Integer Square Root
Integer Square Root by Binary Search Integer square root by binary search computes the largest integer $r$ such that: $$ r^2 \le n $$ For a nonnegative integer $n$, this value is written as: $$ \lfloor \sqrt{n} \rfloor $$ The algorithm avoids floating point arithmetic and gives an exact integer result. Problem Given a nonnegative integer $n$, find the largest integer $r$ such that: $$ r^2 \le n $$ Equivalently:...