2/5/2010

Segmentation Basic
Bay Area Woodturners Association
Jan & Feb, 2010
David Vannier
[email protected]
http://www.westbaywoodturner.com/

In January We.
Did an overview of Process
Picked A Shape
Discussed Feature Rings and Selected
A Chain Pattern for our Feature Ring

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Today We Will
Finish Our Planning & Create A Cut
List
Show How To Make The Chain Pattern
Discuss Jigs & Fixtures
Show How to build this vessel in two
halves
Maybe we can talk Warren into
showing us how to turn the bottom
first

Placing the chain feature ring

on our vessel
Outside
Shape

Feature
Ring

Inside
Shape

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Now we need to divide the

vessel into Rings
Start with the base
Bases must be solid wood
Burl is one way of minimizing wood
movement problems
See Malcolms book for a floating base
The thicker the base, the heavier the
vessel
Minimum thickness of the base is
determined by making sure that the
inside is turned into the solid base

Place a Thick base

Solid
Wood
Base

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Continue Placing Rings up

to Feature Ring

Feature Ring
Ring 3

Ring 4
1/8 T

Ring 2
Ring 1
Solid
Wood
Base

Now Work from Feature Ring to

Top
Ring 8

Ring 6
1/8 T
Duplicate
Ring 4

Ring 9 - Top

Ring 7
Feature Ring
Ring 3

Ring 4
1/8 T

Ring 2
Ring 1
Solid
Wood
Base

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This Leaves The top ring as

1/8 Thick

This is a little too thin for my tastes

Adjust the top to thick
Shrink the rings below
Either equal Reduction or out of the
larger ring
Larger is defined by surface area
In this case, I reduced Ring 8 by 1/8 to
5/8 thick

Leaving Us With this design

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This is a good time to decide on

wood types. I selected
Purple heart for the base & top
Start & stop with the same wood

Cherry wood for Ring 1, 2, 3, 7, & 8

Maple for Ring 4 & 6
Bloodwood & Maple for the Feature
Veneer could be added between rings
3 & 4, as well as rings 6 & 7

Next: Size the rings

Mark and Measure the largest
diameter for the outside of each ring
Mark and Measure the smallest
diameter for the inside of each ring

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Sizing the Rings

6

2
4

8
9

7
6

5
3

Now select the Number of

Segments/Ring. So How?
Long segments on small vessels dont
look as good, I shoot for less than 3
Large vessels can use large segments
Guesstimate Minimum number of
segments = Max Vessel Diameter
In Our case, this is 9, or 9 Seg/Ring

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What are the options?

Divide 180 by the number of
segments to get the cutting angle
My segment options are:
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20,
24, 30, 36, 40, 60, 72, 80, 90, 120, 180,
360 per ring
My cutting sled works in degree
increments
If You Make Your Own sled or sanding jig
(later), other options are possible

Rings that can be built in

Halves are Easiest
Will explain when we discuss gluing
the segments into rings
Doing More than 24 segments per
ring can be tough to apply glue and
clamp before the glue dries
With this in mind, my options were
10, 12, 18, 20, or 24
I picked 12 segments/ring

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3 Methods of determining
Segment Lengths
Option A Measuring off a graph
Extremely accurate, requires make your
own graph

Option B Using a table

Fast & Easy, Not the most accurate

Option C Using an excel spread

sheet
Produces a printed cut sheet, requires
sitting in front of a computer

12
Sides

24
Sides

Feature Ring
Max Diameter = 9

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12
Sides

24
Sides

Segment Length
ADD

12
Sides

24
Sides

Segment Length

Feature Ring
Min Inside Diameter = 8

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12
Sides

24
Sides

Segment Length

Feature Ring
Min Inside Diameter = 8

12
Sides

Minus

24
Sides

Segment Length

Segment Width
Feature Ring
Min Inside Diameter = 8

Minus

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Option B) Using The table

Read the Segment Length off a table
Dont forget to add

Then measure the segment Width off

our vessel drawing
Estimate the length of board required
to cut the segments by taking the
maximum diameter x 3.14 (PI) And
adding board to hold down (~6)

Using a Table: By Ken Horner

See separate file: From More
Woodworkers by Ken Horner.pdf

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Determining the Widths

Ring 2
Width

Ring 1 Width

Option C) My Excel Spread

Sheet
Enter

# of segments/ring
Ring Thickness
OR Largest Outside Radius (= diameter)
IR Smallest Inside Radius (= diameter)

Guardband are preset to

Ive used 1/8

Segment Lengths and Widths are calculated

BL = Board Length. Note this does NOT include
extra wood to hold on to

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Feature Ring = 24 segments

For 12 segments, the segment is 2
9/16 long. Too long.
Vertical spacers are
Cut the Segment Lengths to 1
1 minus (spacer)

Cut 24 spacers, & 12 of each of the

chain pieces
This will be tough to glue!

