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[APINotes] Add support for SWIFT_RETURED_AS_UNRETAINED_BY_DEFAULT #138699

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This patch adds support in APINotes for annotating C++ user-defined types with: swift_attr("returned_as_unretained_by_default")
This attribute allows to specify a default ownership convention for return values of SWIFT_SHARED_REFERENCE c++ types. Specifically, it marks all unannotated return values of this type as unretained (+0) by default, unless explicitly overridden at the API level using swift_attr("returns_retained") or swift_attr("returns_unretained").

The corresponding Swift compiler support for this annotation enables developers to suppress warnings about unannotated return ownership in large codebases while maintaining safe and predictable ownership semantics. By enabling this in APINotes, library authors can define this behavior externally without needing to modify C++ source headers directly.

Example usage in APINotes:

- Name: RefCountedTypeWithDefaultConvention
  SwiftImportAs: reference
  SwiftDefaultOwnership: unretained

rdar://150764491

@fahadnayyar fahadnayyar requested a review from egorzhdan May 6, 2025 14:45
@fahadnayyar fahadnayyar self-assigned this May 6, 2025
@llvmbot llvmbot added clang Clang issues not falling into any other category clang:frontend Language frontend issues, e.g. anything involving "Sema" labels May 6, 2025
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llvmbot commented May 6, 2025

@llvm/pr-subscribers-clang

Author: None (fahadnayyar)

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This patch adds support in APINotes for annotating C++ user-defined types with: swift_attr("returned_as_unretained_by_default")
This attribute allows to specify a default ownership convention for return values of SWIFT_SHARED_REFERENCE c++ types. Specifically, it marks all unannotated return values of this type as unretained (+0) by default, unless explicitly overridden at the API level using swift_attr("returns_retained") or swift_attr("returns_unretained").

The corresponding Swift compiler support for this annotation enables developers to suppress warnings about unannotated return ownership in large codebases while maintaining safe and predictable ownership semantics. By enabling this in APINotes, library authors can define this behavior externally without needing to modify C++ source headers directly.

Example usage in APINotes:

- Name: RefCountedTypeWithDefaultConvention
  SwiftImportAs: reference
  SwiftDefaultOwnership: unretained

rdar://150764491


Full diff: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/138699.diff

8 Files Affected:

  • (modified) clang/include/clang/APINotes/Types.h (+4)
  • (modified) clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesReader.cpp (+7)
  • (modified) clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesWriter.cpp (+7)
  • (modified) clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesYAMLCompiler.cpp (+4)
  • (modified) clang/lib/Sema/SemaAPINotes.cpp (+3)
  • (modified) clang/test/APINotes/Inputs/Headers/SwiftImportAs.apinotes (+5)
  • (modified) clang/test/APINotes/Inputs/Headers/SwiftImportAs.h (+4)
  • (modified) clang/test/APINotes/swift-import-as.cpp (+8)
diff --git a/clang/include/clang/APINotes/Types.h b/clang/include/clang/APINotes/Types.h
index 9c01978fd49ef..0f2e49613b514 100644
--- a/clang/include/clang/APINotes/Types.h
+++ b/clang/include/clang/APINotes/Types.h
@@ -737,6 +737,7 @@ class TagInfo : public CommonTypeInfo {
   std::optional<std::string> SwiftImportAs;
   std::optional<std::string> SwiftRetainOp;
   std::optional<std::string> SwiftReleaseOp;
+  std::optional<std::string> SwiftDefaultOwnership;
 
   /// The Swift protocol that this type should be automatically conformed to.
   std::optional<std::string> SwiftConformance;
@@ -786,6 +787,8 @@ class TagInfo : public CommonTypeInfo {
       SwiftRetainOp = RHS.SwiftRetainOp;
     if (!SwiftReleaseOp)
       SwiftReleaseOp = RHS.SwiftReleaseOp;
+    if (!SwiftDefaultOwnership)
+      SwiftDefaultOwnership = RHS.SwiftDefaultOwnership;
 
