Current 42 project : KFS-4

Discover the world of "Kernel Programming" and learn how to create your very own Kernel from scratch.

32bit very simple kernel

Functionalities:

• Boot (yes!)
• VGA printing
• GDT + stack dump function
• IDT - ISR + IRQ
• Keyboard management
• PIT
• RTC time
• Memory paging
• A heap + kernel virtual memory allocator

• A kernel you can boot via GRUB
• An ASM bootable base
• A basic kernel library, with basics functions and types
• Some basic code to print some stuff on the screen
• A basic "Hello world" kernel

Bonus

• Add scroll and cursor support to your I/O interface.
• Add colors support to your I/O interface.
• Add helpers like printf / printk in order to print information / debug easily.
• Handle keyboard entries and print them.
• Handle different screens, and keyboard shortcuts to switch easily between then.

• Create a Global Descriptor Table
• The GDT must contain:
  • Kernel Code
  • Kernel Data
  • Kernel stack
  • User code
  • User data
  • User stack
• Declare the GDT to the BIOS
• The GDT must be set at address 0x00000800
• Code a tool to print the kernel stack, in a human-friendly way

Bonus

• Code a minimalistic shell with a few commands, for debugging pur-poses.
• For example :
  • the print-kernel-stack-thing
  • reboot
  • halt
  • more

• Enable memory paging in your Kernel
• Code a memory structure that handle paging and memory rights
• Define Kernel and User space
• Implement a function to create/get memory pages
• Implement functions to allocate,free and get size of a variable
• Implement those functions for virtual and physical memory
• Handle "kernel panics" (Print, stop the kernel)

• Create an Interrupts Descriptor Table
• A signal-callback system on your Kernel API
• An interface to schedule signals
• An interface to clean registers before a panic / halt
• An interface to save the stack before a panic
• Implement a IDT keyboard handling system

Bonus

• [] Coding the base functions for the futures syscalls
• Add some features to the keyboard handler, for example :
  • multi layouts (qwerty, azerty)
  • base functions like get_line

./generate_sources.sh
make

make run

The Bible: https://wiki.osdev.org/Main_Page

James Molloy: http://www.jamesmolloy.co.uk/tutorial_html

With the osdev complement: https://wiki.osdev.org/James_Molloy's_Tutorial_Known_Bugs

Brandon Friesen - osdever: http://www.osdever.net/bkerndev/Docs/intro.htm

introduction : https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/what-does-it-take-make-kernel-0

bad : https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/1225196/Create-Your-Own-Kernel-In-C-2

https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/architecture-and-technology/64-ia-32-architectures-software-developer-vol-3a-part-1-manual.html

Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces : https://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~remzi/OSTEP/