American Society for Mechanical Engineers

(ASME)

ASME SECT. V
(2004 Edition)

PRESENTATION

BY: HANAFI 2007

SUBSECTION A

Article 1 Article 2 Article 4 Article 5 Article 7 Article 8 Article 9 Article 10 Article 11 Article 12 Testing Article 13 Article 14 Article 15 Article 16 Article 17

: General Requirement : Radiographic Examination : Ultrasonic Examination Methods for Welds :Ultrasonic Methods for Materials : Magnetic Particle Examination : Eddy Current Examination for Tubular Products :Visual Examination : Leak Testing : Acoustic Emission Examination of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic : Acoustic Emission Examination of Metallic Vessel During Pressure : Continuous Acoustic Emission Monitoring : Examination System Qualification : Alternating Current Field Measurement Technique (ACFMT) : Magnetic Flux Leakage : Remote Field Testing (RTF) examination Method

Article 6 : Liquid Penetrant Examination

Article 6 : Liquid Penetrant Examination

T-610 T-620 T-630 T-640 T-650 T-660 T-670 T-680 T-690

Scope General Equipment Miscellaneous Requirement Technique Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation

T-610 Scope

Used when referenced by code section Shall be used together with Article 1; General Requirement.

T-620 General
To

detect defect that open to the surface Sequence: Penetrant Application, excess penetrant removal, drying and developing T-621 Written Procedure Requirement T-621.1 Requirements Shall be performed in accordance with written procedure T-621.2 Procedure Qualification Change: Essential variable Re-qualification Non-essential variable No re-qualification

T-630 Equipment
Penetrants

Emulsifiers
solvents

or cleaning agents Developers Etc.

T640 MESCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENT

T641 Control Contaminant Shall obtain certification. Contaminant control on a nickel base alloys, austenitic or duplex stainless steel T642 Surface Preparation As welded, as rolled, as cast or as forged. 1 on adjacent area shall be free from foreign matter Cleaning agent: detergents, organic solvents, de-scaling solutions, paint remover, degreasing and ultrasonic cleaning.

T640 MESCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENT

Drying after Preparation Shall elapse minimum of time

T650

TECHNIQUE

T651

Technique (Visible + Fluorescent) X (water washable + post emulsifying + solvent removable) T652 Technique for Standard Temperature Standard temperature: 500F (100C) ~ 1250F (520C)

T-650

TECHNIQUE

T653 Technique for Nonstandard Temperatures See Mandatory Appendix III

T654 Technique Restriction Intermixing of penetrant material is prohibited

T-660

CALIBRATION

Light meter shall be calibrated for 1 year min.

T-670 EXAMINATION

T671 Penetrant Application By dipping, brushing or spraying T-672 Penetrant Dwell Time Shall be specified or to be demonstrated

T-673 Excess Penetrant Removal T-673.1 Water Washable Penetrant By water spray

T-670 EXAMINATION
T-673.2 Post Emulsification Penetrant Lipophilic Emulsification Sequence: application, dwell time then remove.

Hydrophylic Emulsification Sequence: Pre-rinse w/ water, application, dwell time then remove.

T-670 EXAMINATION
T-673.3 Solvent Removable Penetrant Sequence: Remove using dry cloth then cloth moistened with solvent. Flushing the surface with solvent is prohibited.

T-674 Drying After Excess Penetrant removal Water washable/post emulsifier : by blotting w/ clean material or circulation air (max. T=520C). Solvent removable: evaporation, blotting, wiping or forced air.

T-670 EXAMINATION

T-675

Developing

Apply ASAP w/ sufficient thickness, interval time to be specified in procedure. Color contrast only using wet developer

T-675.1 Dry Developer Application T-675.2 Wet Developer Application

Developer Developer

Apply to dry surface by soft brush, powder bulb, powder gun etc.

Aqueous

Apply to dry or wet surface by dipping, brushing, spraying etc.

