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UART Protocol InDepth Overview

The document provides an in-depth technical overview of the UART protocol, covering its history, features, and comparison with other communication protocols. It discusses the architecture of UART in CPU systems, including its role in bootloaders and debugging, as well as its key features such as configurable word length and error detection. Additionally, it addresses real-time applications, debugging strategies, and best practices for effective UART implementation.

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Dharshni S
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5 views20 pages

UART Protocol InDepth Overview

The document provides an in-depth technical overview of the UART protocol, covering its history, features, and comparison with other communication protocols. It discusses the architecture of UART in CPU systems, including its role in bootloaders and debugging, as well as its key features such as configurable word length and error detection. Additionally, it addresses real-time applications, debugging strategies, and best practices for effective UART implementation.

Uploaded by

Dharshni S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UART Protocol – In-Depth Technical

Overview

• Presenter: Dharshni | SRM


Presentation Overview

• Objective of the session


• Key topics to be covered
Introduction to Communication
Protocols

• What are communication protocols?


• Classification: Serial vs Parallel, Synchronous
vs Asynchronous
• Examples: UART, SPI, I2C, CAN, USB
Why UART?

• History and evolution


• Simplicity and wide adoption
• Role in embedded systems
UART vs Other Protocols

• Feature comparison:
• Clock line: UART (No), SPI (Yes), I2C (Yes)
• Speed: UART (Moderate), SPI (Fast), I2C
(Moderate)
• Wiring: UART (2 wires), SPI (4 wires), I2C (2
wires)
UART in CPU/System Architecture

• Connection to CPU buses


• Use in bootloaders and firmware debugging
• Interrupts and DMA support
• Example: SCI in TI DSP (TMS320x280x)
Overview of TI SCI Module

• What is SCI (Serial Communications


Interface)?
• Compatibility with UART standards
• Full-duplex, interrupt-driven
Block Diagram of SCI Module

• Annotated block diagram from SPRUGP1


• Major blocks: TX, RX, Control Logic, Registers
Key Features of TI SCI/UART

• Configurable word length


• Programmable baud rate
• Error detection
• Loopback mode
• FIFO support
Register Map Overview

• SCICCR, SCICTL1/2, SCIRXBUF, SCITXBUF


• Access types and initialization
• Bit-field descriptions
Baud Rate Generation

• Equation: Baud Rate = LSPCLK / (BRR + 1)


• High-speed and low-speed clock usage
• Example calculations
Data Format & Framing

• Start, Data, Parity, Stop bits


• Idle-line and break detection
• Byte boundary recognition in receiver
Transmit Operation

• Load → Shift → Send process


• Polling vs interrupt-driven
• TX buffer and TXRDY flag
Receive Operation

• Flowchart: Receive → Buffer


• RX interrupts and overrun detection
• Parity and framing error handling
Interrupt and Event Management

• PIE interrupt mapping


• Sources: Transmit, Receive, Error
• Example ISR structure
Loopback & Self-Test Modes

• Internal loopback configuration


• Software testing use cases
• Diagnostic applications
Initialization & Configuration

• GPIO MUX setup


• Clock enabling
• SCI register configuration flow
• Sample C pseudocode
Real-Time UART Applications

• Debug console
• Wireless modules (Bluetooth, GPS)
• Sensor communication
• Flash programming
Debugging & Troubleshooting

• Incorrect baud rate issues


• Framing and parity errors
• Logic analyzer and UART terminal usage
• Checkpoint strategy
Summary & Best Practices

• UART’s ongoing relevance


• Electrical level compatibility
• Using buffers and interrupts effectively

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