Environment

• Operating System: Darwin
• Node Version: v24.7.0
• Nuxt Version: 3.19.2
• CLI Version: 3.28.0
• Nitro Version: 2.12.6
• Package Manager: [email protected]
• Builder: -
• User Config: compatibilityDate, app, ssr, typescript, css, vite, runtimeConfig, modules, content, image, i18n
• Runtime Modules: @nuxt/[email protected], @nuxt/[email protected], @nuxtjs/[email protected], @pinia/[email protected], @nuxtjs/[email protected], @vueuse/[email protected], @nuxt/[email protected]
• Build Modules: -

Version

v3

Reproduction

Here are two reproductions. One vor Nuxt v4 and one for Nuxt v3. The bugs seems to appear in both.

Nuxt v4:
https://stackblitz.com/edit/github-7mycafuh?file=package.json

Nuxt v3:
https://stackblitz.com/edit/github-z1lduexc?file=package.json

Unfortunately in the reproduction the logs seems to be different. I added the log in my env to the Logs section.

Description

I wanted to upgrade to the latest version of Nuxt Content, which is currently v3.7.0. After upgrading the dependency and resolving all dependency conflicts I got the error that the module zod-to-json-schema could not be found.

 ERROR  Cannot start nuxt:  Error while importing module @nuxt/content: Error: Cannot find module 'zod-to-json-schema' 

Additional context

I quickly asked Claude about this problem and that was the answer. I do not know if this is really the issue but maybe the information helps.

Perfect! Now I can see exactly what's happening. Looking at the @nuxt/[email protected] package.json, there's a conflicting dependency declaration that's causing the issue:

The Problem
zod-to-json-schema is declared in three different ways:

Regular dependency: "zod-to-json-schema": "^3.24.6"
Peer dependency: "zod-to-json-schema": "*"
Optional peer dependency: "zod-to-json-schema": { "optional": true }

This conflicting declaration confuses pnpm's dependency resolution. When a package is both a regular dependency AND an optional peer dependency, pnpm may skip installing it, expecting the parent project to provide it.

Logs

ERROR  Cannot start nuxt:  Error while importing module @nuxt/content: Error: Cannot find module 'zod-to-json-schema'                                                     10:12:37 AM
Require stack:
- /Users/fscheffczyk/DevProjects/portfolio/node_modules/.pnpm/@[email protected][email protected]/node_modules/@nuxt/content/dist/module.mjs

    at loadNuxtModuleInstance (node_modules/.pnpm/@[email protected][email protected]/node_modules/@nuxt/kit/dist/index.mjs:2721:15)
    at async installModules (node_modules/.pnpm/@[email protected][email protected]/node_modules/@nuxt/kit/dist/index.mjs:2562:17)
    at async initNuxt (node_modules/.pnpm/[email protected]_@[email protected]_@[email protected]_@[email protected][email protected]_74487215975ecf3767e75103b8d129de/node_modules/nuxt/dist/index.mjs:5872:3)
    at async NuxtDevServer._load (node_modules/.pnpm/@[email protected][email protected]/node_modules/@nuxt/cli/dist/chunks/index.mjs:211:5)
    at async NuxtDevServer.load (node_modules/.pnpm/@[email protected][email protected]/node_modules/@nuxt/cli/dist/chunks/index.mjs:139:7)
    at async NuxtDevServer.init (node_modules/.pnpm/@[email protected][email protected]/node_modules/@nuxt/cli/dist/chunks/index.mjs:130:5)
    at async initialize (node_modules/.pnpm/@[email protected][email protected]/node_modules/@nuxt/cli/dist/chunks/index.mjs:429:3)
    at async Object.run (node_modules/.pnpm/@[email protected][email protected]/node_modules/@nuxt/cli/dist/chunks/dev.mjs:135:43)
    at async runCommand (node_modules/.pnpm/[email protected]/node_modules/citty/dist/index.mjs:316:16)
    at async runCommand (node_modules/.pnpm/[email protected]/node_modules/citty/dist/index.mjs:307:11)
    at async runMain (node_modules/.pnpm/[email protected]/node_modules/citty/dist/index.mjs:445:7)