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  1. Lung abscess is typically managed by performing abscess drainage. While pulmonary resection effectively controls infection, its role in eliminating necrotic tissue remains debatable due to risks such as bleedi...

    Authors: Po-Keng Su, Shun-Mao Yang, Cheng-Hung How, Chao-Yu Liu, Ka-I Leong, Jei-Kuo Lin and San-Fang Chou
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:488
  2. Ventral hernias are a common surgical challenge for general surgeons and several techniques have been described to repair it. The mesh positioning for the repair is a factor frequently mentioned as a major con...

    Authors: Allison Cascante-Gutiérrez, Jesús Martínez-Hoed, José Angel Ortiz-Cubero, Bueno-Lledó José and Salvador Pous-Serrano
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:487
  3. Pilonidal disease is a common sacrococcygeal cyst or sinus that can significantly impact patients’ quality of life, necessitating an analysis of evolving treatments to optimize patient outcomes. This review co...

    Authors: Kimia Jazi, Amirhossein Larijani, Marzieh Rahimi, Erfan Rajabi, Pouya Karami Dehkordi, Fatemeh Askari Yazdian, Naeim Norouzi, Abolfazl Nikkhoy and Babak Sabet
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:486
  4. CR-POPF following PD are very common. The Majority of research on predicting CR-POPF focuses on pre-operation, while there are few indicators for predicting CR-POPF in the early postoperative period. The purpo...

    Authors: Hongbiao Han, Zhicheng Wang, Zhichao Zhang, Xiliang Qin, Qidong Chen, Xiaosi Hu, Yong Wang, Hongtao Pan, Huichun Liu, Chao Zhu, Shilei Chen, Shuai Zhou, Qing Pang and Hao Jin
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:485
  5. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is a complex bariatric surgical procedure that demands advanced technical skills. However, traditional training models (virtual simulators, cadavers, and porcine o...

    Authors: Jianfu Xia, Minjun Xia, ZhiHao Zhu, Junjie Wu, Jinglei Mao, Xiaoping Peng, Shijie Yu, Menghui Zhou, Sidney Moses Amadi, Feng Chen, Fei Zhao, Maimaitiaili Maimaitiming, Aikebaier Aili, Wah Yang, Kelimu Abudureyimu and Zhifei Wang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:484
  6. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of postoperative shoulder imbalance (PSI), evaluate the role of upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) selection on postoperative shoulder balance and identify the ...

    Authors: Chenkai Li, Xinwei Wang, Bingtai Han, You Du, Yiwei Zhao, Xiaohan Ye, Jianxiong Shen, Shengru Wang and Terry Jianguo Zhang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:483
  7. Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is a life-threatening infection associated with high mortality and often necessitates urgent surgical intervention. Vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) has emerged as a promising adjunct to ...

    Authors: Xinjian Li, Yuru Zhang, Fang Xiong, Jiayan Li, Shunli Qi, Qingbo Wang, Shijia Mu, Di Cao, Shuo Niu, Wei Liu, Liancheng Liu and Zhongtao Zhang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:481
  8. The sigmoid gallbladder is a rare anatomic variant characterized by an S-shaped curve in its structure, often stemming from abnormal embryonic development during gestation. This anomaly complicates surgical pr...

    Authors: Abduletif Haji-Ababor Abagojam, Merid Lemma Kebede, Linda Zhang and Kedir Negesso Tukeni
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:480
  9. Preclinical animal models that are simple, reproducible, and capable of partially mimicking the pathophysiological features of clinical diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are essential for advancing research on refra...

    Authors: Zhiyuan Liu, Ronghua Li, Yanji Zhang, Fang Qi, Mulan Qahar, Jing Liu, Guangchao Xu, Zairong Wei and Chengliang Deng
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:479
  10. There is paucity of data on the outcomes and factors affecting the outcomes of patients with secondary peritonitis in developing countries especially Ethiopia. We studied these groups of patients to determine ...

    Authors: Eskindir Molla, Zeki Abubeker, Eskinder Amare and Nathnael Gebeyehu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:478
  11. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard for gallbladder surgery but may require conversion to open surgery in complicated cases. While preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) is known to reflect i...

    Authors: Parham Khoshdani Farahani and Shakiba Khosravi Nejat
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:476
  12. To investigate the potential risk factors influencing the pedicle screw placement deviation of robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF).

    Authors: Tianci Yang, Beixi Bao, Hui Yan, Yuxuan Wu, Xiaokang Cheng, Chunyang Xu, Yang Ye, Haoran Zhang and Jiaguang Tang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:475
  13. Bariatric surgery can decrease cardiovascular risk because of its effects on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors such as dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. It has been h...

    Authors: Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Elaheh Mirhadi, Željko Reiner, Saheem Ahmad, Bodor Bin Sheeha, Safia Obaidur Raba, Wael Almahmeed and Amirhossein Sahebkar
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:474
  14. Consistent outcome assessment in surgical research, from early phase studies (during introduction and refinement of new procedures) to late phase studies (to establish comparative effectiveness) needs improvem...

