1

ITB 101 – Troubleshooting

Finding Manuals

Bioinstrumentation III: Introduction

Shimelis Nigusu (MSc, BSc)

May,2020AY
 2

Manuals
• Why do we need them?
• How do we use them?
• In your hospitals, who has them?
– Are they all in one central location?
– Or are they kept by each individual department?
• What percentage of the equipment in your
hospitals has manuals?
– Does donated equipment usually come with manuals?
• What do you do when you don’t have an
equipment’s manual?
 3

Manuals
• Service manuals
• Operator’s manuals
• Spare parts lists
• Etc...
 4

Troubleshooting
• Manuals are an important tool in
troubleshooting
• Which parts of GAPI can you use the manual
for?
 5

The Internet
• Is an excellent tool for finding missing manuals
– Search engines
– Online forums (EBME especially)
– Frank’s hospital workshop
– Manufacturer’s websites
– Email requests
– EWH’s BMET Library
 6

Google Search
• Other search engines exist as well
– google.com, yahoo.com, bing.com, and ask.com
• Internet research is a skill
– Need to know how to enter keywords to get the
information you need
• Advanced search
– Useful to refine search results
 7

Advanced search
• How to get to it?
– Google search “Google advanced search”, click on first
link
– www.google.com/advanced_search
• Has 2 parts
– Left side = the search
– Right side = shortcuts to do same search directly from
google search bar
8
9
 10

Google translate
• Can translate lots of things
– Single words
– Full text
– Documents
– Webpages
• Google translate is quite new, so still not
perfect
– But it’s a good start and may give you clues to help
understand a document
 11

Translate a webpage
• If you are using Google chrome, the browser
will ask you if you want to translate the page
 12

Translate text or a website

 13

Translate a document
 14

Useful website and resources

• Wikipedia
• Google books
• Frank’s Hospital workshop
• EBME
• Product manufacturers
– And distributers
• Used medical equipment vendors
• Clinical Engineering Bank
 15

• http://
www.mhra.gov.uk/Publications/Safetywarnings/
MedicalDeviceAlerts/index.htm
• http://
www.rezanajafi.co.uk/Pages/BiomedicalEngineeri
ngWebsite.aspx
• http://www.opsi.gov.uk/SI/si2002/20020618.htm
• http://
www.rezanajafi.co.uk/Pages/BiomedicalEngineeri
ngUniversities.aspx
• Each other
[email protected] (need to set up)
Capture class names and emails from roster
 16

Using bookmarks
• How do we keep track of useful sites?
• Can use bookmarks, or favorites in our web
browser
– Store specific websites in one place on your
browser
• Go through adding a bookmark to Google
Chrome
 17

Wikipedia
• Free, open-source, online encyclopedia
• Good source for general information
– Good to learn about a topic we are unfamiliar with
– Or refresh your memory on topics you used to
know
– Technical information typically general and basic
• Best used to get an overview of a topic
 18

Google books
• Google has a database of books that is
searchable
– Includes complete books available online, partial
books, and books with only cover and other
details
• Most books are partial books
– Can be useful if the information you need is in the
available portion of one of the books
 19

Frank’s Hospital Workshop

• www.frankshospitalworkshop.com
– Incredibly valuable resource for BMETs
• Equipment section of the site
– Information on a wide variety of equipment
– Manuals for download
• Organization section
– Links to more documents and resources on
equipment repair
 20

EBME Forum
• Largest biomedical forum online for sharing
technical information and advice
– Has a specific forum for service manuals
– And technical assistance
 21

What is a forum?
• “An Internet forum, or message board, is an
online discussion site, where users can post
messages or posts or reply to others.
• Posts and replies are organized in threads.
Depending on the forum set-up, posts may
need to be approved by a moderator before
they become visible.”
22
23
 24

Side note: Why learn English?

• Because the Internet is (mostly) in English
• EBME website visitors, by country:
 25

Register for an account

• Can see the content without an account
• But need to register in order to be able to
write to, search, and interact with the forum
 26

• The next page shows the terms of use of the website

and forum. These explain the rules and regulations
to participate. You may read through them, and
some of the main points to keep in mind are:
– EBME does not guarantee that all the content is correct
– EBME can delete objectionable content for any reason.
– You agree not to post anything false or abusive
– You agree not to post any copyrighted content unless you
own the copyright
– You do not type in ALL CAPS
– Don’t use your company name when registering.
• After reviewing the rules, select “I accept the Board
Rules.” and then “Proceed”.
 27

• You should receive an email like the one below

• Don’t do anything yet
 28

• Wait for email that says your registration has

been approved
 29

• Now go back to the first email you got

• Click on the link which says, “To activate this
account, you must first click this link”
• Put in your username and password info
• Then try to log in
 30

