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feature #3613 Javiereguiluz revamped quick tour (weaverryan)
This PR was merged into the 2.3 branch. Discussion ---------- Javiereguiluz revamped quick tour Hey guys! See #3562 - this is the same, but rebased against the 2.3 branch. | Q | A | ------------- | --- | Doc fix? | no | New docs? | yes | Applies to | 2.3+ | Fixed tickets | Off of the top of my head (but I could be wrong), the only thing that was 2.4 specific is the version number used in the composer.phar create-project command. We could fix this in 2 different ways: 1) Don't fix it - just always keep that number updated to the latest released version. We do this similarly in other places 2) Use "@stable" as the version constraint. I don't know of any drawbacks. Thanks! Commits ------- 1e36cfa [quick_tour] rewording and grammar fixes noted by @xabbuh 69fdff1 [quick_tour] removed an unneeded comma 30624eb [quick_tour] more rewording and grammar fixes 0f13ce9 [quick_tour] rewording and grammar fixes suggested by @weaverryan 7c0037e Restored all the original introductions for each tutorial part cb98a6c Restored the original line that explained how a routing file is imported from a bundle fdc755e Grammar fixes proposed by @weaverryan and @wouterj eca1e73 Added a more useful message for users that don't have PHP 5.4 and try to execute the server:run command a013b11 Removed the animated GIF showing how to install Symfony 985c68f Replaced "variable" by "placeholder" when using {_format} inside a route 42bd69f Fixed the capitalization of a section heading 75be815 Minor rewording c1ad15d Added a new headline to better structure the documentation b16c3a2 Capitalized some sentences that come after a colon 2fdcffd When using server:run command, it's not necessary to add the `app_dev.php` controller 6afc80b Removed a wrongly inserted comma e004661 Bundle names should not be placed in literals 38b1292 [quick_tour] removed inline links 81d6e20 [quick_tour] replaced "chapter" by "part" in some tutorial parts 50e136c [quick_tour] second pass to "the architecture" chapter cdb7064 [quick_tour] second pass to "the controller" chapter and added a section about displaying error pages 2cd3bab [quick tour] second pass to "the view" chapter 4ad3c44 [quick_tour] second pass to the "big picture" chapter e7dfc8b [quick_tour] simplified "the architecture" chapter eb3fe4c [quick tour] simplified "the controller" chapter dbbc8c2 [quick_tour] updated "the view" chapter 5b3a572 [quick_tour] finished the review of "The Big Picture" chapter f24eabc [quick_tour] updated some screenshots 20e9fb0 [quick_tour] updated the "Controllers" section 29992cd [quick_tour] simplified the "routing" section a84a556 [quick_tour] simplified drastically the first two sections of "The Big Picture" chapter
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‎images/quick_tour/hello_fabien.png‎

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‎images/quick_tour/profiler.png‎

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‎images/quick_tour/web_debug_toolbar.png‎

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‎images/quick_tour/welcome.png‎

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‎quick_tour/the_architecture.rst‎