Non-aqueous

Apply only to dry surface by spraying or brushing

T-670 EXAMINATION
T-675.3 Developing Time for Final Interpretation Developing time shall be specified in written practice T-676 Interpretation T-676.1 Final Interpretation Shall be made within 10-60 min. after developing time

T-676.2 Characterizing Indication(s) Close observation during application during application to characterize indication

T-670 EXAMINATION
T-676.3 Color Contrast Penetrants Penetrant develop to white back coating. Excessive and in-adequate cleaning making non-relevant indication. Minimum light intensity is 100fc (demonstrated)

T-676.4 Fluorescent Penetrant Essentially the same with color contrast except: Performed in darkened area. Warm up the lamp and adaptation the operator is necessary. Black light intensity is 1000 W/cm2 and shall be verified every 8 hr

T-677 Post Emulsification Cleaning Shall be performed when specified by procedure

T-680 EVALUATION

Shall be evaluate to the code acceptance criteria False indication may be localized Any Non-relevant indication could mask discontinuity shall be clean and re-examined.

T-690 DOCUMENTATION
T-691 Recording of Indications T-691.1-2 Non-reject able and Reject able Indications shall be recorded

T-692 Examination Records Procedure, consumables type (penetrant, cleaner, developer etc.), personnel, sketch, material, lighting, date and time.

T-693 Performance Demonstration Is necessary and shall be documented

Article 6

: Mandatory Appendices

APPENDIX I Glossary of Term for Liquid Penetrant Examination APPENDIX II Control of Contaminants for Liquid Penetrant Examination

APPENDIX III Qualification Techniques for Examinations at Nonstandard Temperatures

APPENDIX I Glossary of Term for Liquid Penetrant Examination

I-610 Scope Establish term and definition as per article 6

I-620 General Requirements Adopted ASTM E 1316

I-630

Requirements

II-610 Scope PT on nickel base alloys, austenitic stainless steel and titanium II-640 Requirements II-641 Nickel Base Alloys Heating 50 g sample to 900C-1000C in 6 dia glass petri. Analyze the residue

APPENDIX II Control of Contaminants for Liquid Penetrant Examination

II-642 Austenitic or Duplex Stainless Steel and Titanium Basically is the same

APPENDIX II Control of Contaminants for Liquid Penetrant Examination

II-643 Alternative SE 165 Annex A4 may be used II-690 Documentation Certificate of penetrant materials shall be obtained

APPENDIX III Qualification Techniques for Examinations at Nonstandard Temperatures

III-610 Scope When temperature exceed 100C 520C III-630 Materials 2 identical aluminum comparator blocks III-640 Requirements III-641 Comparator Application

III-641 Comparator Application

III-641.1-2 Temperature Less Than 500F (100C) and Greater Than 1250F (520C) PT performed on desired and standard temperature then compare the sensitivity both samples.

III-641.3 Alternate Techniques for Color Contrast Penetrant. Using photograph to compare the samples.

SUBSECTION A

Article 1 Article 2 Article 4 Article 5 Article 6 Article 8 Article 9 Article 10 Article 11 Article 12 Testing Article 13 Article 14 Article 15 Article 16 Article 17

: General Requirement : Radiographic Examination : Ultrasonic Examination Methods for Welds :Ultrasonic Methods for Materials : Liquid Penetrant Examination : Eddy Current Examination for Tubular Products :Visual Examination : Leak Testing : Acoustic Emission Examination of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic : Acoustic Emission Examination of Metallic Vessel During Pressure : Continuous Acoustic Emission Monitoring : Examination System Qualification : Alternating Current Field Measurement Technique (ACFMT) : Magnetic Flux Leakage : Remote Field Testing (RTF) examination Method

Article 7 : Magnetic Particle Examination

Article 7 : Magnetic Particle Examination

T-710 T-720 T-730 T-740 T-750 T-760 T-770 T-780 T-790

Scope General Equipment Miscellaneous Requirement Technique Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation

T-710 Scope

Used when referenced by code section Shall be used together with Article 1; General Requirement.

T-720 General
To detect the defect on or near the surface of ferromagnetic materials. The sequences: magnetize the area, apply particle and evaluate the indication Defect orientation perpendicular to the flux line will show max. sensitivity. T-721 Written Procedure Requirement T-721.1 Requirements Shall be performed in accordance with written procedure

T-721.2 Change:

Procedure Qualification Essential variable Re-qualification Non-essential variable No re-qualification

T-730 Equipment
Equipments to produce magnetic flux in the part T-731 Examination Medium Particle types To be treated to impart color

Particles Wet and dry

Temperature limitation To be set by the manufacturer

T-740 MESCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENT

T-741 Surface Conditioning T-741.1 Preparation

As

weld, as rolled, as cast, as forged. Machining and grinding may apply Shall be free from foreign matter 1 adjacent Cleaning method: detergents, organic solvents, de-scaling solution, paint removers, vapor degreasing, sand/grid blasting or ultrasonic cleaning. Non-magnetic coating may left on the part and demonstration to be provided.

