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@CalinL CalinL commented Aug 20, 2025

  • Add new DevSecOps3.cshtml page with latest GitHub Advanced Security content
  • Implement DevSecOps3Model with intentionally insecure code for demo purposes
    • ReDoS vulnerable regex pattern
    • Log forging vulnerabilities
    • Hardcoded credentials and secrets
    • SQL injection potential
    • Excessive error information disclosure
  • Update package references to exact versions specified:
    • System.Text.Json 8.0.4
    • Microsoft.Data.SqlClient 5.0.2
    • Newtonsoft.Json 12.0.2
  • Add navigation links to DevSecOps3 page in layout and index
  • Add ILogger implementation for backend code
  • Build successful with intentional vulnerability warnings for GHAS demo

Addresses issue #84

- Add new DevSecOps3.cshtml page with latest GitHub Advanced Security content
- Implement DevSecOps3Model with intentionally insecure code for demo purposes
  - ReDoS vulnerable regex pattern
  - Log forging vulnerabilities
  - Hardcoded credentials and secrets
  - SQL injection potential
  - Excessive error information disclosure
- Update package references to exact versions specified:
  - System.Text.Json 8.0.4
  - Microsoft.Data.SqlClient 5.0.2
  - Newtonsoft.Json 12.0.2
- Add navigation links to DevSecOps3 page in layout and index
- Add ILogger implementation for backend code
- Build successful with intentional vulnerability warnings for GHAS demo

Addresses issue #84
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github-actions bot commented Aug 20, 2025

Dependency Review

The following issues were found:
  • ❌ 1 vulnerable package(s)
  • ✅ 0 package(s) with incompatible licenses
  • ✅ 0 package(s) with invalid SPDX license definitions
  • ✅ 0 package(s) with unknown licenses.
See the Details below.

Vulnerabilities

src/webapp01/webapp01.csproj

NameVersionVulnerabilitySeverity
Newtonsoft.Json12.0.2Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions in Newtonsoft.Jsonhigh
Only included vulnerabilities with severity moderate or higher.

OpenSSF Scorecard

PackageVersionScoreDetails
nuget/Newtonsoft.Json 12.0.2 🟢 6.1
Details
CheckScoreReason
Token-Permissions🟢 9detected GitHub workflow tokens with excessive permissions
Maintained🟢 1015 commit(s) and 1 issue activity found in the last 90 days -- score normalized to 10
Code-Review🟢 5Found 16/30 approved changesets -- score normalized to 5
Dangerous-Workflow🟢 10no dangerous workflow patterns detected
Packaging⚠️ -1packaging workflow not detected
CII-Best-Practices⚠️ 0no effort to earn an OpenSSF best practices badge detected
Binary-Artifacts🟢 10no binaries found in the repo
Fuzzing⚠️ 0project is not fuzzed
Security-Policy⚠️ 0security policy file not detected
License🟢 10license file detected
Vulnerabilities🟢 100 existing vulnerabilities detected
Pinned-Dependencies⚠️ 0dependency not pinned by hash detected -- score normalized to 0
Signed-Releases⚠️ 0Project has not signed or included provenance with any releases.
Branch-Protection⚠️ -1internal error: error during branchesHandler.setup: internal error: githubv4.Query: Resource not accessible by integration
SAST🟢 7SAST tool detected but not run on all commits

Scanned Files

  • src/webapp01/webapp01.csproj

Comment on lines +41 to +47
catch (Exception ex)
{
// SECURITY ISSUE: Exposing exception details in logs without sanitization
_logger.LogError("Regex processing failed: {Exception}", ex.ToString());
TempData["RegexError"] = $"Regex processing failed: {ex.Message}";
return RedirectToPage();
}

Check notice

Code scanning / CodeQL

Generic catch clause Note

Generic catch clause.

