HBASE-27594 [JDK17] SecurityManager is deprecated since JDK17 #6932

NihalJain · 2025-04-24T05:35:22Z

Adds a custom ExitHandler to wrap System.exit calls, preventing JVM termination during tests and throwing an exception instead.
Replaces all usages of System.exit calls with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit.
Removes TestSecurityManager to reduce deprecated security manager usage.
Updates SystemExitRule to use ExitHandler for controlled exit behavior.
Removes all usages of System.setSecurityManager / System.getSecurityManager usages in HBase so that it makes our path to future JDK upgrades easier

Eliminates warnings related to deprecated System.setSecurityManager and System.getSecurityManager calls.

WARNING: A terminally deprecated method in java.lang.System has been called
WARNING: System::setSecurityManager has been called by org.apache.hadoop.hbase.SystemExitRule (file:/Users/nihaljain/code/os/hbase/hbase-common/target/test-classes/)
WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.apache.hadoop.hbase.SystemExitRule
WARNING: System::setSecurityManager will be removed in a future release

NihalJain · 2025-04-24T05:37:10Z

This is a simple attempt to get rid of System.setSecurityManager / System.getSecurityManager usages in hbase so that it makes our path to future JDK upgrades easier! Lets see what CI says.

NihalJain · 2025-04-24T05:47:01Z

hbase-checkstyle/src/main/resources/hbase/checkstyle.xml

@@ -131,6 +131,13 @@

    <!-- Make the @SuppressWarnings annotations available to Checkstyle -->
    <module name="SuppressWarningsHolder"/>
+
+    <!-- Custom check to detect System.exit calls -->


Just FYI: added this checkstyle rule to raise checkstyle an issue if anyone tries to directly use System.exit

hbase-common/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/SystemExitRule.java

NihalJain · 2025-04-24T05:48:12Z

hbase-server/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/util/TestHBaseConfTool.java

@@ -59,6 +61,36 @@ public void testHBaseConfTool() {
    }
  }

+  @Test
+  public void testHBaseConfToolError() {


added a new test to check for failure scenario, should i drop this?

NihalJain · 2025-04-24T05:50:31Z

hbase-server/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/util/LauncherExitHandler.java

-  @Override
-  public void checkExit(int status) throws SecurityException {
-    exitCode = status;
+  public void exit(int status) throws SecurityException {


Should we still throw a SecurityException?

NihalJain · 2025-04-24T05:51:25Z

hbase-common/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/SystemExitRule.java

    };
-  };
+  }

  // Exiting the JVM is not allowed in tests and this exception is thrown instead
  // when it is done
  public static class SystemExitInTestException extends SecurityException {


Should we still throw SecurityException?

NihalJain · 2025-04-24T05:53:12Z

hbase-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/util/ExitHandler.java

+public class ExitHandler {
+  private static ExitHandler instance = new ExitHandler();
+
+  public static ExitHandler getInstance() {


should I wrap into Double-Checked Locking. seems overkill for this use case. WDYT?

Some kind of semaphore to ensure that only one thread in a JVM holds a test instance ?
That would also require releasing each test ExitHandler instance explicitily.

NihalJain · 2025-04-24T05:55:58Z

hbase-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/util/ExitHandler.java

+    return instance;
+  }
+
+  public static void setInstance(ExitHandler handler) {


should i let this be called from only tests?

Copilot

Pull Request Overview

This PR replaces calls to System.exit with a custom ExitHandler to prevent the JVM from terminating during tests and to eliminate deprecated SecurityManager usage.

