JavaScript Operators

In this chapter, we will learn about JavaScript operators. We will cover:

• Arithmetic Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Comparison Operators
• Logical Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• String Operators
• Conditional (Ternary) Operator
• Type Operators

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic calculations.

Examples

1. Addition (+)

   let sum = 10 + 5;
   console.log(sum); // Output: 15
   

2. Subtraction (-)

   let difference = 10 - 5;
   console.log(difference); // Output: 5
   

3. Multiplication (*)

   let product = 10 * 5;
   console.log(product); // Output: 50
   

4. Division (/)

   let quotient = 10 / 5;
   console.log(quotient); // Output: 2
   

5. Modulus (%)

   let remainder = 10 % 3;
   console.log(remainder); // Output: 1
   

6. Increment (++)

   let number = 10;
   number++;
   console.log(number); // Output: 11
   

7. Decrement (–)

   let number = 10;
   number--;
   console.log(number); // Output: 9
   

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

Examples

1. Assignment (=)

   let x = 10;
   console.log(x); // Output: 10
   

2. Addition Assignment (+=)

   let x = 10;
   x += 5;
   console.log(x); // Output: 15
   

3. Subtraction Assignment (-=)

   let x = 10;
   x -= 5;
   console.log(x); // Output: 5
   

4. Multiplication Assignment (*=)

   let x = 10;
   x *= 5;
   console.log(x); // Output: 50
   

5. Division Assignment (/=)

   let x = 10;
   x /= 5;
   console.log(x); // Output: 2
   

6. Modulus Assignment (%=)

   let x = 10;
   x %= 3;
   console.log(x); // Output: 1
   

Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are used to compare two values and return a boolean value (true or false).

Examples

1. Equal to (==)

   let isEqual = (10 == "10");
   console.log(isEqual); // Output: true
   

2. Strict Equal to (===)

   let isStrictEqual = (10 === "10");
   console.log(isStrictEqual); // Output: false
   

3. Not Equal to (!=)

   let isNotEqual = (10 != "10");
   console.log(isNotEqual); // Output: false
   

4. Strict Not Equal to (!==)

   let isStrictNotEqual = (10 !== "10");
   console.log(isStrictNotEqual); // Output: true
   

5. Greater than (>)

   let isGreater = (10 > 5);
   console.log(isGreater); // Output: true
   

6. Less than (<)

   let isLess = (10 < 5);
   console.log(isLess); // Output: false
   

7. Greater than or Equal to (>=)

   let isGreaterOrEqual = (10 >= 10);
   console.log(isGreaterOrEqual); // Output: true
   

8. Less than or Equal to (<=)

   let isLessOrEqual = (10 <= 5);
   console.log(isLessOrEqual); // Output: false
   

Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to combine multiple boolean expressions.

Examples

1. Logical AND (&&)

   let isTrue = (10 > 5 && 5 > 2);
   console.log(isTrue); // Output: true
   

2. Logical OR (||)

   let isTrue = (10 > 5 || 5 < 2);
   console.log(isTrue); // Output: true
   

3. Logical NOT (!)

   let isFalse = !(10 > 5);
   console.log(isFalse); // Output: false
   

Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators are used to perform operations on binary numbers.

Examples

1. Bitwise AND (&)

   let result = 5 & 1;
   console.log(result); // Output: 1
   

2. Bitwise OR (|)

   let result = 5 | 1;
   console.log(result); // Output: 5
   

3. Bitwise XOR (^)

   let result = 5 ^ 1;
   console.log(result); // Output: 4
   

4. Bitwise NOT (~)

   let result = ~5;
   console.log(result); // Output: -6
   

5. Left Shift (<<)

   let result = 5 << 1;
   console.log(result); // Output: 10
   

6. Right Shift (>>)

   let result = 5 >> 1;
   console.log(result); // Output: 2
   

7. Zero-fill Right Shift (>>>)

   let result = 5 >>> 1;
   console.log(result); // Output: 2
   

String Operators

String operators are used to manipulate string values.

Examples

1. Concatenation (+)

   let greeting = "Hello, " + "World!";
   console.log(greeting); // Output: Hello, World!
   

2. Concatenation Assignment (+=)

   let name = "Ramesh";
   name += " Kumar";
   console.log(name); // Output: Ramesh Kumar
   

Conditional (Ternary) Operator

The conditional (ternary) operator is a shorthand for the if statement.

Syntax

condition ? expressionIfTrue : expressionIfFalse;

Example

let age = 18;
let canVote = (age >= 18) ? "Yes" : "No";
console.log(canVote); // Output: Yes

Type Operators

Type operators are used to check or change the type of a variable.

Examples

1. typeof

   let name = "Ramesh";
   console.log(typeof name); // Output: string
   

2. instanceof

   let date = new Date();
   console.log(date instanceof Date); // Output: true
   

Conclusion

In this chapter, you learned about various JavaScript operators, including arithmetic, assignment, comparison, logical, bitwise, string, conditional, and type operators. Understanding these operators is essential for performing operations and making decisions in your code.