AFFIRMATION
“As a Christ-centered
Paulinian, I am a Cutting-
edge, Resilient VISIONARY
and INNOVATOR,
demonstrating my creativity
and charism”.
Subject Orientation
Science, Technology
and Society
(STS)
Subject Orientation
COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course deals with interactions between science and technology
and social, cultural, political, and economic contexts that shape and are
shaped by them (CMO No.20,2013).
This interdisciplinary course engages students to confront the
realities brought about by science and technology in society. Such
realities pervade the personal, the public, and the global aspects of our
living and are integral to human development. Scientific and
technological development happen in the context of society with all its
socio-political, cultural, economic, and philosophical underpinnings at
play. This course seeks to instill reflective knowledge in the students that
they are able to live the good life and display ethical decision making
Atthe end of the chapter, the students should be
Learning
able to: Outcomes
1.
identify the importance of studying
science,
technology and society;
2.explain how science and technology
relates
to a problem of societal concern; and
THE CHALLENGE OF SCIENCE
1. the great minds in the past (astronomers)- like Galileo Galilei, Nicolaus
Copernicus, & other scientists
a. Is earth the center of the universe with the sun and all other planets revolving around
it?
b. Is earth just one of the other planets revolving around the sun while rotating
in its own axis?
2. Man’s belief of the Bible – (Joshua 10:13) “the sun stood still”
3. The way man views himself - ” Am I really part of the center of the universe?
4.The origin of man
a. Is man really a product of natural processes such as evolution?
b. Is man miraculously created by a Supernatural Divine Being?
This again challenged man what to take in and believe and how he would view
himself and others.
Science and technology affected the way man sees himself and also the way he lives.
Electricity- has lighted many homes
Transportation – becomes faster with the
coming
of trains, planes, and cars
Communication – was eased by the
invention of
telegraph and telephone
Farm tractors – made farming easier and
faster
Many different machines – have replaced manual
labor
Different diseases – which seemed untreatable
HERESY TRIAL AND CONVICTION
In 1632, Galileo published a book that compared Ptolemy’s
and Copernicus’s ideas. The book concluded that
Copernicus was right. Galileo was ordered to go to Rome
and stand trial for heresy (holding ideas opposed to church
teachings). Galileo was forced to say that Copernicus was
wrong. Galileo was sentenced to life in prison. He was old
and sick, so instead they kept him inside his house. In 1992,
Pope John Paul II said the church was wrong to convict
Galileo of heresy.
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All
rights reserved.
THE EFFECTS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY TO THE SOCIETY
In 2011 to 2015, Research and Development as
component of project planning of the Department of
Science and Technology (DOST) got the highest allocation
with P1.433B in 2011 to P3.802B in 2015 – an average of
16.2% increase every year (DOST, 2015).
Reason:
Because of the significant role research and
development have in industrialization and
commercialization
Positive Effects:
1. great help in the economic growth of any progressing
nation
2. improved man’s way of life
Negative Effects:
1. Air, water, and land become polluted which in turn caused man
health problems.
2. Imbalance in the ecosystem which causes other species to be
extinct causing changes in the environment and the climate as well.
3. Men have become more fearless in their pursuit for riches and power
because of the creation of different destructive devices like guns,
explosives, and nuclear power (have caused man to be even more
dangerous).
THE BIG CHALLENGE…
You are invited to be responsible citizens of the country by
making yourself aware of how S&T is bringing about change.
FACE TO FACE WITH SCIENCE
SCIENCE – the investigation of the physical world in which experiments
are rendered in order to explain matters of concern.(Understanding Science, n.d.)
Merriam-Webster Dictionary:
SCIENCE is a knowledge involving general truths and general laws
that is taken from a systematized study which is
concerned with evidences and theories.
Face to Face with Science:
Four Characteristics that categorize something as science
1. FOCUSES ON THE NATURAL WORLD
a. main concern is the physical world – animal, plants, rocks, man, and
all other matter
Science is not concerned with supernatural world which cannot be tested
and is not governed by the laws of the natural world.
(Understanding Science, n.d.)
For science to be science, it has to be
proven experiments.
Science aims to explain and provide more understanding of
the natural
world.
- a continuous study of the physical world to look for
evidences
that could prove something
Goal: to see how something works and see the components that
make
up the area being studied.
