CHAPTER 2:
DEVELOPMENT AND
ADMINISTRATION
OF TESTS
LESSON 4:
PLANNING A
WRITTEN TEST
• Why do you need to
define the test
objectives or learning
outcomes targeted for
assessment?
• What are the objectives
for testing?
What is a table of
specifications?
• Sometimes called a test blueprint, is a tool used by
teachers to design a test.
• It is a table that maps out the test objectives,
contents, or topics by covered by the test; the
levels of cognitive behavior to be measured; the
distribution of items, number, placement, and
weights of test items; and the test format.
• It helps ensure the course’s intended learning
outcomes, assessments , and instruction are
aligned.
The test TOS is important
because it does the
following:
• Ensures that instructional objectives
and what the test captures match
• Ensures that the test developer will
not overlook details that are
considered essential to a good test
• Makes developing a test easier and
more efficient
• Ensures that the test will
sample all important content
areas and processes
• Is useful in planning and
organizing
• Offers and opportunity for
teachers and students to
clarify achievement
Steps in developing a
table of specifications:
1.Determine the objectives of
the test.
• Test objectives should be based on
the instructional objectives
• 3 types of objectives: cognitive,
affective and psychomotor
2. Determine the coverage of
the test.
• Only topics or contents that
have been discussed in class
and are relevant should be
included in the test.
3. Calculate the
weight for each
topic.
Time spent divided by
total number of time
spent multiplied by total
weight
4. Determine the number of items for
the whole test.
-the amount of time to answer the items
are considered.
5.Determine the number of items per
topic.
- weight divided by total weight
multiplied by total items
Example: 10/100x50 = 5
Different formats of a test table of
specifications:
1.One-Way TOS – maps out the content or topic,
test objectives, number of hours spent, and
format, number, and placement of items.
2.Two-Way TOS – a two-way TOS reflects not only
the content, time spent, and number of items but
also the levels of cognitive behavior targeted per
test content based on the theory behind cognitive
testing.
3.Three-Way TOS- this type of TOS reflects the
features of one-way and two-way TOS.
Lesson 5:
Construction of
Written Test
Major Categories and Formats of Traditional Tests
• Selected-Response Tests require learners to choose the
correct answer or best alternative from several choices.
• Multiple Choice Test
• True-False or Alternative Response Test
• Matching-Type Test
• Constructed-Response Tests require learners to supply
answers to a given question or problems
• Short Answer Test
• Completion
• Identification
• Enumeration
• Essay Test
• Problem-Solving Test
(REFER TO PHOTOS SENT IN GC)
• General guidelines in writing Multiple-
Choice Test items
• General guidelines in writing Matching-
Type items
• General guidelines in writing True or
False items
• General guidelines in writing Short-
Answer Test items
• General guidelines in writing Essay Tests
• General guidelines in writing Problem-
Solving Test items
THANK YOU
