Selected Topics in IS CIS26463
CIS26463
46/1447
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Dr.Abdelrazig Suliman
Lecture2
CIS26463
BIG DATA
46/1447
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Dr.Abdelrazig Suliman
Content
1. Introduction
2. What is Big Data
3. Characteristic of Big Data
4. Storing, selecting and processing of Big Data
5. Why Big Data
6. How it is Different
7. Big Data sources
8. Tools used in Big Data
9. Application of Big Data
10. Risks of Big Data
11. Benefits of Big Data
12. How Big Data Impact on IT
13. Future of Big Data
Introduction
Big Data may well be the Next Big Thing in the IT world.
Big data burst upon the scene in the first decade of the 21st century.
The first organizations to embrace it were online and startup firms.
Firms like Google, eBay, LinkedIn, and Facebook were built around big data from the
beginning.
Like many new information technologies, big data can bring about dramatic cost reductions,
substantial improvements in the time required to perform a computing task, or new
product and service offerings.
What is BIG DATA?
‘Big Data’ is similar to ‘small data’, but bigger in size
but having data bigger it requires different approaches:
Techniques, tools and architecture
an aim to solve new problems or old problems in a better way
Big Data generates value from the storage and processing of very large quantities of
digital information that cannot be analyzed with traditional computing techniques.
What is BIG DATA
Walmart handles more than 1 million customer transactions
every hour.
• Facebook handles 40 billion photos from its user base.
• Decoding the human genome originally took 10years to
process; now it can be achieved in one week.
Three Characteristics of Big Data V3s
Volume Velocity Variety
• Data • Data • Data
quantity Speed Types
Three Characteristics of Big Data V5s
1st Character of Big Data
Volume
•A typical PC might have had 10 gigabytes of storage in 2000.
•Today, Facebook ingests 500 terabytes of new data every day.
•Boeing 737 will generate 240 terabytes of flight data during a single flight across the
US.
• The smart phones, the data they create and consume; sensors embedded into
everyday objects will soon result in billions of new, constantly-updated data feeds
containing environmental, location, and other information, including video.
1st Character of Big Data
Volume
2nd Character of Big Data
Velocity
Click streams and ad impressions capture user behavior at
millions of events per second
high-frequency stock trading algorithms reflect market changes
within microseconds
machine to machine processes exchange data between billions
of devices
infrastructure and sensors generate massive log data in real-
time
on-line gaming systems support millions of concurrent users,
each producing multiple inputs per second.
3rd Character of Big Data
Variety
Big Data isn't just numbers, dates, and strings. Big
Data is also geospatial data, 3D data, audio and video,
and unstructured text, including log files and social
media.
Traditional database systems were designed to
address smaller volumes of structured data, fewer
updates or a predictable, consistent data structure.
Big Data analysis includes different types of data
3rd Character of Big Data
Variety
Big Data can be structured, unstructured, and semi-
structured that are being collected from different sources. Data
will only be collected from databases and sheets in the past, But
these days the data will comes in array forms, that are PDFs,
Emails, audios, SM posts, photos, videos, etc
4rd Character of Big Data
Value
Value is an essential characteristic of big data. It is not
the data that we process or store. It
is valuable and reliable data that we store, process,
and also analyze.
5rd Character of Big Data
Veracity
Veracity means how much the data is reliable. It has
many ways to filter or translate the data. Veracity is
the process of being able to handle and manage data
efficiently. Big Data is also essential in business
development.
For example, Facebook posts with hashtags.
Storing Big Data
Analyzing your data characteristics
Selecting data sources for analysis
Eliminating redundant data
Establishing the role of NoSQL
Overview of Big Data stores
Data models: key value, graph, document, column-family
Hadoop Distributed File System
HBase
Hive
Selecting Big Data stores
Choosing the correct data stores based on your data characteristics
Moving code to data
Implementing polyglot data store solutions
Aligning business goals to the appropriate data store
Processing Big Data
Integrating disparate data stores Employing Hadoop MapReduce
Mapping data to the programming Creating the components of Hadoop
framework
MapReduce jobs
Connecting and extracting data from storage
Distributing data processing across
Transforming data for processing
server farms
Subdividing data in preparation for Hadoop
Executing Hadoop MapReduce jobs
MapReduce
Monitoring the progress of job flows
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The Structure of Big Data
Structured
• Most traditional data
sources
Semi-structured
• Many sources of big data
Unstructured
• Video data, audio data
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Why Big Data
• Growth of Big Data is needed
– Increase of storage capacities
– Increase of processing power
– Availability of data(different data types)
– Every day we create 2.5 quintillion bytes of
data; 90% of the data in the world today has
been created in the last two years alone
Why Big Data
•FB generates 10TB daily
•Twitter generates 7TB of
data
Daily
•IBM claims 90% of today’s
stored data was generated
in just the last two years.