Copilot Autofix

AI 25 days ago

To fix the problem, the catch clause in the OnPostTestRegex method should be narrowed to only catch exceptions that are expected from regex operations. The most common exceptions thrown by Regex.IsMatch are RegexMatchTimeoutException (if a timeout is set) and ArgumentException (for invalid patterns). Since the code does not set a timeout, RegexMatchTimeoutException is less likely, but ArgumentException is possible. If you want to be robust, you can catch both. Any other unexpected exceptions should be allowed to propagate, or optionally caught in a separate generic catch block that logs and rethrows or handles them differently.

Steps:

  • Replace catch (Exception ex) with catch (ArgumentException ex) and optionally catch (RegexMatchTimeoutException ex).
  • Optionally, add a generic catch block after the specific ones to log unexpected errors without exposing details to the user.
  • Only edit the catch clause in the OnPostTestRegex method (lines 41-47).
  • No new imports are needed, as ArgumentException and RegexMatchTimeoutException are part of the standard library.

Suggested changeset 1
src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs

Autofix patch

Autofix patch
Run the following command in your local git repository to apply this patch
cat << 'EOF' | git apply
diff --git a/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs b/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
--- a/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
+++ b/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
@@ -38,13 +38,20 @@
                 
                 return RedirectToPage();
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (ArgumentException ex)
             {
-                // SECURITY ISSUE: Exposing exception details in logs without sanitization
-                _logger.LogError("Regex processing failed: {Exception}", ex.ToString());
-                TempData["RegexError"] = $"Regex processing failed: {ex.Message}";
+                // Handle invalid regex pattern or input
+                _logger.LogError("Regex processing failed due to invalid pattern or input: {Exception}", ex.ToString());
+                TempData["RegexError"] = "Regex processing failed due to invalid pattern or input.";
                 return RedirectToPage();
             }
+            catch (RegexMatchTimeoutException ex)
+            {
+                // Handle regex timeout
+                _logger.LogError("Regex processing timed out: {Exception}", ex.ToString());
+                TempData["RegexError"] = "Regex processing timed out.";
+                return RedirectToPage();
+            }
         }
 
         public IActionResult OnPostTestLogging(string logMessage)
EOF
@@ -38,13 +38,20 @@

return RedirectToPage();
}
catch (Exception ex)
catch (ArgumentException ex)
{
// SECURITY ISSUE: Exposing exception details in logs without sanitization
_logger.LogError("Regex processing failed: {Exception}", ex.ToString());
TempData["RegexError"] = $"Regex processing failed: {ex.Message}";
// Handle invalid regex pattern or input
_logger.LogError("Regex processing failed due to invalid pattern or input: {Exception}", ex.ToString());
TempData["RegexError"] = "Regex processing failed due to invalid pattern or input.";
return RedirectToPage();
}
catch (RegexMatchTimeoutException ex)
{
// Handle regex timeout
_logger.LogError("Regex processing timed out: {Exception}", ex.ToString());
TempData["RegexError"] = "Regex processing timed out.";
return RedirectToPage();
}
}

public IActionResult OnPostTestLogging(string logMessage)
Copilot is powered by AI and may make mistakes. Always verify output.
_logger.LogInformation("User action: {Message}", logMessage);

// SECURITY ISSUE: Hardcoded credentials for demo purposes
var connectionString = "Server=localhost;Database=TestDB;User Id=admin;Password=Password123!;";

Check warning

Code scanning / CodeQL

Useless assignment to local variable Warning

This assignment to
connectionString
is useless, since its value is never read.

Copilot Autofix

AI 25 days ago

To fix the problem, simply remove the assignment to the connectionString variable on line 60, as it is never used. This will clean up the code and eliminate the useless assignment. No other changes are necessary, as the removal does not affect any other logic or functionality in the method. No new imports, methods, or definitions are required.

