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  1. Treatment with the β3-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist mirabegron improves insulin sensitivity β, cell function, and glucose tolerance in individuals with obesity, without weight loss or a change in brown adip...

    Authors: Brian S. Finlin, Hasiyet Memetimin, Philip M. Westgate, Jin Chen, Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden and Philip A. Kern
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:313
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Sevoflurane is known to induce cognitive dysfunction, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Recent evidence suggests that disruptions in synaptic zinc homeostasis may contribute to neurotoxicity and co...

    Authors: Feixiang Li, Bingqing Gong, Tao Yang, Siwen Long, Jinqin Zhang, Yi Jiang, Yonghao Yu, Yongyan Yang and Dujuan Li
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:312
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. The study reported here offers new insights into the metabolic changes associated with the Warburg effect (i.e. aerobic glycolysis) in cancer cells and into the possible role of IF1, the endogenous inhibitor of A...

    Authors: Valentina Del Dotto, Silvia Grillini, Riccardo Righetti, Martina Grandi, Valentina Giorgio, Giancarlo Solaini and Alessandra Baracca
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:311
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the impaired function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) induces chronic inflammatory responses in the synovium. Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA4) is crucial for Sustaining Treg...

    Authors: Jiawen Han, Zhongyang Zhou, Hongxia Wang, Yuxin Chen, Wuguo Li, Meiqin Dai, Jing Bian, Erming Zhao, Jiaying He, Xinyao Zhang, Huanfa Yi and Lan Shao
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:310
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Radiation enteritis (RE) is a common complication in patients undergoing abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy. Despite the advancements in radiotherapy, effective treatments remain limited. WGX50, a bioactive com...

    Authors: Zhijing Yin, Guanjun Chen, Yunqing Liu, Yiqi Tan, Jingyi Tang, Ganghua Zhang, Dongqing Wei, Yuxing Zhu and Ke Cao
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:309
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease characterized by aberrant fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix deposition. Emerging evidence implicates mitochondrial dysfunction in IPF pa...

    Authors: Yanlin Zhou, Yuqi Wang, Mengyuan Wang, Bin Li, Kai Xu, Xiaoyue Pan, Zhongzheng Li, Qiwen Wang, Wanyu He, Jiaojiao Pang, Yingchun Guo, Yuqing Zhang, Koji Sakamoto, Juntang Yang, Lan Wang and Guoying Yu
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:308
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) can rejuvenate injured cells through mitochondrial transfer. Our previous study has highlighted the ability of erythropoietin (EPO)-modified BM-MSCs (EPO-BM-MSCs) t...

    Authors: Yao Zhang, Li-Zhan Chen and Hai-Feng Ou-Yang
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:307
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Previous studies have suggested that, after acquisition of t(11;14), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) pathogenesis may proceed via several different genetic second hits, which may shape different mutational profiles...

    Authors: Ales Obr, Diana Malarikova, Eva Kriegova, Helena Urbankova, Zuzana Zemanova, Jirina Manakova, Anna Petrackova, Michaela Vatolikova, Adela Berkova, Kristina Forsterova, Tomas Furst, Andrea Hruskova, Patrik Flodr, Veronika Hanackova, Vit Prochazka, Tomas Papajik…
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:306
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. Pancreatic cancer, a highly lethal malignancy, is influenced by complex lncRNA-mediated gene expression. This study identified CASC19 as a significantly overexpressed lncRNA with high oncogenic potential in pa...

    Authors: Moumita Mukherjee, Swati Ghosh, Atanu Maity, Sukanta Ray, Hemabha Saha, Ranjit Prasad Bahadur and Srikanta Goswami
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:305
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Neutrophils are critical first responders of the innate immune system, rapidly recruited to sites of infection or sterile injury. Upon activation by pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns, neutrophi...

    Authors: Anita Sapoznikov, Yentl Evgy, Liat Fux, Ilya Ruderfer, Yakir Nataf, Yael Hayon, Shay Zamin, Roey Mizrachi, Rachel Pessah, Yoav Gal, Alon Ben-David, Noam Erez and Reut Falach
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:304
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Treatment for patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) is an unmet clinical need. Loss of NF1 in MPNST leads to hyperactivation of RAS, however little is known about relevant downstream o...

    Authors: Jiawan Wang, Arnab Sarkar, Natalia Garcia, Lindy Zhang, Ana Calizo, Alla Lisok, Katia Campos, Funan He, Nishanth Punjaala, Teresa Marple, Kai Pollard, Siyuan Zheng, Calixto-Hope G. Lucas, Vesselina G. Cooke, Christine A. Pratilas and Angelina V. Vaseva
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:303
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Chronic liver diseases are a rapidly growing threat to global health, causing approximately 2 million deaths annually—half from complications of cirrhosis and half from viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carci...