     if (!SwiftConformance)
       SwiftConformance = RHS.SwiftConformance;
@@ -815,6 +818,7 @@ inline bool operator==(const TagInfo &LHS, const TagInfo &RHS) {
          LHS.SwiftImportAs == RHS.SwiftImportAs &&
          LHS.SwiftRetainOp == RHS.SwiftRetainOp &&
          LHS.SwiftReleaseOp == RHS.SwiftReleaseOp &&
+         LHS.SwiftDefaultOwnership == RHS.SwiftDefaultOwnership &&
          LHS.SwiftConformance == RHS.SwiftConformance &&
          LHS.isFlagEnum() == RHS.isFlagEnum() &&
          LHS.isSwiftCopyable() == RHS.isSwiftCopyable() &&
diff --git a/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesReader.cpp b/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesReader.cpp
index 646eabd2a5ecd..2ba30ca427ae4 100644
--- a/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesReader.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesReader.cpp
@@ -624,6 +624,13 @@ class TagTableInfo
                                         ReleaseOpLength - 1);
       Data += ReleaseOpLength - 1;
     }
+    unsigned DefaultOwnershipLength =
+        endian::readNext<uint16_t, llvm::endianness::little>(Data);
+    if (DefaultOwnershipLength > 0) {
+      Info.SwiftDefaultOwnership = std::string(
+          reinterpret_cast<const char *>(Data), DefaultOwnershipLength - 1);
+      Data += DefaultOwnershipLength - 1;
+    }
     if (unsigned ConformanceLength =
             endian::readNext<uint16_t, llvm::endianness::little>(Data)) {
       Info.SwiftConformance = std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(Data),
diff --git a/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesWriter.cpp b/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesWriter.cpp
index 1aae07bbdd30e..7578bc37b5c68 100644
--- a/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesWriter.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesWriter.cpp
@@ -1274,6 +1274,7 @@ class TagTableInfo : public CommonTypeTableInfo<TagTableInfo, TagInfo> {
     return 2 + (TI.SwiftImportAs ? TI.SwiftImportAs->size() : 0) +
            2 + (TI.SwiftRetainOp ? TI.SwiftRetainOp->size() : 0) +
            2 + (TI.SwiftReleaseOp ? TI.SwiftReleaseOp->size() : 0) +
+           2 + (TI.SwiftDefaultOwnership ? TI.SwiftDefaultOwnership->size() : 0) +
            2 + (TI.SwiftConformance ? TI.SwiftConformance->size() : 0) +
            3 + getCommonTypeInfoSize(TI);
     // clang-format on
@@ -1322,6 +1323,12 @@ class TagTableInfo : public CommonTypeTableInfo<TagTableInfo, TagInfo> {
     } else {
       writer.write<uint16_t>(0);
     }
+    if (auto DefaultOwnership = TI.SwiftDefaultOwnership) {
+      writer.write<uint16_t>(DefaultOwnership->size() + 1);
+      OS.write(DefaultOwnership->c_str(), DefaultOwnership->size());
+    } else {
+      writer.write<uint16_t>(0);
+    }
     if (auto Conformance = TI.SwiftConformance) {
       writer.write<uint16_t>(Conformance->size() + 1);
       OS.write(Conformance->c_str(), Conformance->size());
diff --git a/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesYAMLCompiler.cpp b/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesYAMLCompiler.cpp
index 414a59a4f12d0..803410c54c646 100644
--- a/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesYAMLCompiler.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/APINotes/APINotesYAMLCompiler.cpp
@@ -460,6 +460,7 @@ struct Tag {
   std::optional<std::string> SwiftImportAs;
   std::optional<std::string> SwiftRetainOp;
   std::optional<std::string> SwiftReleaseOp;
+  std::optional<std::string> SwiftDefaultOwnership;
   std::optional<std::string> SwiftConformance;
   std::optional<EnumExtensibilityKind> EnumExtensibility;
   std::optional<bool> FlagEnum;
@@ -500,6 +501,7 @@ template <> struct MappingTraits<Tag> {
     IO.mapOptional("SwiftImportAs", T.SwiftImportAs);
     IO.mapOptional("SwiftReleaseOp", T.SwiftReleaseOp);
     IO.mapOptional("SwiftRetainOp", T.SwiftRetainOp);
+    IO.mapOptional("SwiftDefaultOwnership", T.SwiftDefaultOwnership);
     IO.mapOptional("SwiftConformsTo", T.SwiftConformance);
     IO.mapOptional("EnumExtensibility", T.EnumExtensibility);
     IO.mapOptional("FlagEnum", T.FlagEnum);
@@ -990,6 +992,8 @@ class YAMLConverter {
       TI.SwiftReleaseOp = T.SwiftReleaseOp;
     if (T.SwiftConformance)
       TI.SwiftConformance = T.SwiftConformance;
+    if (T.SwiftDefaultOwnership)
+      TI.SwiftDefaultOwnership = T.SwiftDefaultOwnership;
 
