Minimization of Boolean Functions

The document discusses the minimization of Boolean functions in digital electronics, emphasizing the importance of simplifying expressions for efficient circuit design. It outlines various methods for minimization, including algebraic simplification and Karnaugh Maps, and highlights the benefits such as reduced circuit size, cost, and power consumption. The conclusion stresses that effective minimization is crucial for enhancing digital system performance and reliability.

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Minimization of Boolean Functions

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k7799363

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Alipurduar Government Engineering &

Management College

TOPIC: MiNimization of Boolean Functions

Name : Anjamul Islam

Roll No.: 38732524013
Dept : Artificial Intelligence(AI)
Sub : Analog & Digital Electronics
Sub Code :ESC-301
Year : 2nd Year (1st Sem)
Minimization of Boolean Functions

Introduction

In digital electronics, a Boolean function represents the

logical relationship between inputs and outputs of a
circuit.
However, a given function may be expressed in a form
that requires more logic gates and connections than
necessary.
Minimization is the process of simplifying the Boolean
expression without changing its functionality.
This helps in designing circuits that are smaller, faster,
and more cost-effective.
Why Minimize?

Fewer gates → smaller circuit size.

Lower cost → less hardware required.
Faster speed → reduced delay.
Less power → energy-efficient systems.
Improves overall circuit reliability.
Forms of Boolean Functions

Canonical Forms:
SOP – Sum of Products
POS – Product of Sums
Minimization works on either form.
Example:
SOP: F = A’B + BC
POS: F = (A + B)(B + C’)
Minimization Methods
 Algebraic Simplification: Uses Boolean
algebra laws.
 Karnaugh Map (K-Map): Visual grouping
method.
 Quine–McCluskey Method: Tabular approach
(more systematic).
 In this presentation → Focus on Algebraic & K-Map.
Minimization Methods
Algebraic Simplification

 Uses Boolean laws like:

 Idempotent: A + A = A
 Null: A·0 = 0
 Complement: A + A’ = 1
 Absorption: A + AB = A
 Example:
F = A + AB → F = A (Absorption law)
Karnaugh Map (K-Map)

The Karnaugh Map (K-map) method simplifies Boolean

expressions visually, using a grid to plot truth values. By
grouping adjacent cells representing arranged values,
designers can easily identify and eliminate redundancy. This
graphical approach provides a straightforward method for
minimization, particularly effective for functions with up to
six variables, resulting in simplified logical expressions and
circuit designs.

2D grid representing all possible input combinations.

Each cell = a minterm.
Group adjacent 1’s in powers of 2 (1, 2, 4, 8…).
Write simplified SOP or POS from groups.
Real-Life Applications

*Digital circuit design in CPUs.

*Memory address decoding.
*Communication system logic.
*Any system needing minimal hardware and
faster processing.
Conclusions