How about CAD packages that

are available?
Ive found them cumbersome to enter
the shape
Stuck with whatever assumptions the
software makes
Bottom line: Not worth the money in
my humble opinion

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So now we have a cut list

Next we need to prepare some wood
Then we can

Cut the segments

Glue the rings
Build the vessel
Turn the vessel

Board Sizes
Min Board Width = Segment Width
Larger is ok
Different widths in the same ring is also
ok

Board Lengths can be approximated

by the circumference of the circle
(diameter x PI)

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Preparing the wood required to

make the Chain Pattern
h

3/8 h

w x 1h

Make 2 strips:
(blue) + (white) + (blue)
3/8 (white) + (blue) + 3/8 (white)

Make 1 strip 1 thick (blue) for vertical spacers

Remember to keep all the grain running
horizontal

For This example, I used

Bloodwood for the blue
Maple for the white
The Strips are 1 high, 1 wide, and
XX long

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Cutting Segments
Table saw with a Sled
Chop saw
Any cutting method, followed by
using a disc sander

I use an Incra 5000 sled

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Making Your Own Sled

http://www.turnedwood.com/framesled.html

Kevin Nelley

Jig for your Disc Sander

The Art of Segmented Woodturning by Malcolm Tibbetts

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Dry Fit Every Ring Before

Making Changes To Your Setup
I use hose clamps to hold the
segments together
Dont over tighten the clamps
We ARENT trying to FORCE the wood to
fit!

Hold the ring up to a bright light,

checking each joint for light
Keep things clean!

If They Dont Fit

Either Cut Again
OR
Glue Up partial Rings & clean up
before final gluing
OR
Take to the disc sander and make the
segments fit

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Gluing Up A Perfect Ring

Apply glue to both sides of every
other piece
Lightly rub joints to spread glue
As you tighten the clamp, hold
down/press down the segments to
make sure they are flat
I use Melamine as a glue surface
Wax paper works as well

Gluing a ring that isnt perfect

Option A)
Glue up in Pairs
Then pairs of pairs, etc until halves are
glued
Make halves perfect, sander or saw

Option B)
Use toothpicks to space halves
Apply glue to all other surfaces & clamp
Make the halves perfect, sander or saw

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With the rings glued, flatten

one surface
1. Use Hot Melt Glue to Tack the ring to
a large faceplate
2. Turn the top surface flat
3. Use a sanding stick to clean up and
make sure it is flat
Cole Jaws can be used for step 1
Drum sanders can be used, but watch
out for snipe

Using The Flattening Stick

Will Wobble Until At Least
Part of the ring is flat

Lightly Press Here

Warning: If you press to the right of

center, the board will lift and snap back
down against the tool rest. You can pinch
you hand badly!

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Adding the Ring to the stack

Alignment is Critical
Start by turning the pieces already glued
round. Not to shape, just round.
Pick a seam on both rings and align these
seams
Now align the seams on the other side, 180
degrees
Keeping these two seams aligned, slide the
rings back an forth to align seams at 90
degrees
Clamp in place

Step 1: Mark joints 180

degrees apart
Ring to be added

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Step 2: Align these marks

Step 3: Mark & Align at 90

degrees

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Step 4: Tack blocks to keep

rings from slipping

Clamping can be done with

Lathe
Drill press
Clamps
Jig

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Continue process until you have

two halves
Pin the two halves together on the
lathe
I use the Oneway tailstock with a hub

Turn the outside to shape

Separate and turn the insides of the
two halves
Glue two halves together
Part top faceplate off

Finish turning & sanding inside

and out
Only leaves the bottom
I use a donut chuck to hold the
vessel while I complete this
http://azwoodturners.org/DoughnutChuc
k.pdf by Art Liestman

Warren turns and finishes the bottom

first, eliminating the need to do this
step

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As a minimum you need

To Make a Sanding stick
Make a large face plate to flatten
rings
Band clamps
At least 2 face plates
Table saw & sled or chop saw or band
saw and disc sander with jig
Dry & square wood stock

Reference Books & Web Sites

http://www.turnedwood.com Kevin
Nelley
WoodTurning with Ray Allen by Dale
Nish
The Art of Segmented Wood Turning
by Malcolms Tibbetts

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