    Authors: Christin Hoffmann, Emma Sewart, Susanna Dodd, Sarah L. Gorst, Jane M. Blazeby, Kerry N. L. Avery, Shelley Potter and Rhiannon C. Macefield
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:473
  15. Incarcerated femoral hernia often requires urgent surgical intervention, yet the optimal approach remains debated. Open surgery—particularly the transrectus sheath preperitoneal procedure (TREPP)—is commonly u...

    Authors: An Zhang, Haisong Xu, Wenhao Huang, Peng Zhang, Yuehua Guo and Tianchong Wu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:472
  16. Obesity has become a global health crisis, with bariatric surgery being among the most effective interventions for treatment-resistant obesity. One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) has gained popularity for i...

    Authors: Jesús Elías Ortíz-Gómez, Alberto Iván González-Barajas, Jorge Alberto Guevara-Díaz, Javier Mancilla-Galindo, Ashuin Kammar-García and Manuel Alberto Guerrero-Gutierrez
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:471
  17. To investigate the effect of abdominal drain on the incidence of surgical site infection undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis in adults.

    Authors: Hao Lu, Shikuan Li, Dawei Zhang, Shengqiang Wang, Hairui Liu, Chengzhi Wang and Honghao Peng
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:470
  18. Postoperative complications remain a major concern in laryngeal cancer surgery, often requiring invasive interventions or intensive care. This study aimed to develop and validate an interpretable machine learn...

    Authors: Changling Li, Chenyang Xu, Jinzhuang Xu, Wenhua Song, Zhenbin Yu, Ziwei Zhang, Dongmin Wei, Wenming Li, Ye Qian and Dapeng Lei
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:469
  19. A persistent fever following cardiovascular surgery presents a significant clinical challenge and often leads to adverse patient outcomes. This study aims to develop a nomogram predictive model for persistent ...

    Authors: Feng Zang, Guangxu Mao, Ziyao Quan, Yongfeng Shao, Sheng Zhao, Liyun Wang, Zhanjie Li, Zhongqiu You, Lu Liu and Wensen Chen
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:466
  20. Uniportal robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (URATS) has been increasingly adopted in some centers; however, its global acceptance and clinical impact remain uncertain. This study compared the perioperative out...

    Authors: Ting-Fang Kuo, Shuenn-Wen Kuo, Mong-Wei Lin, Ke-Cheng Chen, Pei-Ming Huang and Jang-Ming Lee
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:465
  21. Spontaneous pneumothorax is a common benign disease. Its treatment aims to restore the collapsed lungs, relieve symptoms, and prevent recurrence. Currently, video-assisted thoracoscopic bullectomy combined wit...

    Authors: Kai Yang, Chen Wang, Qi Wang, Yongzhi Liu, Wei Cao, Jinlong Zhang, Haochi Li, Dacheng Jin and Yunjiu Gou
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:464
  22. To investigate the risk factors related to postoperative major complications in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, and to construct and validate a nomogram risk prediction model.

    Authors: Maimaiti Mijiti, Tingting Yuan, Kurexi Adilai, Taati Zhaenhaer and Rui Yan
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:463
  23. Ileal conduit is widely used as a urinary diversion procedure after radical cystectomy. However, ureteroileal anastomotic stricture (UIAS) remains a threatening complication. Here we introduce a novel techniqu...

    Authors: Shijie Zhang, Hao Liang, Lei Liu, Peixin Li, Qingya Yang, Sifeng Qu, Jingchao Liu, Benkang Shi, Nianzhao Zhang and Jun Chen
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:462
  24. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) offers reduced postoperative pain and faster recovery, yet optimal analgesia remains essential. Regional anesthesia techniques, such as the erector spinae plane (ESP...

    Authors: Soner Kına, Güntuğ Batıhan, Hüseyin Türkan and Yekta Bektaş
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:461
  25. Long-segment ureteral stricture secondary to radiotherapy for female pelvic malignancies represents a severe complication, significantly impairing patients’ renal function and quality of life. Despite the ava...

    Authors: Wenqiang Cai, Yan Wang, Xinyan Yan, Pingping Zhou, Xiaqin Huo and Weilin Pu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:460
  26. Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) accompanied by osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) involving the endplate is relatively uncommon and presents therapeutic challenges. This study aims to evaluate t...

    Authors: Qiang Zhang, Zhe Chen, Yazhou Lin, Jianru Qiu, Libo Xu, Wenjian Wu and Yu Liang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:459
  27. Inguinal hernias occur when abdominal contents protrude through the inguinal canal. Laparoscopic repair is often preferred due to reduced postoperative pain, quicker recovery, and bet...

    Authors: Candela Romano, Hugo Silva, Laura A. Gray, Carla Ibarra, William Soto, Lorenzo G. Fernandez, Jorge Vazquez del Real, Rafael Pinto-Colmenarez, Victor Sebastian Arruarana and Daniela Fulginiti
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:458
  28. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy (UBED) in patients with far lateral lumbar disc herniation (FLLDH).