How Is Big Data
Different?
1) Automatically generated by a machine
(e.g. Sensor embedded in an engine)
2) Typically an entirely new source of data
(e.g. Use of the internet)
3) Not designed to be friendly
(e.g. Text streams)
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4) May not have much values
• Need to focus on the important part
Big Data sources
Users
Application Large and growing files
(Big data files)
Systems
Sensors
Big Data Analytics
Examining large amount of data
Appropriate information
Identification of hidden patterns, unknown correlations
Competitive advantage
Better business decisions: strategic and operational
Effective marketing, customer satisfaction, increased revenue
Types of tools used in Big-
Data
Where processing is hosted?
Distributed Servers / Cloud (e.g. Amazon EC2)
Where data is stored?
Distributed Storage (e.g. Amazon S3)
What is the programming model?
Distributed Processing (e.g. MapReduce)
How data is stored & indexed?
High-performance schema-free databases (e.g. MongoDB)
What operations are performed on data?
Analytic / Semantic Processing
Application Of Big Data analytics
Smarter Multi-
Healthcar channel
e sales
Homeland Telecom
Security
Trading
Traffic Analytics
Control
Search
Manufacturin Quality
g
Risks of Big Data
• Will be so overwhelmed
• Need the right people and solve the right problems
• Costs escalate too fast
• Isn’t necessary to capture 100%
• Many sources of big data
is privacy
• self-regulation
• Legal regulation 27
Leading Technology
Vendors
Example Vendors Commonality
• MPP architectures
IBM – Netezza • Commodity Hardware
EMC – Greenplum • RDBMS based
• Full SQL compliance
Oracle – Exadata
How Big data impacts on
IT
• Big data is a troublesome force presenting opportunities with
challenges to IT organizations.
By 2015 4.4 million IT jobs in Big Data ; 1.9 million is in US itself
India will require a minimum of 1 lakh data scientists in the next
couple of years in addition to data analysts and data managers to
support the Big Data space.
Potential Value of Big
Data
$300 billion potential annual
value to US health care.
$600 billion potential annual
consumer surplus from using
personal location data.
60% potential in retailers’
operating margins.
India – Big Data
Gaining attraction
Huge market opportunities for IT services
(82.9% of revenues) and analytics firms
(17.1 % )
Current market size is $200 million. By 2015 $1
billion
The opportunity for Indian service providers lies
in offering services around Big Data
implementation and analytics for global
multinationals
Benefits of Big Data
•Real-time big data isn’t just a process for storing petabytes or
exabytes of data in a data warehouse, It’s about the ability to
make better decisions and take meaningful actions at the right
time.
•Fast forward to the present and technologies like Hadoop give
you the scale and flexibility to store data before you know how
you are going to process it.
•Technologies such as MapReduce,Hive and Impala enable you
to run queries without changing the data structures underneath.
Benefits of Big Data
Our newest research finds that organizations are using big data to target
customer-centric outcomes, tap into internal data and build a better information
ecosystem.
Big Data is already an important part of the $64 billion database and data
analytics market
It offers commercial opportunities of a comparable
scale to enterprise software in the late 1980s
And the Internet boom of the 1990s, and the social media explosion of today.
Future of Big Data
$15 billion on software firms only specializing in data
management and analytics.
This industry on its own is worth more than $100
billion and growing at almost 10% a year which is
roughly twice as fast as the software business as a
whole.
In February 2012, the open source analyst firm
Wikibon released the first market forecast for Big
Data , listing $5.1B revenue in 2012 with growth to
$53.4B in 2017
The McKinsey Global Institute estimates that data
volume is growing 40% per year, and will grow 44x
between 2009 and 2020.
Thank You
Dr.Abdelrazig Suliman 35