Replaces all System.exit calls with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit in production and test code
Removes TestSecurityManager to further reduce deprecated security manager usage
Updates SystemExitRule to leverage ExitHandler for controlled exit behavior

Reviewed Changes

Copilot reviewed 113 out of 114 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
hbase-examples/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/mapreduce/SampleUploader.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit
hbase-examples/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/mapreduce/IndexBuilder.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit in main and error handling
hbase-endpoint/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/coprocessor/Export.java	Updates exit call to use ExitHandler
hbase-diagnostics/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/wal/WALPerformanceEvaluation.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit in usage and main
hbase-diagnostics/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/master/balancer/LoadBalancerPerformanceEvaluation.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit
hbase-diagnostics/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/ScanPerformanceEvaluation.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit in main
hbase-diagnostics/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/PerformanceEvaluation.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit in error usage and main
hbase-compression/hbase-compression-zstd/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/io/compress/zstd/TestZstdDictionary.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit in test usage
hbase-common/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/TestSystemExitInTest.java	Uses ExitHandler.getInstance().exit instead of System.exit
hbase-common/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/SystemExitRule.java	Updates rule to use ExitHandler for controlled test exits
hbase-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/util/Random64.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit on conflict detection
hbase-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/util/JenkinsHash.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit on usage errors
hbase-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/util/ExitHandler.java	Introduces custom ExitHandler class to centralize exit functionality
hbase-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/util/AbstractHBaseTool.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit before termination
hbase-client/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/ipc/TestCellBlockBuilder.java	Updates test exit usage to use ExitHandler.getInstance().exit
hbase-backup/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/backup/mapreduce/MapReduceHFileSplitterJob.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit in main
hbase-backup/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/backup/RestoreDriver.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit in main
hbase-backup/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/backup/BackupDriver.java	Replaces System.exit with ExitHandler.getInstance().exit in main

Files not reviewed (1)

hbase-checkstyle/src/main/resources/hbase/checkstyle.xml: Language not supported

NihalJain · 2025-04-24T06:54:08Z

Built code locally, started a standalone hbase cluster and verified exit codes for HBaseConfTool are as expected.

Screenshot:

NihalJain · 2025-04-25T10:13:33Z

Failures are not related. Ran the test locally, it passed.

Apache-HBase · 2025-04-30T07:22:26Z

🎊 +1 overall

Vote	Subsystem	Runtime	Logfile	Comment
+0 🆗	reexec	0m 36s		Docker mode activated.
			_ Prechecks _
+1 💚	dupname	0m 1s		No case conflicting files found.
+0 🆗	codespell	0m 0s		codespell was not available.
+0 🆗	detsecrets	0m 0s		detect-secrets was not available.
+1 💚	@author	0m 0s		The patch does not contain any @author tags.
+1 💚	hbaseanti	0m 0s		Patch does not have any anti-patterns.
			_ master Compile Tests _
+0 🆗	mvndep	0m 12s		Maven dependency ordering for branch
+1 💚	mvninstall	3m 13s		master passed
+1 💚	compile	10m 45s		master passed
+1 💚	checkstyle	1m 15s		master passed
+1 💚	spotbugs	9m 8s		master passed
+1 💚	spotless	0m 46s		branch has no errors when running spotless:check.
			_ Patch Compile Tests _
+0 🆗	mvndep	0m 11s		Maven dependency ordering for patch
+1 💚	mvninstall	3m 2s		the patch passed
+1 💚	compile	10m 38s		the patch passed
+1 💚	javac	0m 8s		hbase-checkstyle in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 39s		hbase-common generated 0 new + 67 unchanged - 5 fixed = 67 total (was 72)
+1 💚	javac	0m 45s		hbase-client in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 20s		hbase-zookeeper generated 0 new + 48 unchanged - 1 fixed = 48 total (was 49)
+1 💚	javac	0m 18s		hbase-replication in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 23s		hbase-http in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 24s		hbase-procedure in the patch passed.
-0 ⚠️	javac	3m 6s	/results-compile-javac-hbase-server.txt	hbase-server generated 1 new + 192 unchanged - 1 fixed = 193 total (was 193)
-0 ⚠️	javac	0m 34s	/results-compile-javac-hbase-mapreduce.txt	hbase-mapreduce generated 2 new + 196 unchanged - 2 fixed = 198 total (was 198)
+1 💚	javac	0m 25s		hbase-diagnostics in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 41s		hbase-thrift in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 24s		hbase-endpoint in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 28s		hbase-backup in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 30s		hbase-it in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 32s		hbase-rest in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 24s		hbase-examples generated 0 new + 8 unchanged - 5 fixed = 8 total (was 13)
+1 💚	javac	0m 20s		hbase-hbtop in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 18s		hbase-compression-zstd in the patch passed.
+1 💚	blanks	0m 0s		The patch has no blanks issues.
-0 ⚠️	checkstyle	1m 11s	/results-checkstyle-root.txt	root: The patch generated 3 new + 164 unchanged - 2 fixed = 167 total (was 166)
+1 💚	xmllint	0m 1s		No new issues.
+1 💚	spotbugs	11m 33s		the patch passed
+1 💚	hadoopcheck	12m 13s		Patch does not cause any errors with Hadoop 3.3.6 3.4.0.
+1 💚	spotless	0m 47s		patch has no errors when running spotless:check.
			_ Other Tests _
+1 💚	asflicense	2m 27s		The patch does not generate ASF License warnings.
		78m 50s

