import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator import inset_axes
#
fig, (ax, ax2) = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=[5.5, 2.8])

# Create inset of width 1.3 inches and height 0.9 inches
# at the default upper right location
#axins = inset_axes(ax, width=1.3, height=0.9)
axins = ax.inset_axes("NE", width=1.3, height=0.9, transform=fig.dpi_scale_trans)

# Create inset of width 30% and height 40% of the parent axes' bounding box
# at the lower left corner (loc=3)
#axins2 = inset_axes(ax, width="30%", height="40%", loc=3)
axins2 = ax.inset_axes("SW", width=0.3, height=.4)

# Create inset of mixed specifications in the second subplot;
# width is 30% of parent axes' bounding box and
# height is 1 inch at the upper left corner (loc=2)
#axins3 = inset_axes(ax2, width="30%", height=1., loc=2)
from matplotlib.transforms import blended_transform_factory
trans = blended_transform_factory(ax2.transAxes, fig.dpi_scale_trans)
axins3 = ax2.inset_axes("NW", width=0.3, height=1., transform=trans)

# Create an inset in the lower right corner (loc=4) with borderpad=1, i.e.
# 10 points padding (as 10pt is the default fontsize) to the parent axes
#axins4 = inset_axes(ax2, width="20%", height="20%", loc=4, borderpad=1)
axins4 = ax2.inset_axes("SE", width=.2, height=.2, borderaxespad=10)

# Turn ticklabels of insets off
for axi in [axins, axins2, axins3, axins4]:
    axi.tick_params(labelleft=False, labelbottom=False)

plt.show()

## =============================================================================
##
from matplotlib import transforms as mtrans
fig = plt.figure(figsize=[5.5, 2.8])
ax = fig.add_subplot(121)

# We use the axes transform as bbox_transform. Therefore the bounding box
# needs to be specified in axes coordinates ((0,0) is the lower left corner
# of the axes, (1,1) is the upper right corner).
# The bounding box (.2, .4, .6, .5) starts at (.2,.4) and ranges to (.8,.9)
# in those coordinates.
# Inside of this bounding box an inset of half the bounding box' width and
# three quarters of the bounding box' height is created. The lower left corner
# of the inset is aligned to the lower left corner of the bounding box (loc=3).
# The inset is then offset by the default 0.5 in units of the font size.

#axins = inset_axes(ax, width="50%", height="75%",
#                   bbox_to_anchor=(.2, .4, .6, .5),
#                   bbox_transform=ax.transAxes, loc=3)
# This is hard to reproduce, because padding is applied towards the axes
# There is no bounding box.
trans = ax.transAxes  + mtrans.ScaledTranslation(+5/72., +5/72, fig.dpi_scale_trans) 
axins = ax.inset_axes((.2, .4, .6*0.5, .5*0.75), transform=trans)


# For visualization purposes we mark the bounding box by a rectangle
ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((.2, .4), .6, .5, ls="--", ec="c", fc="None",
                           transform=ax.transAxes))

# We set the axis limits to something other than the default, in order to not
# distract from the fact that axes coodinates are used here.
ax.axis([0, 10, 0, 10])


# Note how the two following insets are created at the same positions, one by
# use of the default parent axes' bbox and the other via a bbox in axes
# coordinates and the respective transform.
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(222)
#axins2 = inset_axes(ax2, width="30%", height="50%")
axins2 = ax2.inset_axes("NE", width=.3, height=.5)


ax3 = fig.add_subplot(224)
trans = ax3.transAxes  + mtrans.ScaledTranslation(-5/72., -5/72, fig.dpi_scale_trans) 
axins3 = ax3.inset_axes((.7, .5, .3, .5), width="100%", height="100%",
                        transform=trans)

# For visualization purposes we mark the bounding box by a rectangle
ax2.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((0, 0), 1, 1, ls="--", lw=2, ec="c", fc="None"))
ax3.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((.7, .5), .3, .5, ls="--", lw=2,
                            ec="c", fc="None"))

# Turn ticklabels off
for axi in [axins2, axins3, ax2, ax3]:
    axi.tick_params(labelleft=False, labelbottom=False)

plt.show()
#
#
## =============================================================================
##
#
#
fig = plt.figure(figsize=[5.5, 2.8])
ax = fig.add_subplot(131)

# Create an inset outside the axes
#axins = inset_axes(ax, width="100%", height="100%",
#                   bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, .6, .5, .4),
#                   bbox_transform=ax.transAxes, loc=2, borderpad=0)
axins = ax.inset_axes((1.05, .6, .5, .4))
axins.tick_params(left=False, right=True, labelleft=False, labelright=True)

# Create an inset with a 2-tuple bounding box. Note that this creates a
# bbox without extent. This hence only makes sense when specifying
# width and height in absolute units (inches).
#axins2 = inset_axes(ax, width=0.5, height=0.4,
#                    bbox_to_anchor=(0.33, 0.25),
#                    bbox_transform=ax.transAxes, loc=3, borderpad=0)
# -----------
#This seems impossible, even when using a 4 tuple bounds.
# -----------

ax2 = fig.add_subplot(133)
ax2.set_xscale("log")
ax2.axis([1e-6, 1e6, -2, 6])

# Create inset in data coordinates using ax.transData as transform
#axins3 = inset_axes(ax2, width="100%", height="100%",
#                    bbox_to_anchor=(1e-2, 2, 1e3, 3),
#                    bbox_transform=ax2.transData, loc=2, borderpad=0)
axins3 = ax2.inset_axes((1e-2, 2, 1e3, 3), transform=ax2.transData)


# Create an inset horizontally centered in figure coordinates and vertically
# bound to line up with the axes.
from matplotlib.transforms import blended_transform_factory
transform = blended_transform_factory(fig.transFigure, ax2.transAxes)
#axins4 = inset_axes(ax2, width="16%", height="34%",
#                    bbox_to_anchor=(0, 0, 1, 1),
#                    bbox_transform=transform, loc=8, borderpad=0)
axins4 = ax2.inset_axes((.5-.16/2, 0, .16, .34), transform=transform)
plt.show()