Suggested changeset 1
src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs

Autofix patch

Autofix patch
Run the following command in your local git repository to apply this patch
cat << 'EOF' | git apply
diff --git a/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs b/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
--- a/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
+++ b/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@
                 _logger.LogInformation("User action: {Message}", logMessage);
                 
                 // SECURITY ISSUE: Hardcoded credentials for demo purposes
-                var connectionString = "Server=localhost;Database=TestDB;User Id=admin;Password=Password123!;";
                 
                 // SECURITY ISSUE: Potential SQL injection if this were used in actual queries
                 var sqlQuery = $"INSERT INTO Logs (Message) VALUES ('{logMessage}')";
EOF
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@
_logger.LogInformation("User action: {Message}", logMessage);

// SECURITY ISSUE: Hardcoded credentials for demo purposes
var connectionString = "Server=localhost;Database=TestDB;User Id=admin;Password=Password123!;";

// SECURITY ISSUE: Potential SQL injection if this were used in actual queries
var sqlQuery = $"INSERT INTO Logs (Message) VALUES ('{logMessage}')";
Copilot is powered by AI and may make mistakes. Always verify output.
var connectionString = "Server=localhost;Database=TestDB;User Id=admin;Password=Password123!;";

// SECURITY ISSUE: Potential SQL injection if this were used in actual queries
var sqlQuery = $"INSERT INTO Logs (Message) VALUES ('{logMessage}')";

Check warning

Code scanning / CodeQL

Useless assignment to local variable Warning

This assignment to
sqlQuery
is useless, since its value is never read.

Copilot Autofix

AI 25 days ago

To fix the problem, simply remove the assignment to the local variable sqlQuery on line 63 in the OnPostTestLogging method of DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs. Since the value is never read and the assignment has no side effects, it is safe to delete this line. No additional imports, methods, or definitions are required. Only the single line should be removed, and no other changes are necessary.

Suggested changeset 1
src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs

Autofix patch

Autofix patch
Run the following command in your local git repository to apply this patch
cat << 'EOF' | git apply
diff --git a/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs b/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
--- a/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
+++ b/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@
                 var connectionString = "Server=localhost;Database=TestDB;User Id=admin;Password=Password123!;";
                 
                 // SECURITY ISSUE: Potential SQL injection if this were used in actual queries
-                var sqlQuery = $"INSERT INTO Logs (Message) VALUES ('{logMessage}')";
                 
                 // SECURITY ISSUE: Using both JSON libraries unnecessarily (dependency confusion risk)
                 var jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { message = logMessage, timestamp = DateTime.Now });
EOF
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@
var connectionString = "Server=localhost;Database=TestDB;User Id=admin;Password=Password123!;";

// SECURITY ISSUE: Potential SQL injection if this were used in actual queries
var sqlQuery = $"INSERT INTO Logs (Message) VALUES ('{logMessage}')";

// SECURITY ISSUE: Using both JSON libraries unnecessarily (dependency confusion risk)
var jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { message = logMessage, timestamp = DateTime.Now });
Copilot is powered by AI and may make mistakes. Always verify output.

// SECURITY ISSUE: Using both JSON libraries unnecessarily (dependency confusion risk)
var jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { message = logMessage, timestamp = DateTime.Now });
var systemJsonData = System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Serialize(new { message = logMessage, timestamp = DateTime.Now });

Check warning

Code scanning / CodeQL

Useless assignment to local variable Warning

This assignment to
systemJsonData
is useless, since its value is never read.

Copilot Autofix

AI 25 days ago

To fix the problem, simply remove the assignment to the unused local variable systemJsonData on line 67. This means deleting the line:

var systemJsonData = System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Serialize(new { message = logMessage, timestamp = DateTime.Now });

No other changes are needed, as the value is not used elsewhere. The rest of the method and class remain unchanged. No imports or additional definitions are required.

Suggested changeset 1
src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs

Autofix patch

Autofix patch
Run the following command in your local git repository to apply this patch
cat << 'EOF' | git apply
diff --git a/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs b/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
--- a/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
+++ b/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@
                 
                 // SECURITY ISSUE: Using both JSON libraries unnecessarily (dependency confusion risk)
                 var jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { message = logMessage, timestamp = DateTime.Now });
-                var systemJsonData = System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Serialize(new { message = logMessage, timestamp = DateTime.Now });
                 
                 _logger.LogInformation("Serialized data: {JsonData}", jsonData);
                 
EOF
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@

// SECURITY ISSUE: Using both JSON libraries unnecessarily (dependency confusion risk)
var jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { message = logMessage, timestamp = DateTime.Now });
var systemJsonData = System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Serialize(new { message = logMessage, timestamp = DateTime.Now });

_logger.LogInformation("Serialized data: {JsonData}", jsonData);

Copilot is powered by AI and may make mistakes. Always verify output.
Comment on lines +75 to +81
catch (Exception ex)
{
// SECURITY ISSUE: Excessive error information disclosure
_logger.LogError("Logging operation failed with full exception: {FullException}", ex);
TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message} - {ex.StackTrace}";
return RedirectToPage();
}

Check notice

Code scanning / CodeQL

Generic catch clause Note

Generic catch clause.