Subsystem	Report/Notes
Docker	ClientAPI=1.43 ServerAPI=1.43 base: https://ci-hbase.apache.org/job/HBase-PreCommit-GitHub-PR/job/PR-6932/4/artifact/yetus-general-check/output/Dockerfile
GITHUB PR	#6932
Optional Tests	dupname asflicense javac spotbugs checkstyle codespell detsecrets compile hadoopcheck hbaseanti spotless xmllint
uname	Linux bfdf36491ca2 5.4.0-1103-aws #111~18.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Tue May 23 20:04:10 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Build tool	maven
Personality	dev-support/hbase-personality.sh
git revision	master / `20fc7b0`
Default Java	Eclipse Adoptium-17.0.11+9
Max. process+thread count	86 (vs. ulimit of 30000)
modules	C: hbase-checkstyle hbase-common hbase-client hbase-zookeeper hbase-replication hbase-http hbase-procedure hbase-server hbase-mapreduce hbase-diagnostics hbase-thrift hbase-endpoint hbase-backup hbase-it hbase-rest hbase-examples hbase-hbtop hbase-compression/hbase-compression-zstd U: .
Console output	https://ci-hbase.apache.org/job/HBase-PreCommit-GitHub-PR/job/PR-6932/4/console
versions	git=2.34.1 maven=3.9.8 spotbugs=4.7.3 xmllint=20913
Powered by	Apache Yetus 0.15.0 https://yetus.apache.org

This message was automatically generated.