T-741.2 Surface Contrast Enhancement

Non-magnetic coating may apply temporarily to provide visible enhancement

T-750 TECHNIQUE

T-751

Technique

Prod, longitudinal magnetization, circular magnetization, yoke and multidirectional magnetization technique

T-752 Prod Technique T-752.1 Magnetizing Procedure

Portable prod contact pressed against the surface of part.

T-752.2 Magnetizing Current T-752.3 Prod Spacing

Direct or rectified current

38, prod tip shall clean. Tip material may from lead, steel or aluminum.

T-750

TECHNIQUE

T-753 Longitudinal Magnetizing Technique T-753.1 Magnetizing Procedure

The current pass through a multi-turn wrap around fixed coil to produce longitudinal magnetic field.
T-753.2 Magnetizing
Direct

Field Strength

or rectified current L/D ratio of part >4 2 < L/D ratio of part <4
T-753.3 Magnetizing

Current

T-750

TECHNIQUE

T-754 Circulation Magnetizing Technique T-754.1 Direct Contact Technique

Magnetizing Procedure: The current is pass through the part and

produce circular magnetic field.

Magnetic Current: Direct or rectified current.

T-754.2 Central Conductor Technique

Magnetizing Procedure: Magnetic Current: Offset Central Conductor:

T-750

TECHNIQUE

T-755 Yoke Technique T-755.1 Application T-754.2 Magnetizing Procedure

To detect discontinuities that are open to the surface

AC, DC or Permanent

T-750

TECHNIQUE

T-756 Multidirectional Magnetizing Technique

T-756.1 Magnetizing Procedure

Magnetization is accomplished by high amperage power packs operating as many as three circuits that are energized one at a a time in rapid succession.

T-756.2 Magnetic Field Strength

Only three phase, full wave rectified current shall be used Magnetic Field Strength shall be demonstrated using artificial flaw shims or pie-shaped magnetic field indicator

T-760 CALIBRATION

T-761
T-761.1

Frequency of Calibration
Magnetizing Equipment

Frequency: using ammeter at least once a year or has been subject to repair Procedure: Units meter shall be verified annually by equipment traceable to
national standard Tolerance: + 10%

T-761.2

Light Meters

Shall be calibrated at least once a year or has been subject to repair

T-762 T-763

Lifting Power of Yoke Gaussmeter

Electromagnetic Yoke: once a year or whenever damage or repair (10 lb/4.5 kg) Permanent Magnetic yoke: daily or whenever damage or repair (40 lb/18 kg)

Once a year one whenever damage or repair

T-760 CALIBRATION

T-764
T-764.1

Magnetic Field Adequacy and Direction

Magnetic Field Adequacy

Magnetic field shall have sufficient strength to produce satisfactory indication and shall be verified using one or more of the following 3 methods:

T-764.1.1Pie-shaped Magnetic Particle Field Indicator

Shall be positioned on the surface to examined, such that copper-plated side is away from the inspected surface. Best use with dry particle procedure.

T-764.1.2Artificial Flaw Shim

A suitable field strength is indicated when a clearly defined line of magnetic particle representing the dept flaw.

T-764.1.3Hall-Effect Tangential-Field Probe

A Gaussmeter and Hall-effect tangential field probe shall be used for measuring the peak value of a tangential field..(Article 7 Non-mandatory Appendix A)

T-760 CALIBRATION

T-764.2

Magnetic Field Direction

Determined using field indicator or shim to define a clearly line of field direction

T-764.2.1Multidirectional Technique

The orientation of the lines of flux shall be in at least two nearly perpendicular directions

T-764.3Determination of Adequacy and Direction

Using magnetic field indicator or artificial flaw shims are only permitted when specially referenced by the magnetizing technique.

T-760 CALIBRATION
T-765 Wet Particle Concentration and Contamination
To be determined by using its settling volume (ASTM Test Method D 96)

T-765.1
T-765.2 T-765.3

Concentration
Settling Volume Contamination

The volume settling out at the bottom of the tube is indicative of the particle concentration in the bath.