     if (T.SwiftCopyable)
       TI.setSwiftCopyable(T.SwiftCopyable);
diff --git a/clang/lib/Sema/SemaAPINotes.cpp b/clang/lib/Sema/SemaAPINotes.cpp
index b354bb7b06435..def909fc2478d 100644
--- a/clang/lib/Sema/SemaAPINotes.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Sema/SemaAPINotes.cpp
@@ -643,6 +643,9 @@ static void ProcessAPINotes(Sema &S, TagDecl *D, const api_notes::TagInfo &Info,
   if (auto ReleaseOp = Info.SwiftReleaseOp)
     D->addAttr(
         SwiftAttrAttr::Create(S.Context, "release:" + ReleaseOp.value()));
+  if (auto DefaultOwnership = Info.SwiftDefaultOwnership)
+    D->addAttr(SwiftAttrAttr::Create(
+        S.Context, "returned_as_" + DefaultOwnership.value() + "_by_default"));
 
   if (auto ConformsTo = Info.SwiftConformance)
     D->addAttr(
diff --git a/clang/test/APINotes/Inputs/Headers/SwiftImportAs.apinotes b/clang/test/APINotes/Inputs/Headers/SwiftImportAs.apinotes
index 88e0da1382d6c..66fc46e50ba0d 100644
--- a/clang/test/APINotes/Inputs/Headers/SwiftImportAs.apinotes
+++ b/clang/test/APINotes/Inputs/Headers/SwiftImportAs.apinotes
@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ Tags:
   SwiftReleaseOp: RCRelease
   SwiftRetainOp: RCRetain
   SwiftConformsTo: MySwiftModule.MySwiftRefCountedProtocol
+- Name: RefCountedTypeWithDefaultConvention
+  SwiftImportAs: reference
+  SwiftReleaseOp: release
+  SwiftRetainOp: retain
+  SwiftDefaultOwnership: unretained
 - Name: NonCopyableType
   SwiftCopyable: false
   SwiftConformsTo: MySwiftModule.MySwiftNonCopyableProtocol
diff --git a/clang/test/APINotes/Inputs/Headers/SwiftImportAs.h b/clang/test/APINotes/Inputs/Headers/SwiftImportAs.h
index b6900fee8a979..20b8f04b4a914 100644
--- a/clang/test/APINotes/Inputs/Headers/SwiftImportAs.h
+++ b/clang/test/APINotes/Inputs/Headers/SwiftImportAs.h
@@ -19,3 +19,7 @@ struct CopyableType { int value; };
 