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@@ -11,13 +11,12 @@ Understanding the Directory Structure
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-------------------------------------
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The directory structure of a Symfony2 :term:`application` is rather flexible,
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but the directory structure of the *Standard Edition* distribution reflects
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the typical and recommended structure of a Symfony2 application:
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but the recommended structure is as follows:
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* ``app/``: The application configuration;
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* ``src/``: The project's PHP code;
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* ``vendor/``: The third-party dependencies;
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* ``web/``: The web root directory.
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* ``app/``: the application configuration;
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* ``src/``: the project's PHP code;
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* ``vendor/``: the third-party dependencies;
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* ``web/``: the web root directory.
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The ``web/`` Directory
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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$kernel->loadClassCache();
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$kernel->handle(Request::createFromGlobals())->send();
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The kernel first requires the ``bootstrap.php.cache`` file, which bootstraps
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the framework and registers the autoloader (see below).
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Like any front controller, ``app.php`` uses a Kernel Class, ``AppKernel``, to
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bootstrap the application.
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The controller first bootstraps the application using a kernel class (``AppKernel``
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in this case). Then, it creates the ``Request`` object using the PHP's global
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variables and passes it to the kernel. The last step is to send the response
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contents returned by the kernel back to the user.
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.. _the-app-dir:
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(more on this later).
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Autoloading is handled automatically via `Composer`_, which means that you
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can use any PHP classes without doing anything at all! If you need more flexibility,
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you can extend the autoloader in the ``app/autoload.php`` file. All dependencies
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can use any PHP class without doing anything at all! All dependencies
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are stored under the ``vendor/`` directory, but this is just a convention.
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You can store them wherever you want, globally on your server or locally
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in your projects.
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.. note::
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If you want to learn more about Composer's autoloader, read `Composer-Autoloader`_.
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Symfony also has an autoloading component - read ":doc:`/components/class_loader/class_loader`".
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Understanding the Bundle System
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-------------------------------
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A bundle is kind of like a plugin in other software. So why is it called a
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*bundle* and not a *plugin*? This is because *everything* is a bundle in
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Symfony2, from the core framework features to the code you write for your
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application. Bundles are first-class citizens in Symfony2. This gives you
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the flexibility to use pre-built features packaged in third-party bundles
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or to distribute your own bundles. It makes it easy to pick and choose which
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features to enable in your application and optimize them the way you want.
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And at the end of the day, your application code is just as *important* as
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the core framework itself.
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application.
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Bundles are first-class citizens in Symfony2. This gives you the flexibility
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to use pre-built features packaged in third-party bundles or to distribute your
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own bundles. It makes it easy to pick and choose which features to enable in
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your application and optimize them the way you want. And at the end of the day,
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your application code is just as *important* as the core framework itself.
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Registering a Bundle
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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In addition to the AcmeDemoBundle that was already talked about, notice
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that the kernel also enables other bundles such as the FrameworkBundle,
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DoctrineBundle, SwiftmailerBundle, and AsseticBundle bundle.
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They are all part of the core framework.
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DoctrineBundle, SwiftmailerBundle and AsseticBundle bundle. They are all part
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of the core framework.
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Configuring a Bundle
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Each bundle can be customized via configuration files written in YAML, XML, or
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PHP. Have a look at the default configuration:
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PHP. Have a look at the default Symfony configuration:
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.. code-block:: yaml
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password: "%mailer_password%"
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spool: { type: memory }
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Each entry like ``framework`` defines the configuration for a specific bundle.
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For example, ``framework`` configures the FrameworkBundle while ``swiftmailer``
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configures the SwiftmailerBundle.
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Each first level entry like ``framework``, ``twig`` or ``doctrine`` defines the
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configuration for a specific bundle. For example, ``framework`` configures the
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FrameworkBundle while ``swiftmailer`` configures the SwiftmailerBundle.
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Each :term:`environment` can override the default configuration by providing a
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specific configuration file. For example, the ``dev`` environment loads the
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If you follow these conventions, then you can use :doc:`bundle inheritance</cookbook/bundles/inheritance>`
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to "override" files, controllers or templates. For example, you can create
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a bundle - ``AcmeNewBundle`` - and specify that it overrides AcmeDemoBundle.
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a bundle - AcmeNewBundle - and specify that it overrides AcmeDemoBundle.
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When Symfony loads the ``AcmeDemoBundle:Welcome:index`` controller, it will
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first look for the ``WelcomeController`` class in AcmeNewBundle and, if
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it doesn't exist, then look inside AcmeDemoBundle. This means that one bundle
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configuration is only parsed for the very first request and then compiled down
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to plain PHP code stored in the ``app/cache/`` directory. In the development
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environment, Symfony2 is smart enough to flush the cache when you change a
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file. But in the production environment, it is your responsibility to clear
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the cache when you update your code or change its configuration.
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file. But in the production environment, to speed things up, it is your
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responsibility to clear the cache when you update your code or change its
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configuration.
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When developing a web application, things can go wrong in many ways. The log
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files in the ``app/logs/`` directory tell you everything about the requests
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any topic you want.
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.. _Composer: http://getcomposer.org
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.. _`Composer-Autoloader`: http://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#autoloading

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