Quality Assurance Team
Ossun Shin
Sean Lynn
Will Cooley
Ryan Koteen
Andrew Wierda
Overview
Quality and Quality Assurance
Our role in the project
Audit
Standards
QA companies and services
Jobs in the industry
What is “Quality”?
“Degree of excellence”
Totality of features and characteristics of a
product or service that bears on its ability
to meet a stated or implied need
Conformance to requirement
Fitness to use
User satisfaction
Quality in different areas of society
Airlines : on-time, comfortable, low-cost
services
Health Care : correct diagnosis, minimum
wait time, lower cost, security
Consumer Products : properly made,
defect-free, cost effective
Why is Quality important?
Every business exist to make a profit
Create and retain satisfied customers
Quality is vital to the survival of enterprise
What is Quality Assurance?
Any action taken to prevent quality
problems from occurring
A planned and systematic set of activities
to ensure that requirements are clearly
established and defined process complies
to these requirements
Like a “cooking recipe”
Basic Principle of QA
Working out the best course of action
beforehand and communicating it reliably
to all those concerned
What is Software Quality?
Reasonably bug-free
Delivered on time
Within budget
Meet requirements and expectations
maintainable
Software Quality Assurance
Involves entire software process
– Monitoring
– Improving
– Standards and procedures are followed
– Problems are found and dealt with
Quality Assurance Team
Motto : “Without our beginning, there is
no end.”
Mission : “To provide a formal guideline
and direction for each team to ensure a
successful project."
Responsibilities of QA Team
QA plan
QA forms
Contracts
Enforcement of QA Requirements
Auditing
Final Audit
QA Plan
A detailed description of each teams’
events, course of action, and deliverables
that should be met in order to guarantee
achievement and maintain quality
QA Forms
Different types of forms include:
– Contract Form
– Moderator/Scribe Forms
– QIF Log/Record
– Performance/Peer Evaluation Forms
– Warning Forms
– Audit Report Form
– Acceptance Form
What is an Audit?
A process in which each team is evaluated
to demonstrate their constancy to follow
all standards, guidelines, and procedures
recognized within the QA Plan
The Auditing Process
Audit Checklist
QA Team Lead and Liaison meet with
team to be audited
Meet at least once with team prior to their
deliverable due
Team being audited is given 3 days notice
The Auditor Assessment
Consistency with Quality Assurance Plan
Overlooked and incomplete features of the
deliverables
The on time completion of the deliverables
Final Audit
The auditor inspects the total project for
quality
The assessment is generally completed at
the end of the semester
December 10th, 2001
What is Six Sigma?
Optimized level of performance approaching
zero defects
Virtually eliminates all internal inefficiencies
Having a common focus on excellence
throughout the entire organization in
everything they do
Measurement of how many “defects” are in a
process and figure out how to eliminate them
Desired level of performance: 3.4 “defects” per
million opportunities
Six Sigma Background
First implemented at Motorola in 1985
Extensively used at Motorola from 1985 –
1994
Savings over 9 years: approximately $2 billion
General Electric implements Six Sigma 1995
GE refers “it is now the way we work”
Savings from 1995 – 2000: approximately $10
billion
Steps of Six Sigma
Step 1: Identify
– Establish the scope of the project
Develop the Six Sigma project plan
Step 2: Measure
– Establish balanced metrics
Step 3: Analyze
– Identify the important process actions
Brainstorm the seven failure modes for each action
Establish cause and effects
Steps of Six Sigma (cont.)
Step 4: Confirm
– Employ statistics, experiments and observations to
verify cause and effect
Step 5: Modify
– Change process and product designs
Mistake proof
Change procedures and work instruction
Step 6: Control
– Management
Independent audit and verification
Principles of TQM
1. Quality can and must be managed
2. Everyone has a customer and is a
supplier
3. Processes, not people are the problem
4. Every employee is responsible for
quality
5. Problems must be prevented, not just
fixed.
6. Quality must be measured
Principle of TQM (cont.)
1. Quality improvements must be continuous
2. The quality standard is defect free
3. Goals are based on requirements, not
negotiated.
4. Life cycle costs, not front end costs
5. Management must be involved and lead
6. Plan and organize for quality improvement
What is ISO?
TheInternational Organization for
Standardization (ISO) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies
from some 140 countries, one from each
country
ISO is a non-governmental organization
established in 1947
What are Standards?