 struct NonEscapableType { int value; };
 struct EscapableType { int value; };
+
+struct RefCountedTypeWithDefaultConvention {};
+inline void retain(RefCountedType *x) {}
+inline void release(RefCountedType *x) {}
diff --git a/clang/test/APINotes/swift-import-as.cpp b/clang/test/APINotes/swift-import-as.cpp
index 3981ef1ed419a..929f924f2afee 100644
--- a/clang/test/APINotes/swift-import-as.cpp
+++ b/clang/test/APINotes/swift-import-as.cpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -fmodules -fblocks -fimplicit-module-maps -fmodules-cache-path=%t/ModulesCache -fdisable-module-hash -fapinotes-modules -fsyntax-only -I %S/Inputs/Headers %s -x c++
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -fmodules -fblocks -fimplicit-module-maps -fmodules-cache-path=%t/ModulesCache -fdisable-module-hash -fapinotes-modules -I %S/Inputs/Headers %s -x c++ -ast-dump -ast-dump-filter ImmortalRefType | FileCheck -check-prefix=CHECK-IMMORTAL %s
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -fmodules -fblocks -fimplicit-module-maps -fmodules-cache-path=%t/ModulesCache -fdisable-module-hash -fapinotes-modules -I %S/Inputs/Headers %s -x c++ -ast-dump -ast-dump-filter RefCountedType | FileCheck -check-prefix=CHECK-REF-COUNTED %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -fmodules -fblocks -fimplicit-module-maps -fmodules-cache-path=%t/ModulesCache -fdisable-module-hash -fapinotes-modules -I %S/Inputs/Headers %s -x c++ -ast-dump -ast-dump-filter RefCountedTypeWithDefaultConvention | FileCheck -check-prefix=CHECK-REF-COUNTED-DEFAULT %s
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -fmodules -fblocks -fimplicit-module-maps -fmodules-cache-path=%t/ModulesCache -fdisable-module-hash -fapinotes-modules -I %S/Inputs/Headers %s -x c++ -ast-dump -ast-dump-filter NonCopyableType | FileCheck -check-prefix=CHECK-NON-COPYABLE %s
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -fmodules -fblocks -fimplicit-module-maps -fmodules-cache-path=%t/ModulesCache -fdisable-module-hash -fapinotes-modules -I %S/Inputs/Headers %s -x c++ -ast-dump -ast-dump-filter CopyableType | FileCheck -check-prefix=CHECK-COPYABLE %s
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -fmodules -fblocks -fimplicit-module-maps -fmodules-cache-path=%t/ModulesCache -fdisable-module-hash -fapinotes-modules -I %S/Inputs/Headers %s -x c++ -ast-dump -ast-dump-filter NonEscapableType | FileCheck -check-prefix=CHECK-NON-ESCAPABLE %s
@@ -26,6 +27,13 @@
 // CHECK-REF-COUNTED: SwiftAttrAttr {{.+}} <<invalid sloc>> "release:RCRelease"
 // CHECK-REF-COUNTED: SwiftAttrAttr {{.+}} <<invalid sloc>> "conforms_to:MySwiftModule.MySwiftRefCountedProtocol"
 
+// CHECK-REF-COUNTED-DEFAULT: Dumping RefCountedTypeWithDefaultConvention:
+// CHECK-REF-COUNTED-DEFAULT-NEXT: CXXRecordDecl {{.+}} imported in SwiftImportAs {{.+}} struct RefCountedTypeWithDefaultConvention
+// CHECK-REF-COUNTED-DEFAULT: SwiftAttrAttr {{.+}} <<invalid sloc>> "import_reference"
+// CHECK-REF-COUNTED-DEFAULT: SwiftAttrAttr {{.+}} <<invalid sloc>> "retain:retain"
+// CHECK-REF-COUNTED-DEFAULT: SwiftAttrAttr {{.+}} <<invalid sloc>> "release:release"
+// CHECK-REF-COUNTED-DEFAULT: SwiftAttrAttr {{.+}} <<invalid sloc>> "returned_as_unretained_by_default"
+
 // CHECK-NON-COPYABLE: Dumping NonCopyableType:
 // CHECK-NON-COPYABLE-NEXT: CXXRecordDecl {{.+}} imported in SwiftImportAs {{.+}} struct NonCopyableType
 // CHECK-NON-COPYABLE: SwiftAttrAttr {{.+}} <<invalid sloc>> "conforms_to:MySwiftModule.MySwiftNonCopyableProtocol"

@fahadnayyar fahadnayyar force-pushed the apinotes-cxx-frt-default-unretained branch from 8f5a1c0 to ed2f3bd Compare May 6, 2025 15:34
@fahadnayyar fahadnayyar requested a review from compnerd May 6, 2025 17:07
@fahadnayyar fahadnayyar changed the title [APINotes] Add support for SWIFT_RETURED_AS_UNRETAINED [APINotes] Add support for SWIFT_RETURED_AS_UNRETAINED_BY_DEFAULT May 6, 2025
@fahadnayyar fahadnayyar merged commit 62a2f0f into llvm:main May 7, 2025
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