This document outlines the security considerations, best practices, and implemented measures for the GPU Monitor application.

• No Hardcoded Secrets: All sensitive information moved to environment variables
• Default Value Sanitization: Safe fallback values for all configuration options
• Environment Isolation: Separate configurations for development/production

• URL Validation: Proper validation of host URLs before adding
• CORS Protection: Configurable cross-origin resource sharing
• Request Validation: Input sanitization on all API endpoints
• Error Handling: Safe error messages without information leakage

• Docker Isolation: Containerized services with minimal attack surface
• Network Segmentation: Proper container networking with restricted access
• File System Permissions: Appropriate permissions for persistent data
• Secret Management: Environment-based secret management

All security-sensitive configurations use environment variables:

# Required Security Settings
FLASK_SECRET_KEY=your-strong-secret-key-here
CORS_ORIGINS=http://localhost:8080,https://your-domain.com
FLASK_DEBUG=false

# Network Configuration
FLASK_HOST=0.0.0.0  # Consider 127.0.0.1 for localhost-only
FLASK_PORT=5000     # Change default port if needed

# Production Environment
FLASK_DEBUG=false
FLASK_SECRET_KEY=generate-strong-random-key-here
CORS_ORIGINS=https://your-production-domain.com
FLASK_HOST=127.0.0.1  # Localhost only if behind reverse proxy

# Security Headers (if using reverse proxy)
SECURE_SSL_REDIRECT=true
SECURE_HSTS_ENABLED=true

# Allow only necessary ports
sudo ufw allow 22/tcp      # SSH
sudo ufw allow 80/tcp      # HTTP (redirect to HTTPS)
sudo ufw allow 443/tcp     # HTTPS
sudo ufw deny 5000/tcp     # Block direct backend access
sudo ufw deny 8080/tcp     # Block direct frontend access

Use nginx or similar for production:

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name your-domain.com;
    
    ssl_certificate /path/to/cert.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /path/to/key.pem;
    
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    }
    
    location /api/ {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:5000;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    }
}

location / {
    auth_basic "GPU Monitor";
    auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;
    proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
}

Consider integrating with OAuth providers for production:

• Google OAuth
• GitHub OAuth
• Corporate SSO/SAML

• Host configurations stored in localStorage (client-side)
• No sensitive data transmitted or stored on server
• URLs validated before storage

• GPU metrics are system information, not user data
• Consider access restrictions for sensitive environments
• Implement IP allowlisting for internal networks

# Use non-root user
RUN addgroup -g 1001 -S nodejs
RUN adduser -S nodejs -u 1001
USER nodejs

# Minimal base images
FROM node:18-alpine AS production

# Security scanning
RUN npm audit --audit-level=moderate

services:
  backend:
    security_opt:
      - no-new-privileges:true
    read_only: true
    tmpfs:
      - /tmp
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE

# Using Let's Encrypt
sudo certbot --nginx -d your-domain.com

# Or generate self-signed for testing
openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 \
  -keyout /etc/ssl/private/gpu-monitor.key \
  -out /etc/ssl/certs/gpu-monitor.crt

add_header X-Frame-Options DENY;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains";
add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline';";

# Log all access attempts
log_format security '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
                   '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent '
                   '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$request_time"';

access_log /var/log/nginx/gpu-monitor-security.log security;

# Install fail2ban
sudo apt install fail2ban

# Configure for nginx
sudo nano /etc/fail2ban/jail.local

• ❌ Hardcoding API keys or passwords in source code
• ❌ Using default passwords or weak secrets
• ❌ Exposing backend ports directly to internet
• ❌ Running containers as root user
• ❌ Disabling CORS without understanding implications

• ❌ Logging sensitive data (passwords, tokens)
• ❌ Returning detailed error messages to clients
• ❌ Exposing internal file paths or system information
• ❌ Including debug information in production builds

• All default passwords changed
• Environment variables configured properly
• CORS origins restricted to trusted domains
• Debug mode disabled in production
• Strong secret keys generated
• Input validation implemented
• Error handling sanitized

• Firewall configured to block unnecessary ports
• HTTPS enabled with valid certificates
• Reverse proxy configured (if applicable)
• Internal network segmentation implemented
• VPN access configured for remote monitoring

• Containers running as non-root users
• Security scanning performed on images
• Regular updates scheduled for dependencies
• Backup and recovery procedures tested
• Monitoring and alerting configured

• Authentication mechanism implemented
• User access levels defined
• Regular access reviews scheduled
• Session management configured
• Password policies enforced

1. Immediate Response

   • Isolate affected systems
   • Preserve evidence and logs
   • Document timeline of events

2. Assessment

   • Determine scope of compromise
   • Identify affected data/systems
   • Assess potential impact

3. Containment

   • Stop ongoing attack
   • Patch vulnerabilities
   • Reset compromised credentials

4. Recovery

   • Restore from clean backups
   • Verify system integrity
   • Monitor for reinfection

5. Lessons Learned

   • Document incident details
   • Update security procedures
   • Implement additional controls

• IT Security Team: [contact-info]
• System Administrator: [contact-info]
• Incident Response Lead: [contact-info]

# Frontend dependencies
npm audit
npm audit fix

# Backend dependencies
pip-audit
safety check

# Docker image scanning
docker scout cves

• Critical Patches: Within 24 hours
• Security Updates: Within 1 week
• Regular Updates: Monthly maintenance window
• Dependency Audit: Weekly automated scans

• OWASP Top 10
• NIST Cybersecurity Framework
• CIS Controls

• Vulnerability Scanning: Nessus, OpenVAS, Qualys
• Container Security: Clair, Anchore, Twistlock
• Web Application Scanning: OWASP ZAP, Burp Suite
• Dependency Checking: Snyk, WhiteSource, FOSSA

• Flask Security Best Practices
• React Security Guidelines
• Docker Security Best Practices

Security is an ongoing process. Regular reviews and updates are essential for maintaining a secure system.