    Authors: Shuo Yuan, Ziqian Ma, Ruiyuan Chen, Aobo Wang, Yu Xi, Tianyi Wang, Ning Fan, Peng Du and Lei Zang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:457
  29. Closed reduction and internal fixation is the key to early and minimally invasive treatment of pelvic fractures in patients with severe trauma. Although the pelvic unlocking closed reduction device has been pr...

    Authors: Jie Chen, Zhuangzhuang Zhang, Yiping Weng, Zhongjie Yu, Rongbin Sun and Yu Zhang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:456
  30. Enhancing the safety of robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RAMIS) is critically dependent on improving the robot’s spatial understanding of the surgical scene. However, the quality of laparoscopic imag...

    Authors: Bo Guan, Jianchang Zhao, Bo Yi and Jianmin Li
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:455
  31. The postoperative recovery of patients with femoral neck fractures is often affected by various factors, and the mechanism of action of liver function status has not yet been fully elucidated. Objectives: It a...

    Authors: Hao Weng, Liang Zhu, Zhu Mei, Mingxian Wu and Qiang Xu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:454
  32. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of two intestinal fecal diversion methods using novel stents to prevent anastomotic leakage after surgery for middle and lower rectal cancer, and to compa...

    Authors: Dayong Wei, Xiong Zhou, Lian Bai and Jia Liu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:453
  33. The main objective of this study was to investigate cervical oesophageal reconstruction by a laryngotracheal flap (LTF) and the management of postoperative pharyngoesophageal stenosis (PES) after the resection...

    Authors: Qian Qiyong, Wang Qinying, Zhou Shuihong and Zhou Minli
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:447
  34. Penetrating Crohn’s disease (CD) is a severe phenotype marked by fistulae, abscesses, and complex intra-abdominal inflammation, often necessitating surgical intervention. Surgical management is particularly ch...

    Authors: Weilin Qi, Wei Liu, Xiaolong Ge and Wei Zhou
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:445
  35. The study was to evaluate the results of the one-stage posterior approach in treating patients with the rare thoracic and lumbar spinous process and vertebral laminae tuberculosis of the spine with incomplete ...

    Authors: Huijun Zhang, Zenghui Lu, Xiaotong Yue, Jinyu Yan and Xiaobin Yang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:444
  36. Abdominal drain-associated fistulas (ADAFs) represent severe complications following gastrointestinal surgery, where conventional surgical reintervention carries invasiveness risks and extended recovery period...

    Authors: Guangxu Zhu, Lingai Kong, Xiuwen Liu, Shengjie Zhou, Shunyao Song, Baoqiang Shan, Youchao Xu, Qihang Sun, Xuren Lu, Qingshun Zhu, Bing Jiang, Cai Xu, Honglei Gao and Jianjun Qu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:439
  37. The use of percutaneous iliosacral screws for the treatment of unstable pelvic ring injuries is highly challenging and typically requires fluoroscopic or navigational guidance. This study aims to introduce a n...

    Authors: Peishuai Zhao, Leyu Liu, Jiaqiang Chen, Renjie Li, Xiaopan Wang and Min Wu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:438
  38. Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair is now widely performed worldwide. However, there is no consensus on the most appropriate surgical operation for inguinal hernia in adult males. This study aims to evaluate ...

    Authors: Zhi-wei Zhang and Chen Shaoji
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:429
  39. Cystic lymphangioma is a benign malformities tumor of the lymphatic system. Its abdominal location is much rarer. We reviewed the cases of giant abdominal cystic lymphangioma managed laparoscopically. We used ...

    Authors: Irene Nadine Kouna Tsala, Anna Poupalou, Helena Reusens, Gregory Rodesch, Eric Tobie Ntsobe, Eduardo Vieira Cardoso, Taisia Bollettini, Gianluca Gentilucci, Cyrille Leger Abega, Nasroola Damry, Basile Essola and Pierre Lingier
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:428
  40. Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare surgical condition caused by external compression of the celiac artery, resulting in compromised blood flow. Intraoperative evaluation is typically based on vi...

    Authors: Daisuke Koike, Hiroyuki Kato, Masahiro Shimura, Kazuma Horiguchi, Hiroki Tani, Yoshiki Kunimura, Takahiko Higashiguchi, Toki Kawai, Hironobu Yasuoka, Takayuki Ochi, Takahiro Tashiro, Yukio Asano, Masahiro Ito, Yutaro Kato, Tsunekazu Hanai and Akihiko Horiguchi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:427
  41. Monitors that can provide 2-dimensional (2D) or 3-dimensional (3D) images, as well as high-definition (HD) or 4 K-HD image quality, offer various conveniences to surgeons. While studies comparing 2D and 3D scr...

    Authors: Mustafa Can Sivas, Berna Aslan Cetin, Karolin Ohanoglu Cetinel and Ipek Emine Geyikoglu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:425
  42. The tension band internal fixation is a well-established surgical technique employed for the managing of transverse patellar fractures. Nevertheless, there is a lack of comprehensive documentation on minimally...

    Authors: Zhixiang Gao, Shaowei Sun, Shaoyun Zhang, Kai Yao, Xiaofeng Zheng, Wei Yu, Yixin Dai, Lijuan Liu and Cong Xiao
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2025 25:421

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