    Authors: D. S. Kozlov, S. Rodimova, P. Filatov, A. Mozherov, P. S. Timashev, M. V. Zyuzin and D. S. Kuznetsova
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:302
    Content type: Review Published on:

  13. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). APP undergoes different posttranslational modifications, but the role of SUMOylation modification of APP in the...

    Authors: Yen-Chen Liu, Wei-Lun Hsu, Yun-Li Ma, Chung-Yao Yin, Kuang-Min Cheng and Eminy H. Y. Lee
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:301
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Seven female individuals with multiple congenital anomalies, developmental delay and/or intellectual disability have been found to have a genetic variant of uncertain significance in the mediator complex subun...

    Authors: Nicole C. Shaw, Saraya Harrison, Kevin Chen, Catherine A. Forbes, Emma Kuzminski, Mitchell Hedges, Kathryn O. Farley, Michelle Ward, Lily Loughman, Cathryn Poulton, Gareth Baynam, Timo Lassmann and Vanessa S. Fear
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:300
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. The galactoside-binding galectin-3 is a multi-mode promoter in a broad range of cancers, as well as in the pathogenesis of inflammation and fibrosis-associated diseases. It is currently a hotly pursued therape...

    Authors: Paulina Sindrewicz-Goral, Xiaoxin Li, Weikun Wang, Oluwatobi Adegbite, Yaoyu Pang, Thomas Gledhill, Sandra Sreenivas, Lu-Yun Lian and Lu-Gang Yu
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:299
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) profoundly impacts not only the physical health but also the psychological well-being of women. Despite its profound effects, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of RPL ...

    Authors: Liyuan Cui, Fengrun Sun, Xinhang Meng, Yujie Luo, Jinfeng Qian and Songcun Wang
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:298
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. During pregnancy, profound immunological, hormonal, and metabolic adaptations occur to support fetal development. The impact of pregnancy on vaccine-induced immunity remains incompletely characterized, as prev...

    Authors: Gui-Ping Wen, Yi-Zhen Wang, Min-Ming Wang, Wen-Rong Wang, Si-Ling Wang, Zheng Wang, Zi-Min Tang, Zhen-Yu Luo, Zi-Hao Chen, Jia-Yan Chen, Mei-Jiao Cai, Yun-Sheng Ge, Zi-Zheng Zheng and Yu-Lin Zhou
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:297
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication among critically ill patients, associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes. There is an urgent need for novel biomarkers to assist in the early dete...

    Authors: Bingqing Wang, Jiabei Wang, Chen Qi, Chao Gao, Yue Wang, Yujie Zan, Yuwei Tan, Zhenying Wu, Jun Jiang, Jinmeng Suo, Jing Zhang and Zhiyong Peng
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:296
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options and poor clinical outcomes. The identification of predictive biomarkers that can enhance chemotherapy efficacy and inform imm...

    Authors: Ji-Eun You, Do Yeon Kim, Hyeseon Yun, Dong-In Koh, Yea Seong Ryu and Dong-Hoon Jin
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:295
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Lithium is a first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), but only 30% of patients respond satisfactorily to monotherapy, and the biological basis for this variability remains unclear. This study aimed to i...

    Authors: Maria Hidalgo-Figueroa, Alejandra Delgado-Sequera, Anaid Pérez-Ramos, MªCarmen Durán-Ruiz, Cristina Romero-Lopez-Alberca, Jose I. Pérez-Revuelta, Ingrid Marquez-Estefenn, Clara García-Mompó, Jose Ma Villagrán Moreno and Esther Berrocoso
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:294
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joint disease with no effective cure. This study investigates the role of Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 (IRS2) in OA and its potential as a therapeutic target.

    Authors: Chaoren Qin, Kai Chen, Yingchun Sun, Changjiang Wang, Yaohui Yu, Hao Zhu and Guoyou Zou
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:293
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a series of chronic complications, of which cognitive impairment is a common complication of the central nervous system. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), a gram-ne...

    Authors: Xin Liu, Keke Che, Qiaoli Li, Xiuli Wu, Dong Zeng, Xiaoli Du and Shanglan Qing
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:292
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Through evolutionary genomics analysis, we identified Yulink (MIOS, Entrez Gene: 54,468), a highly conserved gene encoding an 875 amino acid protein with diverse functions in humans. Given the importance of ac...