Concentration checks shall be made at least every eight hours. The test for contamination shall be performed at least once per week. Carrier contamination: Fluorescent color can be compared with a freshly made-up sample Particle contamination: The graduated portion shall be examined under black light (fluorescent) and visible light (striations or bands)

T-760 CALIBRATION
T-766

System Performance of Horizontal Unit

Ketoz (Betz) Test Ring Material: Using the Test Ring

T-770 EXAMINATION

T-771

Preliminary Examination

A check of the examination surface shall be conducted prior to Magnetic Particle Examination.

T-772
T-773

Direction of Magnetization
Method of Examination

At least two separate examinations shall be performed on each area

Dry Particle: The magnetizing current shall remain on while the examination medium is being applied. Wet particle: The magnetizing color shall be turned on after the particles have been applied.

T-774 T-775

Examination Coverage Rectified Current

All examination shall be conducted with sufficient field overlap to ensure 100% coverage

When DC is required, rectified current may be used When measuring half-wave rectified with a DC test meter, reading shall be multiplied by two

T-770 EXAMINATION

T-776

Excess Particle Removal

Shall be removed with a light air or low pressure dry air from a bulb.

T-777

Interpretation

To identify an indication as false, non-relevant or relevant.

T-777.1 Visible (Color Contrast) Magnetic Particle T-777.2 Fluorescent Magnetic Particles
It shall be performed in darkened area At least 5 min. for operator adaptation At least 5 min. for black light warm up Minimum black light intensity is 1000 W/cm2

Minimum light intensity is 100 fc (1000) lux.

T-770 EXAMINATION

T-778

Demagnetization

When residual magnetism could interfere with subsequent processing or usage

T-779

Post Examination Cleaning

When it is required

T-780

EVALUATION

In accordance with acceptance standard Localized surface irregularities may produce false indications Broad areas of particle accumulation, which might mask indications are prohibited.

T-790 DOCUMENTATION

T-791 Multidirectional magnetization Technique Sketch T-792 Recording of Indication T-792.1 Non-Rejectable Indications T-792.2 Rejectable Indication

A technique sketch shall be prepared for each different geometry examined.

Shall be recorded as specified by referencing code section

Shall be recorded as a minimum, the type of indications, location and extent

T-790 DOCUMENTATION

T-793 Examination Records

Shall include: Procedure No. and revision, equipment and type of current, Magnetic particle type, personnel and qualification level, sketch of indication, material and thickness, lighting equipment, date and time of examination.

T-794 Performance Demonstration

When required, shall be documented

Article 7

: Mandatory Appendices

APPENDIX I Magnetic Particle Examination Using the AC Yoke technique on ferritic Materials Coated with Non-magnetic Coatings APPENDIX II Glossary of Term for Magnetic Particle Examination

APPENDIX III Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) Examination

APPENDIX I Magnetic Particle Examination

Using the AC Yoke technique on ferritic Materials Coated with Non-magnetic Coatings I-710 Scope I-720 General I-721 Written Procedure Requirement
Shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure

I-721.1 Requirements

I-721.2 Procedure Qualification/Technique Validation

APPENDIX I

I-723

Personnel Qualification

I-724 I-730
I-740 I-741

Procedure/Technique Demonstration Equipments

Miscellaneous requirement Coating Thickness Measurement

APPENDIX I

I-750 I-751

Technique Technique Qualification

I-760 I-761

Calibration Yoke Maximum Lifting Force

APPENDIX I
I-762 Light Intensity Measurement I-762.1 White Light

I-762.2 Black Light I-770 Examination

APPENDIX I

I-780

Evaluation

I-790

Documentation

APPENDIX II Glossary of Terms for

Magnetic Particle Examination

II-710 II-720 II-730

Scope General Requirements Requirements

APPENDIX III Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) Examination

III-710 Scope III-711 References III-720 General III-721 Personnel Qualification Requirements

APPENDIX III

III-722 Equipment Qualification Requirements

III-722.1 Reference Specimen

III-722.2 System Verification and Function Checks

III-723 Written Procedure Requirement III-723.1 Requirements III-723.2 Procedure Qualification

APPENDIX III

III-730 Equipments

III-740 Requirements

III-760 Calibration

APPENDIX III

III-770 Examination

III-780 Evaluation

III-790 Documentation