Apache-HBase · 2025-04-30T11:39:34Z

🎊 +1 overall

Vote	Subsystem	Runtime	Logfile	Comment
+0 🆗	reexec	0m 33s		Docker mode activated.
-0 ⚠️	yetus	0m 6s		Unprocessed flag(s): --brief-report-file --spotbugs-strict-precheck --author-ignore-list --blanks-eol-ignore-file --blanks-tabs-ignore-file --quick-hadoopcheck
			_ Prechecks _
			_ master Compile Tests _
+0 🆗	mvndep	0m 10s		Maven dependency ordering for branch
+1 💚	mvninstall	3m 12s		master passed
+1 💚	compile	5m 50s		master passed
+1 💚	javadoc	4m 18s		master passed
+1 💚	shadedjars	5m 56s		branch has no errors when building our shaded downstream artifacts.
			_ Patch Compile Tests _
+0 🆗	mvndep	0m 12s		Maven dependency ordering for patch
+1 💚	mvninstall	3m 1s		the patch passed
+1 💚	compile	5m 45s		the patch passed
+1 💚	javac	0m 8s		hbase-checkstyle in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 20s		hbase-common generated 0 new + 3 unchanged - 9 fixed = 3 total (was 12)
+1 💚	javac	0m 20s		hbase-client in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 14s		hbase-zookeeper generated 0 new + 3 unchanged - 2 fixed = 3 total (was 5)
+1 💚	javac	0m 13s		hbase-replication in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 17s		hbase-http in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 14s		hbase-procedure in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 57s		hbase-server generated 0 new + 13 unchanged - 6 fixed = 13 total (was 19)
+1 💚	javac	0m 19s		hbase-mapreduce generated 0 new + 0 unchanged - 24 fixed = 0 total (was 24)
+1 💚	javac	0m 18s		hbase-diagnostics in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 25s		hbase-thrift in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 17s		hbase-endpoint in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 18s		hbase-backup in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 20s		hbase-it in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 20s		hbase-rest in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 18s		hbase-examples generated 0 new + 0 unchanged - 5 fixed = 0 total (was 5)
+1 💚	javac	0m 13s		hbase-hbtop in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javac	0m 14s		hbase-compression-zstd in the patch passed.
+1 💚	javadoc	4m 16s		the patch passed
+1 💚	shadedjars	5m 50s		patch has no errors when building our shaded downstream artifacts.
			_ Other Tests _
+1 💚	unit	0m 9s		hbase-checkstyle in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	2m 10s		hbase-common in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	1m 35s		hbase-client in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	0m 43s		hbase-zookeeper in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	0m 27s		hbase-replication in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	0m 50s		hbase-http in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	1m 30s		hbase-procedure in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	210m 44s		hbase-server in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	21m 30s		hbase-mapreduce in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	5m 32s		hbase-diagnostics in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	6m 59s		hbase-thrift in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	3m 48s		hbase-endpoint in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	16m 0s		hbase-backup in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	1m 15s		hbase-it in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	5m 8s		hbase-rest in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	2m 59s		hbase-examples in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	0m 58s		hbase-hbtop in the patch passed.
+1 💚	unit	6m 6s		hbase-compression-zstd in the patch passed.
		336m 1s

Subsystem	Report/Notes
Docker	ClientAPI=1.43 ServerAPI=1.43 base: https://ci-hbase.apache.org/job/HBase-PreCommit-GitHub-PR/job/PR-6932/4/artifact/yetus-jdk17-hadoop3-check/output/Dockerfile
GITHUB PR	#6932
Optional Tests	javac javadoc unit compile shadedjars
uname	Linux 320fae4bc836 5.4.0-1103-aws #111~18.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Tue May 23 20:04:10 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Build tool	maven
Personality	dev-support/hbase-personality.sh
git revision	master / `20fc7b0`
Default Java	Eclipse Adoptium-17.0.11+9
Test Results	https://ci-hbase.apache.org/job/HBase-PreCommit-GitHub-PR/job/PR-6932/4/testReport/
Max. process+thread count	5396 (vs. ulimit of 30000)
modules	C: hbase-checkstyle hbase-common hbase-client hbase-zookeeper hbase-replication hbase-http hbase-procedure hbase-server hbase-mapreduce hbase-diagnostics hbase-thrift hbase-endpoint hbase-backup hbase-it hbase-rest hbase-examples hbase-hbtop hbase-compression/hbase-compression-zstd U: .
Console output	https://ci-hbase.apache.org/job/HBase-PreCommit-GitHub-PR/job/PR-6932/4/console
versions	git=2.34.1 maven=3.9.8
Powered by	Apache Yetus 0.15.0 https://yetus.apache.org

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NihalJain · 2025-05-07T12:12:30Z

WDYT about this approach? @stoty @ndimiduk @Apache9

stoty · 2025-05-07T12:19:50Z

Two general comments:

The description is too generic. SecurityManager is used in other places, mainly via HAdoop/UGI, which this patch does not fix.
I suggest rewording it to reflect that this change is specific to the SecurityManager usage for tests with system.exit.

My other questions regarding JVM re-use in tests:
Have you considered that the ExitHandler is JVM global ? Could that cause problems with test classes that may trigger exitHandler from multiple tests methods ? Could that be an issue when the JVM is re-used for the non-needsowncluster tests ?

Apache9 · 2025-05-07T13:44:49Z

What if there are System.exit calls in the libraries we used? Like hadoop?

stoty · 2025-05-07T14:10:40Z

Hadoop uses similar ExitHandler mechanism(s).
We're doing something very similar (Replacing remaining SecurtityManager usages for system.exit) in Hadoop for 3.5.

