C++ Nested If

Nested If

You can also place an if statement inside another if. This is called a nested if statement.

A nested if lets you check for a condition only if another condition is already true.

if (condition1) {
  // code to run if condition1 is true
  if (condition2) {
    // code to run if both condition1 and condition2 are true
  }
}

Example

In this example, we first check if x is greater than 10. If it is, we then check if y is greater than 20:

int x = 15;
int y = 25;

if (x > 10) {
  cout << "x is greater than 10\n";

  // Nested if
  if (y > 20) {
    cout << "y is also greater than 20\n";
  }
}

Real-Life Example

Nested if statements are useful when you need to test multiple conditions that depend on each other. For example, checking if a person is old enough to vote, and if they are a citizen:

int age = 20;
bool isCitizen = true;

if (age >= 18) {
  cout << "Old enough to vote.\n";

  if (isCitizen) {
    cout << "And you are a citizen, so you can vote!\n";
  } else {
    cout << "But you must be a citizen to vote.\n";
  }
} else {
  cout << "Not old enough to vote.\n";
}

Notes

• You can nest as many if statements as you want, but avoid making the code too deep - it can become hard to read.
• Nested if is often used together with else and else if for more complex decision making.