    Authors: Yi-Chia Wu, Tsai-Hsien Hung, Wei-Ting Thomas Wang, Ming-Wei Kuo, Yuh-Jin Liang, Yur-Ren Kuo, Ming-Feng Hou, Chung-Sheng Lai, Alice L. Yu and John Yu
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:291
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Anti-ribosomal P protein autoantibodies (anti-P) are associated with psychosis and cognitive dysfunction in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), yet the underlying mechanisms remain undefined, hin...

    Authors: Nicole Díaz-Valdivia, Mariana Labarca, Claudio Retamal, Sofia Espinoza, Jaime Venegas, Alejandra Catenaccio, Adely de la Peña, Micaela Ricca, Claudia Jara, Daniela Cortés-Díaz, Angela Campos, Francisca Pérez-Molina, Francisca Barake, Bernardita Medel, Cristian Herrera-Cid, Fanny Guzman…
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:290
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a rare autoimmune disease arising from a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation (DNAm) have been de...

    Authors: Giacomo Cavalca, Matteo Vergani, Davide Cangelosi, Alessandro Consolaro, Marco Gattorno, Angelo Ravelli, Jane Munro, Boris Novakovic, Anna Duncan, Paolo Uva and Giovanni Fiorito
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:289
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is closely associated with tumor progression and the tumor microenvironment (TME), but its role in breast cancer (BC), which can be affected by HPV, has not been reported.

    Authors: Chuan Hu, Tingting Hu, Jian Wen and Zengrong Jia
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:285
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. Neuroinflammation mediated by microglia activation is the key pathological mechanisms for cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury (CIRI). This study investigated the role and underlying molecular mechanism of Rho...

    Authors: Lisi Xu, Ruonan Zhang, Xiaolin Zhang, Bing Liu, Xiuli Shang and Daifa Huang
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:284
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. Peptidase M20 domain containing 1 (PM20D1) is a secreted N-fatty acyl amino synthase and hydrolase that controls tissue and blood levels of N-fatty acyl amino acids. In brown adipocytes, N-fatty acyl amino aci...

    Authors: Marcela R. Simoes, Ana L. Gallo-Ferraz, Bruna Bombassaro, Fernando Valdivieso-Rivera, Guilherme A. S. Nogueira, Milena Monfort-Pires, Marcos Vinicius da Cruz, Ariane M. Zanesco, Nayra Fernanda-Oliveira, Leonardo Reis Silveira, Roger F. Castilho, Carlos H. Sponton and Licio A. Velloso
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:283
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. Acetaminophen, or N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (APAP), causes severe liver damage and acute liver failure when overdosed. Oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG ODN) can regulate the function of macrophage...

    Authors: Yibai Qu, Zehui Jiang, Zhixia Chen, Sidan Luo, Bingyao Xie, Xubo Wu, Gang Yuan, Kan Wu, Li Chen, Tian Tian, Shan Li, Haihua Luo, Quan Li, Ding Yuan, Yan Zhang, Yanxia Gao…
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:282
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. One of the hallmarks of a pre-metastatic niche (PMN) is the infiltration of immunosuppressive macrophages, while the mechanism remains largely uncharted. Here, we reveal that cancer-associated fibroblasts-deri...

    Authors: Xianqiao Wu, Wei Chen, Tianzheng Fang, Ziyuan Chen, Shuai Fang and Chengwei Zhou
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:281
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for its aggressiveness, which can be attributed to its heterogeneity, metastasis, and invasion capabilities. POC1 centriolar protein homolog A (POC1A), a centriola...

    Authors: Yuzhou Qian, Yu Che, Shanqi Li, Xue Zhang, Qingshu Li, Yong Zhu, Long Wang and Xuedong Yin
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:280
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Disruption in bile duct barrier function contributes to hepatocyte toxicity in ischemia–reperfusion injury, often leading to surgical complications in liver resection, transplantation, and hemorrhagic shock. H...

    Authors: Guoqing Bao, Siliang Zhang, Zhengchen Ye, Ding Luo, Pinduan Bi and Bin Yang
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:279
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 expression, leading to poor clinical outcomes and ...

    Authors: Bin Lian, Jiayi Li, Shihui Tang, Ting Li and Jinping Li
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:278
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), play critical roles in blood–brain barrier (BBB) maintenance, synaptogenesis, neurotransmission, and metabolic regulation. In resp...

