Here’s a structured Full Stack Low-Level Design (LLD) learning path from basics to advanced, including code practice and system flow understanding. This is ideal for developers aiming to master backend, frontend, system design, and architecture skills holistically.

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🔰 Phase 1: Fundamentals of Web Development

✅ Concepts

• HTML, CSS, JavaScript basics
• DOM Manipulation
• Responsive Design
• Git & GitHub for version control

🔨 Practice

• Build simple projects:

  • Portfolio Website
  • To-Do App, Weather App
  • Calculator,Guess the Color App

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🏗️ Phase 2: Frontend Development (LLD Focus)

✅ Concepts

• JavaScript Deep Dive (closures, async/await, promises)
• ES6+ features
• React.js / Next.js (component architecture, hooks, context)
• State Management (Redux, Zustand, or Context API)
• TypeScript for type safety

🔨 Practice

• Design component-based systems (e.g., a social media feed)
• Build SPA: Blog Platform / Admin Dashboard

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🛠️ Phase 3: Backend Development (LLD Heavy)

✅ Concepts

• HTTP/S, REST APIs
• Spring Boot / Node.js / Express.js
• Database Design: ERD, normalization, schema design
• Relational (MySQL/PostgreSQL) + NoSQL (MongoDB/Redis)
• Authentication & Authorization (JWT, OAuth2)
• Logging & Monitoring

🔨 Practice

• Design and implement:

  • User service (login/register)
  • Product catalog
  • Order and cart management

• Use tools like Postman to test APIs

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🔃 Phase 4: System Design & Architecture (LLD + HLD Integration)

✅ Concepts

• OOP design principles (SOLID, DRY, KISS)

• Design Patterns (Factory, Singleton, Builder, etc.)

• Low-Level Design (LLD):

  • Class diagrams, sequence diagrams
  • Interface & abstract class design

• High-Level Design (HLD) basics:

  • Microservices architecture
  • Load balancing, caching, queues

• UML Diagrams

🔨 Practice

Design and implement:

• URL Shortener
• Ride-Sharing App
• E-Commerce Backend
• Notification System (with Kafka/RabbitMQ)

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🧱 Phase 5: DevOps & Deployment

✅ Concepts

• CI/CD with GitHub Actions/Jenkins
• Docker & Docker Compose
• Kubernetes basics
• Cloud deployment (AWS/GCP/Azure basics)
• Nginx + Load Balancer Setup

🔨 Practice

• Dockerize full-stack project
• Deploy on cloud VM or use services like Heroku/Vercel/Render

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🔄 Recommended Flow (Learning Order)

1. HTML/CSS/JS ➜ Git/GitHub ➜ React.js ➜ API Integration
2. JavaScript (in-depth) ➜ TypeScript ➜ State Management
3. Java / Node.js backend ➜ REST APIs ➜ DB Design (MySQL + MongoDB)
4. Security ➜ Auth ➜ Deployment (Docker, CI/CD)
5. LLD (UML, OOP, design patterns) ➜ System Design (scalability, microservices)

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