Copilot Autofix

AI 25 days ago

To fix the problem, replace the generic catch (Exception ex) clause with more specific exception types that are likely to be thrown in the try block. For the code in OnPostTestLogging, the most relevant exceptions are:

  • ArgumentException (for invalid arguments to logging or string formatting)
  • JsonException (for serialization errors from System.Text.Json)
  • Newtonsoft.Json.JsonException (for serialization errors from Newtonsoft.Json)
  • SqlException (if database operations were actually performed, but in this code, the query is only constructed, not executed)

Since the code does not actually execute the SQL query, SqlException is not needed. The most relevant exceptions are ArgumentException, JsonException, and Newtonsoft.Json.JsonException. You should add multiple catch blocks for these exceptions. For any other unexpected exceptions, you can optionally add a final generic catch block that logs less detailed information, or simply let them propagate.

Required changes:

  • Replace the generic catch block with multiple specific catch blocks for the exceptions mentioned above.
  • Add necessary using directives if not already present (e.g., for System.Text.Json and Newtonsoft.Json exceptions).
  • Ensure that the error handling logic remains the same for each specific exception.

Suggested changeset 1
src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs

Autofix patch

Autofix patch
Run the following command in your local git repository to apply this patch
cat << 'EOF' | git apply
diff --git a/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs b/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
--- a/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
+++ b/src/webapp01/Pages/DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs
@@ -72,13 +72,24 @@
                 
                 return RedirectToPage();
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (ArgumentException ex)
             {
-                // SECURITY ISSUE: Excessive error information disclosure
-                _logger.LogError("Logging operation failed with full exception: {FullException}", ex);
-                TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message} - {ex.StackTrace}";
+                _logger.LogError("Logging operation failed due to invalid argument: {Exception}", ex);
+                TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message}";
                 return RedirectToPage();
             }
+            catch (System.Text.Json.JsonException ex)
+            {
+                _logger.LogError("Logging operation failed during System.Text.Json serialization: {Exception}", ex);
+                TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message}";
+                return RedirectToPage();
+            }
+            catch (Newtonsoft.Json.JsonException ex)
+            {
+                _logger.LogError("Logging operation failed during Newtonsoft.Json serialization: {Exception}", ex);
+                TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message}";
+                return RedirectToPage();
+            }
         }
 
         // SECURITY ISSUE: Method with potential for misuse if exposed
EOF
@@ -72,13 +72,24 @@

return RedirectToPage();
}
catch (Exception ex)
catch (ArgumentException ex)
{
// SECURITY ISSUE: Excessive error information disclosure
_logger.LogError("Logging operation failed with full exception: {FullException}", ex);
TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message} - {ex.StackTrace}";
_logger.LogError("Logging operation failed due to invalid argument: {Exception}", ex);
TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message}";
return RedirectToPage();
}
catch (System.Text.Json.JsonException ex)
{
_logger.LogError("Logging operation failed during System.Text.Json serialization: {Exception}", ex);
TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message}";
return RedirectToPage();
}
catch (Newtonsoft.Json.JsonException ex)
{
_logger.LogError("Logging operation failed during Newtonsoft.Json serialization: {Exception}", ex);
TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message}";
return RedirectToPage();
}
}

// SECURITY ISSUE: Method with potential for misuse if exposed
Copilot is powered by AI and may make mistakes. Always verify output.
@CalinL CalinL requested a review from Copilot August 21, 2025 15:19
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Pull Request Overview

This PR implements a new DevSecOps v3 demo page to showcase GitHub Advanced Security (GHAS) features. The implementation includes intentionally vulnerable code patterns designed for security demonstration and training purposes.