Findings can change after time depending on the new
evidences that may arise but all scientific idea is said to be
reliable because before it could get scientific acceptance, it
first has to be supported with a number of evidences.
(Understanding Science, n.d.)
2. GOES THROUGH EXPERIMENTS
Science subjects any matter to experimentation.
Something has to be tested and should arrive at
a number of consistent observations so it could
be taken as true.
Anything that cannot be subjected to
experimentation and could not give any
observable data cannot be regarded as science.
(Understanding Science, n.d.)
For science to be science, it has to be proven
by experiments.
3. RELIES ON EVIDENCE
Evidences –will support the truthfulness of
something
If something is tested only once or by just one
group that can be taken of as a bias.
Evidences that are relevant to the matter being
studied are what scientists are looking for to
confirm something to be of science.
(Understanding Science, n.d.)
4. PASSES THROUGH THE SCIENTIFIC
COMMUNITY
Science requires a number of consistent
evidences for it not to be biased, it has to go
through different groups or people who would
qualify the idea.
Scientist works with people of different expertise
to check on different angles concerning the
matter of study. (Understanding Science, n.d.)
Scienceis always trying to understand and
explain the natural world.
Theway that it is being understood may
change over time as the society also changes.
Scientificexperimentations and processes
may vary as changes with the concerns in the
society take place, as communication and
technology advances, and as further
discoveries and understandings are
achieved by science.
FACE TO FACE WITH TECHNOLOGY
Knowledge of the atomic nucleus has been applied in many different ways :
atomic nuclear medical imaging weapon
structure power
When science and technology is being
discussed, people usually connect it with
machines and tools.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FUSED
TOGETHER
discovery of
electron
discovery of
atomic nucleus Invention of TV
Science and technology is
too connected that it is hard
to distinguish where one
ends and the other begins.
discovery of
image monitor of many
cathode ray tube
sorts
WHERE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IS TAKING
THE SOCIETY
Society may
seem to be
dependent on
science and
technology but it
is the society
that decides
what happens to
Science and technology in itself cannot and would not exist
without the society.
It is the society that: 1. allows for the discoveries and
inventions to take place
2. decides how science and technologies
is to be utilized
And yet society needs science and technology in order
to continue on.
National progress now relies so much on science and
technology in the area of industry, health care, national
security, and environmental protection.
THE CHALLENGE
The risks and dangers that come with it should not
be taken lightly and accepted blindly.
Every one should have keen eyes and observe
closely where science and technology is taking the
society.
Be the guardians of the society. Be partakers in
keeping the balance between the benefits and
dangers of science and technology.
Assessment
Figure 1. “Myths of Science” quiz.
Directions:
Each statement below is about science. Some statements are true and some are false. On the line in front o
each statement, write a “T” if it is true and an “F” if false. Then support your response to each statement
with at least one paragraph on a separate sheet of paper.
___ 1. Science is a system of beliefs.
___ 2. Most scientists are men because males are better at scientific thinking.
___ 3. Scientists rely heavily on imagination to carry out their work.
___ 4. Scientists are totally objective in their work.
___ 5. The scientific method is the accepted guide for conducting research.
___ 6. Experiments are carried out to prove cause-and-effect relationships.
___ 7. All scientific ideas are discovered and tested by controlled experiments.
___ 8. A hypothesis is an educated guess.
___ 9. When a theory has been supported by a great deal of scientific evidence, it becomes a law
___ 10. Scientific ideas are tentative and can be modified or disproved, but never proved
___ 11. Technology preceded science in the history of civilization.
___ 12. In time, science can solve most of society’s problems.
What I What my
thought partner What we decided
Problem about the thought about to share
topic the topic
1.Why do you think the
society readily accept
the benefits of
science and
technology even
though negative
results also come out
from them?
2. How is science and
technology affecting the
growth of a nation?
3. As a student of S&T, how
can you be guardians of
the society? Cite concrete
1. Assignment
Make a graphic organizer on the historical timeline of science and
technology (fish bone) in a long bond paper. Submit online.
2. ASSIGNMENT for chapter 2
Materials needed:
1 piece of 1/8 illustration board
Coloring or art materials
Ruler
Pentel pen