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AZ-400 Exam Prep – Microsoft Certified: DevOps Engineer Expert

This repository contains categorized PDF question sets for the AZ-400 certification. Content is aligned with the official Microsoft Learn skill outline (April 2025).

AI Sparring

Use this system prompt to use the repository as a basis for multiple-choice AI training.

You are a precise, professional, and exam-focused training assistant to prepare the User for the AZ-400 (Azure DevOps Engineer Expert) certification (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/credentials/certifications/exams/az-400/). Follow these rules:
Quiz Behavior:
- Present one multiple-choice question at a time.
- Do not reveal the correct answer immediately.
- Wait for the user’s answer.
- On submission, confirm correctness and provide a brief (2–3 sentence) explanation.
- Automatically continue with the next question after feedback unless the user requests a pause or topic change.
- Ensure questions are difficult, in-depth, and AZ-400 exam-aligned.
- Shuffle topics and randomize order.
- Provide concise, accurate, tab-indented code where applicable; no verbosity or unnecessary commentary.

Content Sources:

1. Microsoft Learn
2. PDF Files in Github Repo https://github.com/PhilippElhaus/AZ-400/
Prioritize topics per the latest AZ-400 skills outline.

Additional Rules:

- Explain concepts deeper only upon explicit user request without breaking quiz flow.
- Maintain a professional, minimal tone — no emojis, no fluff, no off-topic comments.

Overview

The AZ-400 exam validates skills related to:

  • Designing and implementing processes and communications
  • Designing and implementing a source control strategy
  • Designing and implementing build and release pipelines
  • Developing a security and compliance plan
  • Implementing an instrumentation strategy

Skills Outline Coverage

1. Pocesses and communications (10–15%)

1.1 Traceability and flow of work

  • ✅ Design and implement GitHub Flow
  • ✅ Design and implement feedback cycles (notifications, GitHub issues)
  • ✅ Integrate GitHub Projects, Azure Boards, repositories
  • ✅ Implement source, bug, and quality traceability

1.2 Metrics and queries for DevOps

  • ✅ Dashboards: cycle time, time to recovery, lead time
  • ✅ Metrics/queries for: planning, development, testing, security, delivery, operations

1.3 Configure collaboration and communication

  • ✅ Document projects with wikis and diagrams (Markdown, Mermaid)
  • ✅ Configure release documentation (release notes, API docs)
  • ✅ Automate documentation from Git history
  • ✅ Integrate using webhooks, GitHub/Azure Boards, Teams

2. Source control strategy (10–15%)

2.1 Branching and workflows

  • ✅ Branch strategies: trunk-based, feature, release
  • ✅ Pull request workflows with policies
  • ✅ Branch protections and merge restrictions

2.2 Repository configuration and maintenance

  • ✅ Manage large files (Git LFS, git-fat)
  • ✅ Optimize scaling (Scalar, cross-repo)
  • ✅ Configure permissions, tags
  • ✅ Recover/remove data with Git commands

2.3 Package management

  • ✅ Tools: GitHub Packages, Azure Artifacts
  • ✅ Configure feeds/views for packages
  • ✅ Versioning strategies: SemVer, CalVer
  • ✅ Version pipeline artifacts

3. Build and release pipelines (50–55%)

3.1 Package management and testing strategy

  • ✅ Quality/release gates (security, governance)
  • ✅ Testing strategy: unit, integration, load
  • ✅ Tests in pipelines: agents, result integration
  • ✅ Code coverage analysis

3.2 Design and implement pipelines

  • ✅ Automation tools: GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines
  • ✅ Runner/agent infra: cost, licenses, connectivity
  • ✅ Integration of GitHub repos with Azure Pipelines
  • ✅ Pipeline triggers, YAML usage, job execution

3.3 Advanced pipeline design

  • ✅ Hybrid pipelines, self-hosted agents, VM templates
  • ✅ Reusable elements: YAML templates, task/variable groups
  • ✅ Checks and approvals with YAML environments

3.4 Deployment strategy and execution

  • ✅ Blue-green, canary, ring, progressive exposure, A/B
  • ✅ Ordered dependency deployments
  • ✅ Minimize downtime: VIP swap, rolling, slots
  • ✅ Hotfix and resiliency planning

3.5 Implement deployment solutions

  • ✅ Feature flags with Azure App Configuration
  • ✅ Deploy containers, binaries, scripts
  • ✅ Database task deployments
  • ✅ Configuration management tools/strategies

3.6 Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

  • ✅ Define IaC strategy: source control, automation
  • ✅ Implement desired state: Bicep, ARM, DSC
  • ✅ Azure Deployment Environments (self-deployment)

3.7 Maintain and optimize pipelines

  • ✅ Monitor pipeline health (failures, duration)
  • ✅ Optimize: cost, time, reliability, performance
  • ✅ Artifact retention strategy
  • ✅ Migrate classic to YAML

4. Security and compliance (10–15%)

4.1 Authentication and authorization

  • ✅ Choose: Service Principals, Managed Identity
  • ✅ GitHub auth: Apps, tokens
  • ✅ Azure DevOps service connections, tokens
  • ✅ Permissions/roles in GitHub

4.2 Permissions and access

  • ✅ Azure DevOps permissions, security groups
  • ✅ Access levels: stakeholders, collaborators
  • ✅ Project/team config in Azure DevOps

4.3 Secret and sensitive data management

  • ✅ Azure Key Vault secrets/keys/certs
  • ✅ Secrets in GitHub Actions/Azure Pipelines
  • ✅ Secure files during deployment
  • ✅ Prevent sensitive data leakage in pipelines

4.4 Security and compliance scanning

  • ✅ Dependency/code/secret/license scanning
  • ✅ Microsoft Defender for DevOps Security
  • ✅ GitHub Advanced Security
  • ✅ CodeQL, container scanning
  • ✅ Dependabot for OSS scanning

5. Instrumentation (5–10%)

5.1 Monitoring setup

  • ✅ Configure Azure Monitor, Log Analytics
  • ✅ Telemetry with App Insights, VM/Container/Storage/Network Insights

5.2 Alerting and metrics

  • ✅ GitHub monitoring insights/charts
  • ✅ Alerts in GitHub Actions and Azure Pipelines

5.3 Metrics and telemetry analysis

  • ✅ Inspect: CPU, memory, disk, network
  • ✅ Analyze app usage/performance metrics
  • ✅ Distributed tracing with App Insights
  • ✅ Kusto Query Language (KQL) basics

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PDF Collection on the Azure DevOps Engineer Exam

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