C SS - A P P L I E D
C R I MI N O LO G Y
COMMUNITY
POLICING
WHAT IS COMMUNITY
POLICING?
• “COMMUNITY POLICING IS A PHILOSOPHY THAT PROMOTES
ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES THAT SUPPORT THE SYSTEMATIC
USE OF PARTNERSHIPS AND PROBLEM-SOLVING TECHNIQUES TO
PROACTIVELY ADDRESS THE IMMEDIATE CONDITIONS THAT GIVE
RISE TO PUBLIC SAFETY ISSUES SUCH AS CRIME, SOCIAL
DISORDER, AND FEAR OF CRIME.
-US DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
SUBSTANTIAL POINTS
• COMMUNITY POLICING IS NOT A PARTICULAR STRATEGY, BUT A BROAD POLICING
PHILOSOPHY THAT MIGHT INCLUDE VARIOUS ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES;
• ENGAGING A BROAD SPECTRUM OF COMMUNITY IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNITY POLICING, THEREFORE, LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES MUST
STRIVE HARD TO BUILD RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE COMMUNITY MEMBERS;
• COMMUNITY POLICING IS A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH THAT, THROUGH PARTNERSHIPS
AND SYSTEMATIC USE OF PROBLEM SOLVING, ADDRESSES THE ROOT CAUSES OF PROBLEM,
AND NOT JUST THE SYMPTOMS OF THE PROBLEM;
• COMMUNITY POLICING IS PROACTIVE, UNLIKE THE REACTIVE NATURE OF TRADITIONAL
POLICING;
• THE FOCUS OF COMMUNITY POLICING IS ON BUILDING PARTNERSHIPS WITH THE
COMMUNITY NOT MERELY FOR ADDRESSING CRIME BUT ALSO FOR TACKLING SOCIAL
DISORDER AND FEAR OF CRIME PREVALENT IN THE COMMUNITY.
WHAT IS A COMMUNITY?
• A GROUP OF PEOPLE LIVING TOGETHER IN A CERTAIN AREA,
PRACTICING COMMON OWNERSHIP AND HAVING PARTICULAR
RESPONSIBILITIES AND INTERESTS IN COMMON.
• EVERY COMMUNITY POSSESSES
Interest of
Leaders
peace
BIG SIX IN THE COMMUNITY
FOR C.P
Community Other Media –
Police Elected The business
including agencies like electronic
department officials community
everyone NGOs and print
STRATEGIES OF COMMUNITY
POLICING
Modificati
Preparato Implement Evaluatio
ation
on/
ry n
expansion
STAGE NO.1 - PREPARATORY
PARAMETERS OF
PARTNERSHIP
Business
Media
community
partnership partnership
Non
Government
governmenta
partnership
STAGE NO.1 - PREPARATORY
STAGE NO.02 –
IMPLEMENTATION
STAGE NO.02 – IMPLEMENTATION
STAGE NO. 03- EVALUATION
Process evaluation
The process evaluation can focus on the following areas:
• Were the planned interventions put into place in order to minimize
car theft?
• Were hotspots mapped with the latest data updated on frequent
basis?
• Were street lights fixed and all dark parking areas illuminated?
• How many cars parked on streets installed car security alarms as
advised?
• How many suspects were on the list and were their activities
monitored?
• How many offenders were arrested and persistent offenders
prosecuted?
STAGE NO. 03- EVALUATION
Outcome/Impact Evaluation
Impact evaluation is aimed to examine the overall impact of the community
policing program in achieving its objectives at the culmination of the project. In
simple words, impact evaluation looks at whether the problem declined? And was
it the response that caused the decline? Both quantitative and qualitative
indicators need to be taken into account while conducting an outcome/impact
evaluation. For example, if the objective of the community policing initiative is to
reduce car theft, the outcome/impact evaluation can focus on the following
questions:
• What is the overall reduction in car thefts?
• Are there certain specific areas that have witnessed greater decline in car
thefts?
• In case of multiple strategies in different areas, which strategy worked best?
• Was the program more successful with certain group of people than others?
STAGE NO:04 - MODIFICATION / EXPANSION
• THE DECISION TO MODIFY, HALT OR EXPAND COMMUNITY POLICING PROGRAM
DEPENDS UPON THE FINDINGS OF THE EVALUATION.
• EVALUATION REQUIRES THAT ALL THE STAKEHOLDERS OF COMMUNITY POLICING
PROGRAMS ARE INVOLVED IN THE REVIEW PROCESS.
• THE REVIEW SHOULD ACCOMMODATE STAKEHOLDERS’ PERSPECTIVES AND SHOULD
ENSURE THAT RESULTS OF THE EVALUATION OF ALL THE STAGES OF COMMUNITY
POLICING INITIATIVE ARE SHARED AND THOROUGHLY DISCUSSED WITH THE
COMMUNITY.
• ONCE A MASTER AND WELL KNITTED PLAN IS RE-CONSTRUCTED IT SHOULD BE
EXPANDED AND FOLLOWED.
MODELS OF COMMUNITY
POLICING
Collaborati Command
ve model model
Co-operation between • Police command representation in the
community
department and community • Direct involvement of police CP Offrs
representatives
COMMUNITY POLICING IN
PAKISTAN
• SECTION 168 OF POLICE ORDER 2002:
-THE GOVERNMENT MAY ESTABLISH CITIZEN POLICE LIAISON COMMITTEES AS VOLUNTARY,
SELF FINANCING AND AUTONOMOUS BODIES, IN CONSULTATION WITH NATIONAL PUBLIC
SAFETY COMMISSION OR PROVINCIAL PUBLIC SAFETY COMMISSION, AS THE CASE MAY BE,
FOR–
• TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING OF PUBLIC SAFETY COMMISSION;
• DEVELOPING MECHANISM FOR LIAISON BETWEEN AGGRIEVED CITIZENS AND POLICE FOR
PROVIDING RELIEF; AND
• ASSISTANCE TO PUBLIC SAFETY COMMISSIONS, POLICE COMPLAINTS AUTHORITY AND
THE POLICE FOR THE EXPEDITIOUS AND JUDICIOUS DISCHARGE OF THEIR DUTIES.
BENEFITS OF COMMUNITY
POLICING
Enhanced Community Enhanced
Better
community – policing is safety and
integrated
police democratic in morale of
community
relationship action police
Enhanced
Less costly Reduced fear
intelligence
than traditional of crime in
based
policing society
information
FOR ANY QUERIES
HAMZA KHALID BHATTI
0306-5523621
[email protected]