Documented agreements containing
technical specifications or other precise
criteria to be used consistently as rules, to
ensure that materials, products, processes,
and services are fit for their purpose
Example: Thickness of ATM cards
What is ISO 9000?
ISO 9000 is a set of five universal standards for a
Quality Assurance system that is accepted
around the world
To become registered in one or more of these
standards involves having an accredited,
independent third party conduct an audit of the
company's operations against the requirements of
the ISO 9000 standards
Upon successful completion of this audit, the
company will receive a registration certificate
What makes up ISO 9000?
• Five individual, but related, international
standards on quality, known as ISO 9000,
9001, 9002, 9003, and 9004
• To become registered in one or more of these
standards involves having an accredited,
independent third party conduct an audit of the
company's operations against the requirements
of the ISO 9000 standards
• Upon successful completion of this audit, the
company will receive a registration certificate
What makes up ISO 9000?
Five individual, but related, international
standards on quality, known as ISO 9000, 9001,
9002, 9003, and 9004
To become registered in one or more of these
standards involves having an accredited,
independent third party conduct an audit of the
company's operations against the requirements of
the ISO 9000 standards
Upon successful completion of this audit, the
company will receive a registration certificate
Benefits of ISO Certification
Improve business processes and save
money
To qualify for new customers, many
organizations require certification in order
to do business
Enter global markets, many countries
require certification to enter their markets
Quality Assurance Institute
Internationally recognized
Mission - To identify and share state-of-the-art
solutions with our membership in the form of proven work practices
customized by leaders in the industry.
Educational Services
Certification Programs
QA Software Certifications
CSTE - Certified Software Test Engineer
CSA - Certified SPICE Assessor
CSQA - Certified Software Quality Analyst
Prerequisites for CSQA
Certification
Subscribe to code of ethics
Submit a character reference
Pass a comprehensive written exam
BA degree
An Associates degree w/ 2yrs IT
experience or
6 years Information Service experience
Benefits From Certifications
Greater career advancement
Recognized professional level of
competence
Greater acceptance in the role as advisor to
management
QA Companies
Quality Assurance Services
Software Certifications
Quality Logic
Software Association of Oregon
Types of Services From QA
Companies
Assessments
Consulting
QualityManagement
Software Test
Benefits Of QA Services
State-of-the-artsolutions
Highly experienced advise
Increase profitability
Spend less - gain more
Jobs In The Industry
Company: Microlink Inc.
Job Title: QA Manager
Location: Santa Clara, CA.
Requirements:
– Provide Guidelines to achieve goals in accordance
with established policies.
Qualifications
– 5-7 years experience
– ISO 9000 experience
Pay
– $ 90,000 per year
Jobs In The Industry
Company: Information Technology Business
Group
Position: Client/Server QA Analyst
Location: Potomac MD
Qualifications :
– SDLC experience
– SDM experience
– SEI CMM
– ISO 9000
Jobs In The Industry
Company: Snelling Information Systems
Job Title: QA Manager
Location: New York
Requirements: Seeking a QA Manager to do
installation of Winrunner and Loadrunner from
scratch. Ability to manage a team of 8-10 QA
Analysts
– 3 – 5 years QA plus manager experience
Pay
– $70,000 to $90,000 per year
Software Quality Assurance
Professionals
Make up 3 to 5 % of Software jobs
Regarded as the enemy
They make software better
With the rise in standards, need for QA
professionals will grow
What makes a good Software
QA Manager?
Be familiar with QA process
Maintain enthusiasm
Promote teamwork
Promote cooperation
Have diplomatic skills
What makes a good Software
QA Manager?
have the ability to withstand pressures and
say 'no'
have people judgment skills
be able to communicate with technical and
non-technical people
be able to run meetings and keep them
focused
QA in the Industry
Who: Susan Burgess, QA Director at Information
Technology Business Group
Background
– MBA in Management
– Certified Software Test Engineer
– Certified Spice Assessor
– Certified Quality Analyst
Responsibilities:
– Managing Teams that examine software and
hardware applications
– Looks for bugs as well as security issues and faulty
implementations and determines if application fits
users needs
QA in the Industry
What does QA mean to Susan?
– Schedule
– Cost
– Quality
– Why is QA important to Susan?
Liability: “If I approve a project and it fails,
I could get sued. Liability in my job is the
real issue.”
