NM Institute of Engineering &
Technology, Bhubaneswar
Introduction to HVDC
• Essential for asynchronous power
transmission
• Allows efficient power transfer over long
distances
• Enables interconnection of grids operating at
different frequencies
HVDC Technology Overview
• Conversion from AC to DC and back to AC
• Converter station components: Thyristor
valves, VSC valves, transformers
• Transmission media: Overhead lines and
submarine cables
Advantages of HVDC
• Lower transmission losses over long distances
• Enables underwater and underground
transmission
• Improved controllability and stability of power
flow
Applications of HVDC
• Long-distance bulk power transmission
• Submarine cable transmission (offshore wind,
island connections)
• Asynchronous interconnection of regional
grids
Major HVDC Projects in India
• Rihand-Delhi (1500 MW)
• Talcher-Kolar (2000 MW)
• Vindhyachal (500 MW)
• Chandrapur-Padghe (1500 MW)
Advanced HVDC Technologies
• Life extension of existing HVDC systems
• UHVDC systems at +/- 800kV and above
• Development of HVDC reference handbooks
• Modeling with MATLAB/Simulink
Conclusion
• India is rapidly developing HVDC infrastructure
• HVDC will play a key role in meeting future
energy demands
• Technological advancements are increasing
efficiency and feasibility
Basics of HVDC Transmission
• AC to DC conversion (rectifier) at transmission
end
• DC to AC conversion (inverter) at receiving end
• Transmission medium: overhead lines or
submarine cables
Components of Converter Stations
• Thyristor valves / VSC valves
• Transformers
• AC & DC Filters, Capacitor Banks
Comparison: HVDC vs HVAC
• HVDC: Better for long distance & underwater
• HVAC: Economical for short distances
• HVDC: Lower line losses over distance
Historical Milestones in HVDC
• 1901 - Mercury-vapour rectifier
• 1954 - First commercial HVDC link (Gotland,
Sweden)
• 1984 - Itaipu Brazil +/- 600kV
• 1999 - First Voltage Source Converter
Global HVDC Installations
• First installation in 1954
• Today, many HVDC links worldwide
(map/overview)
• Key regions: Europe, Asia, Americas
Future Trends in HVDC
• 800kV and higher UHVDC systems
• New materials (extruded polyethylene cables)
• Advanced control & automation technologies
Modeling HVDC in
MATLAB/Simulink
• 6-pulse single bridge converter model
• Divides AC cycle into 12 intervals
• Laplace-based modeling for steady-state
analysis
Fig.1 HVDC Converter Station
Layout
Fig.1 HVDC Converter Station
Layout
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Converter station components
Fig.2 HVDC Transmission Mediums
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Overhead bipolar lines & submarine cables
Fig.3 Rihand-Delhi HVDC Link
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India’s first long-distance HVDC link
Fig.4 Global HVDC Installations
Map
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Distribution of HVDC links worldwide