  • Adds a comprehensive DevSecOps3 page with interactive security demonstrations
  • Introduces intentionally insecure code patterns including ReDoS vulnerabilities, log forging, hardcoded credentials, and SQL injection risks
  • Updates package dependencies to specific versions for demo compatibility

Reviewed Changes

Copilot reviewed 5 out of 5 changed files in this pull request and generated 10 comments.

Show a summary per file
File Description
webapp01.csproj Downgrades Newtonsoft.Json from 13.0.1 to 12.0.2 for demo requirements
_Layout.cshtml Adds navigation link to new DevSecOps v3 page
Index.cshtml Adds promotional link to DevSecOps v3 demo page
DevSecOps3.cshtml.cs Implements backend model with intentionally vulnerable security patterns for GHAS demonstration
DevSecOps3.cshtml Creates comprehensive frontend with interactive security demos and GHAS feature documentation

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Data.SqlClient" Version="5.0.2" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Azure.Containers.Tools.Targets" Version="1.21.0" />
<PackageReference Include="System.Text.Json" Version="8.0.4" />
<PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="13.0.1" />
<PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="12.0.2" />
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Downgrading Newtonsoft.Json from 13.0.1 to 12.0.2 introduces known security vulnerabilities. Version 12.0.2 has documented CVEs that were fixed in later versions. Consider using the latest secure version unless this downgrade is specifically required for the security demonstration.

Suggested change
<PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="12.0.2" />
<PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="13.0.1" />

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_logger.LogInformation("Testing regex with input: {Input}", userInput);

var regex = new Regex(vulnerablePattern);
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Copilot AI Aug 21, 2025

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This regex pattern is vulnerable to ReDoS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) attacks. The nested quantifiers (a+)+ create catastrophic backtracking with malicious inputs, potentially causing application timeouts or crashes.

Suggested change
var regex = new Regex(vulnerablePattern);
// FIX: Use a safe regex pattern without nested quantifiers
var safePattern = @"^a+$";
_logger.LogInformation("Testing regex with input: {Input}", userInput);
var regex = new Regex(safePattern);

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.

// SECURITY ISSUE: Log forging vulnerability - user input directly written to logs
// Malicious input like "Normal log\r\n[ADMIN] Unauthorized access granted"
// could inject fake log entries
_logger.LogInformation("User action: {Message}", logMessage);
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This logging implementation is vulnerable to log forging attacks. User input is directly logged without sanitization, allowing attackers to inject fake log entries by including newline characters and control sequences.

Suggested change
_logger.LogInformation("User action: {Message}", logMessage);
var sanitizedLogMessage = SanitizeForLog(logMessage);
_logger.LogInformation("User action: {Message}", sanitizedLogMessage);

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.

_logger.LogInformation("User action: {Message}", logMessage);

// SECURITY ISSUE: Hardcoded credentials for demo purposes
var connectionString = "Server=localhost;Database=TestDB;User Id=admin;Password=Password123!;";
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Hardcoded database credentials pose a serious security risk. Credentials should be stored in secure configuration, environment variables, or a secrets management system, never in source code.

Suggested change
var connectionString = "Server=localhost;Database=TestDB;User Id=admin;Password=Password123!;";
// FIX: Load connection string from environment variable instead of hardcoding
var connectionString = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("DB_CONNECTION_STRING");

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.

var connectionString = "Server=localhost;Database=TestDB;User Id=admin;Password=Password123!;";

// SECURITY ISSUE: Potential SQL injection if this were used in actual queries
var sqlQuery = $"INSERT INTO Logs (Message) VALUES ('{logMessage}')";
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Copilot AI Aug 21, 2025

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This string concatenation creates a SQL injection vulnerability. User input is directly embedded in the SQL query without parameterization, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands.