But you're right in that Hadoop should expose this functionality in a standard manner so that we can set this in our tests for Hadoop jobs.

Unfortunately I'm not aware of a universal solution.

@NihalJain

# HBASE-27594: Replace SecurityManager with ExitHandler for JDK17 compatibility ## What? I've replaced the deprecated `SecurityManager` usage in HBase tests with a custom `ExitHandler` singleton pattern. This includes: - New `ExitHandler` class that intercepts `System.exit()` calls without using SecurityManager - Updated `SystemExitRule` to use the new ExitHandler approach - New `LauncherExitHandler` for main method testing scenarios - Removed deprecated `TestSecurityManager` and `LauncherSecurityManager` classes - Updated 15+ test files to use the new approach - Added checkstyle rule to prevent direct `System.exit()` calls The implementation maintains full backward compatibility - existing test code continues to work without any changes. ## Why? The `SecurityManager` class has been deprecated in JDK17 and will be removed in future JDK releases. HBase tests extensively use SecurityManager to intercept `System.exit()` calls for testing purposes, which prevents HBase from being fully compatible with JDK17. This change removes that dependency and makes our path to future JDK upgrades easier. This addresses the warnings we see in tests: ``` WARNING: System::setSecurityManager has been called by org.apache.hadoop.hbase.SystemExitRule WARNING: System::setSecurityManager will be removed in a future release ``` ## How? I created a singleton `ExitHandler` class that provides the same functionality as SecurityManager for exit interception: - **ExitHandler**: Thread-safe singleton that prevents `System.exit()` calls and throws `SecurityException` when exit is prevented - **LauncherExitHandler**: Replaces `LauncherSecurityManager` for main method testing, capturing exit codes and preventing actual JVM termination - **SystemExitRule**: Updated to use ExitHandler internally, maintaining the same API for existing tests The approach is simpler than SecurityManager (no reflection needed) and more performant (no security manager overhead). ## Testing? I've added comprehensive test coverage: - **TestExitHandler**: 6 tests covering singleton behavior, exit prevention, and exception handling - **TestLauncherExitHandler**: 3 tests verifying main method exit interception - **TestSystemExitInTest**: Verifies SystemExitRule works correctly with the new approach All tests pass successfully. The implementation is backward compatible - existing test code using `SystemExitRule` continues to work without changes. ## Screenshots N/A - Backend infrastructure change ## Anything Else? This implementation was inspired by [PR apache#6932](apache#6932) by @NihalJain, which first proposed the `ExitHandler` approach. Our implementation expands on that work with: - Enhanced `LauncherExitHandler` for main method testing - Comprehensive test coverage and unit tests - Checkstyle rules to prevent direct `System.exit()` calls - Updated documentation and migration guides The `ExitHandler` approach is more flexible than SecurityManager and can be extended for additional exit interception needs in the future. Consider migrating other projects that use SecurityManager to similar patterns. ## Related Issues - **HBASE-27594**: Replace SecurityManager with ExitHandler for JDK17 compatibility - **HBASE-26038**: Support JDK17 (parent issue)

NihalJain marked this pull request as draft April 24, 2025 05:35

NihalJain commented Apr 24, 2025

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hbase-common/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/SystemExitRule.java Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved

NihalJain commented Apr 24, 2025

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NihalJain force-pushed the HBASE-27594 branch from ac8f985 to df07bcb Compare April 24, 2025 05:49

NihalJain commented Apr 24, 2025

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NihalJain requested a review from Copilot April 24, 2025 05:58

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HBASE-27594 [JDK17] SecurityManager is deprecated since JDK17

20fc7b0

NihalJain force-pushed the HBASE-27594 branch from df07bcb to 20fc7b0 Compare April 24, 2025 06:33

HBASE-27594 [JDK17] SecurityManager is deprecated since JDK17 #6932

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HBASE-27594 [JDK17] SecurityManager is deprecated since JDK17 #6932

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