    Authors: Ling Li, Xuewei Cui, Baoli Zhu, Lele Zhou, Yaya Guo, Tianjing Liu and Yongyan Shi
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:277
    Content type: Review Published on:

  38. As the first discovered member of the neurotrophin family, nerve growth factor (NGF) plays fundamental roles in peripheral sensory and sympathetic neuronal development and survival. Recent evidence reveals its...

    Authors: Fei Xiong, Ben-li Xiao, Qi Wang, Kun Liu, Hong-wei Wu, Chao Jing, Kui-nan Tong, Zhong-tao Zhang and Wei Guo
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:276
    Content type: Review Published on:

  39. Ulcerative colitis (UC), an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation, primarily targets the colonic mucosa. Isoimperatorin is a natural furanocoumarin compound with a variety of pha...

    Authors: Yulai Fang, Shichen Min, Hongxin Chen, Zhenxing Zhu, Yanan Li, Yiheng Tong, Jingyi Hu, Lei Zhu and Hong Shen
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:275
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Obesity-induced oligoasthenospermia is associated with testicular lipid metabolism. However, the mechanisms underlying the lipid homeostasis imbalance of obesity-induced oligoasthenospermia are unclear.

    Authors: Min Pan, Jingya Li, Yujia Wang, Ziao Liu, Li Li and Tongsheng Wang
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:274
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. The mitofusin 2 (MFN2) R707W mutation causes debilitating human lipodystrophy featuring lower body adipose loss, upper body adipose hyperplasia, and dyslipidaemic insulin resistance. Mechanical complications i...

    Authors: Ineke Luijten, Xiong Weng, Ula Kibildyte, Jana Buchan, Ami Onishi, Jake Mann, Eleanor McKay, David Savage and Robert K. Semple
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:273
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. External mechanical stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis. Piezo1 can sense mechanical stress changes on the surface of various cell types and convert them into bioelectrical s...

    Authors: Likai Yu, Zishan Su, Di Tian, Shangqi Liu, Li Zhang, Zeen Wang, Shaobo Guo, Wenhui Zhu, Peimin Wang and Nongshan Zhang
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:272
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor decline and neuronal loss, with no curative disease-modifying therapies available. The mitochondrial toxin 3-n...

    Authors: Ayooluwa Gabriel Ibiayo, Peeraporn Varinthra, Mukundan Nagarajan and Ingrid Y Liu
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:271
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the most potent toxins known, causing life-threatening flaccid paralysis by blocking acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions. Clinical botulism results in respiratory...

    Authors: Sean W. O’Brien, Brieana M. Gregg, Adhirath Bollapragada and Patrick M. McNutt
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:270
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. Oxaliplatin (Oxa) has been extensively employed in treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), yet frequent occurrence of chemoresistance poses a significant obstacle to achieving long-term disease-free survival for...

    Authors: Yixuan Wang, Mu Qiao, Jing Guo, Ying Xie, Meilin Hu, Xin Li, Sheng Wang, Jingjing Wang, Jingya Wang, Ziyi Peng, Mengqi Wang, Hao Cheng, Tiantian Li, Linchuang Jia, Danchen Su, Huanhuan Liu…
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:268
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. IgA-mediated vasculitis (IgAV) is a complex inflammatory disease. Unravelling its genetic background would allow us to identify genetic biomarkers that may be used as additional tools in its daily management, ...

    Authors: Joao Carlos Batista-Liz, Vanesa Calvo-Río, María Sebastián Mora-Gil, María Teresa Leonardo, Ana Cristina Peñalba, Luis Martín-Penagos, Javier Narváez, Belén Sevilla-Pérez, José Luis Callejas-Rubio, Ligia Gabrie, Rafael Gálvez Sánchez, Luis Caminal-Montero, Paz Collado, María José Rodríguez Valls, Diego de Argila, Patricia Quiroga-Colina…
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:267
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) activation has been suggested as a potential protective mechanism against kidney injury by improving mitochondrial dysfunction and anaerobic glycolysis. However, the underlyin...

    Authors: Jimin Park, Young Su Joo, Bo Young Nam, Gyuri Kim, Jung Tak Park, Tae-Hyun Yoo, Shin-Wook Kang and Seung Hyeok Han
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:266
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Mounting evidence indicates that renal tubular ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), derived from propolis, a precious resin...

    Authors: Ying Lu, Ye Zhu, Sheng Feng, Qifei Cong, Sixia Chen, Ying Zeng, Kai Song and Ji Hu
    Citation: Molecular Medicine 2025 31:264
    Content type: Research Published on:
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Molecular Medicine

ISSN: 1528-3658