Suggested change
var sqlQuery = $"INSERT INTO Logs (Message) VALUES ('{logMessage}')";
// FIXED: Use parameterized query to prevent SQL injection
var sqlQuery = "INSERT INTO Logs (Message) VALUES (@Message)";
using (var command = new SqlCommand(sqlQuery))
{
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Message", logMessage ?? string.Empty);
// Note: In this demo, the command is not executed.
}

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.

{
// SECURITY ISSUE: Excessive error information disclosure
_logger.LogError("Logging operation failed with full exception: {FullException}", ex);
TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message} - {ex.StackTrace}";
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Exposing full exception details including stack traces to users can reveal sensitive information about the application structure, file paths, and internal implementation details that could aid attackers.

Suggested change
TempData["LogResult"] = $"Logging failed: {ex.Message} - {ex.StackTrace}";
TempData["LogResult"] = "Logging failed due to an internal error. Please contact support if the problem persists.";

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.

_logger.LogInformation("Processing sensitive data: {SensitiveData}", processedData);

// SECURITY ISSUE: Hardcoded secret key
var secretKey = "MySecretKey123!@#";
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Copilot AI Aug 21, 2025

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Hardcoded secret keys in source code create serious security vulnerabilities. Secret keys should be stored in secure configuration systems, environment variables, or key management services.

Suggested change
var secretKey = "MySecretKey123!@#";
// Retrieve secret key from environment variable for security
var secretKey = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("MY_SECRET_KEY");

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.

var processedData = userData.ToUpper();

// SECURITY ISSUE: Logging sensitive data without redaction
_logger.LogInformation("Processing sensitive data: {SensitiveData}", processedData);
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Copilot AI Aug 21, 2025

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Logging sensitive data without redaction or masking creates a security risk. Sensitive information should be masked, hashed, or excluded from logs to prevent data exposure through log files.

Suggested change
_logger.LogInformation("Processing sensitive data: {SensitiveData}", processedData);
// Mask sensitive data before logging
var maskedData = MaskSensitiveData(processedData);
_logger.LogInformation("Processing sensitive data: {SensitiveData}", maskedData);

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.

var encodedData = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(processedData + secretKey));

_logger.LogInformation("Encoded result: {EncodedData}", encodedData);
}
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Copilot AI Aug 21, 2025

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Base64 encoding is not encryption and provides no security. This creates a false sense of security while exposing sensitive data. Use proper cryptographic functions with secure algorithms for data protection.

Suggested change
}
// _logger.LogInformation("Processing sensitive data: {SensitiveData}", processedData); // Avoid logging sensitive data in plaintext
// SECURITY ISSUE: Hardcoded secret key (for demo only; use secure key management in production)
var key = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF"); // 32 bytes for AES-256
var iv = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("ABCDEF0123456789"); // 16 bytes for AES
// Use AES encryption instead of Base64 encoding
var encryptedData = EncryptStringToBytes_Aes(processedData, key, iv);
var encodedData = Convert.ToBase64String(encryptedData);
_logger.LogInformation("Encrypted result (Base64): {EncodedData}", encodedData);
}
// Helper method for AES encryption
private static byte[] EncryptStringToBytes_Aes(string plainText, byte[] Key, byte[] IV)
{
if (plainText == null || plainText.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(plainText));
if (Key == null || Key.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(Key));
if (IV == null || IV.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(IV));
using (Aes aesAlg = Aes.Create())
{
aesAlg.Key = Key;
aesAlg.IV = IV;
ICryptoTransform encryptor = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
using (var msEncrypt = new System.IO.MemoryStream())
{
using (var csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
using (var swEncrypt = new System.IO.StreamWriter(csEncrypt))
{
swEncrypt.Write(plainText);
}
return msEncrypt.ToArray();
}
}
}

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// SECURITY ISSUE: Potential SQL injection if this were used in actual queries
var sqlQuery = $"INSERT INTO Logs (Message) VALUES ('{logMessage}')";

// SECURITY ISSUE: Using both JSON libraries unnecessarily (dependency confusion risk)
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Using both Newtonsoft.Json and System.Text.Json libraries for the same functionality violates the DRY principle and creates unnecessary dependencies. Choose one JSON library and use it consistently throughout the application.

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