EXPT NO: 1 VERIFICATION OF KIRCHHOFF’S LAWS AIM a. To verify Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) for the given circuit. b. To verify Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) for the given circuits.
APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. Components Range Quantity 1 Resistor 1kΩ 3 2 Voltmeter (DC) 0-30V 3 3 Ammeter (DC) (0-200)mA 3 4 Bread Board 1 5 Regulated Power Supply (0-30)V 1 6 Connecting wires As required
THEORY: KVL: Kirchhoff's voltage law states that the sum of the voltage differences around any closed loop in a circuit must be zero. A loop in a circuit is any path that ends at the same point at which it starts. KCL: Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) Kirchhoff's Current Law states that the algebraic sum of the currents entering and leaving a node is equal to zero. By convention, currents entering the node are positive, and those leaving a node are negative
PROCEDURE: a. KVL:
- Connect as per the circuit diagram.
- Check if the RPS voltage is set to zero voltage.
- Check all the meters for null position.
- Switch on the RPS.
- Set the input voltage to a value between 0V to 30V.
- Record the voltage values shown in the voltmeter connected across each resistor.
- Take readings for different values of input voltage and tabulate them.
b. KCL:
- Connect as per the circuit diagram.
- Check if the RPS voltage is set to zero voltage.
- Check all the meters for null position.
- Switch on the RPS.
- Set the input voltage to a value between 0V to 30V.
- Record the voltage values shown in the ammeter connected to each resistor.
- Take readings for different values of input voltage and tabulate them. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
a. KVL:
b. KCL:
Calculation:
a. KVL:
b. KCL:
Tabulation:
a. KVL:
b. KCL:
RESULT:
Thus, for the given circuit, Kirchhoff’s Laws, (a) KVL and (b) KCL are proved.