Using the forum

 31

Using the forum

• Two most useful parts of the forum are
“Technical assistance” and “service manuals”
• Each “thread” or conversation covers one
topic
– Title is usually the model of the device
• Search through the forum before posting a
new topic
 Search the forum
32

• Use EBME’s search bar

 Creating new thread
33

• If you can’t find what you’re looking for, you

can create a new thread
• Click on the topic you want
• Then click “New Topic”
– Top right-hand corner
34
35
 36

Following a thread
• Forum sends you an email notification
whenever someone responds to the thread
you’re following
• Click on “Topic Options,” select “Add Topic to
your Watched Topics”
 37

My Stuff
• You can organize your watched threads in the
“My Stuff” tab
• Can also see private messages
• And which users you follow
 38

Following users
• Click on the user’s name to go to their profile
• Then click on “Add to Watched Users”
 39

Suppliers
 40

Used medical equipment vendors

• pemed.com, dotmed.com, medwow.com
• Can be a good resource
– For research makes and models of equipment
currently available and their prices
• Might be able to sometimes find service
manuals on these sites
– Or by contacting the sellers on these sites and see
if they are willing to share the manual
 41

Clinical Engineering Bank

 42

Each other
• Your classmates are an incredible resource
too!
– And the group 1 students as well
• [email protected]
– Sending an email to this address sends an email to
all of your personal emails
– Can use for class and work
– “Reply all” to keep everyone in the loop
 43

SAFE MAINTENANCE & REPAIR ACTIVITIES

• Maintenance and safety

• Maintenance and reliability is important
• Maintenance and product quality
• Maintenance and productivity
• Maintenance and supply chain
• Failure cause disruption, waste, accident,
inconvenience and expensive.
Working on electrically-powered equipment.
Deenergized, locked and tagged
- removed only by who installed

Work on power circuits.

Deenergized, locked and tagged
- removed only by who installed
- hot work only by equipped and qualified

Procedures during repairs or maintenance.

Off, locked and blocked
 ELECTRICAL-MECHANICAL
ACCIDENTS

 ELECTRICAL  MECHANICAL
 Electrical Shock  Caught in Moving
 Thermal Arc Flash Machinery
Burns  Serious Injuries
 Thermal Blowouts
 Disabling Injuries
 Disabling Injuries
 Loss of Limb
 ELECTROCUTION
 DEATH
 What are things YOU can do?
· Establish safe work procedures:
· Incorporate manufacturer's recommendations
· Assure workers are not exposed to hazards when
performing maintenance or repair.

· Identify ALL the hazards and correct them……

before starting the work.
More things YOU can do….
 Ensure that all workers are task trained.
 Keep training up-to-date & current.
 Ensure and follow established safe work
procedures.
 Analyze the job before starting work.
 Prior to beginning work, clear the area of trip and
fall hazards.
 Stay focused for your own safety and for the
safety of your fellow workers.
 Double check everything yourself, if necessary.
 48

Develop a Maintenance Plan

For each piece of equipment establish routine
maintenance plan to include:
– frequency of all maintenance tasks
– function checks
– routine replacement of parts

Equipment-Module 3
 Question?
• Why do we need maintenance?
• What are the costs of doing maintenance?
• What are the costs of not doing
maintenance?
• What are the benefits of maintenance?
• How can maintenance increase profitability
of company?
 Preventive Maintenance (PM)

• Principle – “Prevention is better than cure”

• Procedure - Stitch-in-time
• It
– locates weak spots of machinery and equipments
– provides them periodic/scheduled inspections and
minor repairs to reduce the danger of unanticipated
breakdowns
 Candidates for Preventive
Maintenance

Frequency of Failure
Good candidates
have more normal
distribution with
low variability

Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF)

 52

Create an Equipment Inventory Log

Record:
 instrument type, model number,
serial number
 location in laboratory
 date purchased
 manufacturer and
vendor contact information
 warranty, note expiration date
 spare parts

Equipment-Module 3
 53

Recording Problems
date problem occurred
equipment removed
from service
reason for breakdown or failure

corrective actions taken

date returned to use

change in maintenance or in function checks

Equipment-Module 3
 54

Example of logbook 1

Equipment-Module 3
 55

Example of logbook 2

Equipment-Module 3
 56

Activity 1
Scenario
“The reader fails while performing ELISA / EIA
tests. There isn’t a documented procedure
for troubleshooting, the maintenance log has
not been updated for 2 years, and the
manufacturer’s instructions are missing.”

 What you would do if this happened in your

Company/Hospital?
 What should you have done before ?

Equipment-Module 3