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Review and Summary 5.1 Torsion of Noncircular Members and Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

1) The document discusses torsion in non-circular members and thin-walled hollow shafts. It covers torsion of rectangular and square cross-sections, as well as the distribution of shear stress. 2) Formulas are provided for calculating maximum shear stress and angle of twist in thin-walled hollow shafts. Shear stress is calculated based on torque and area bounded by the wall cross-section. 3) An example is given to calculate maximum torque for different cross-sections like square, rectangular, and a square tube based on given maximum shear stress.

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117 views7 pages

Review and Summary 5.1 Torsion of Noncircular Members and Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

1) The document discusses torsion in non-circular members and thin-walled hollow shafts. It covers torsion of rectangular and square cross-sections, as well as the distribution of shear stress. 2) Formulas are provided for calculating maximum shear stress and angle of twist in thin-walled hollow shafts. Shear stress is calculated based on torque and area bounded by the wall cross-section. 3) An example is given to calculate maximum torque for different cross-sections like square, rectangular, and a square tube based on given maximum shear stress.

Uploaded by

Biswajyoti Pani
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Review and Summary 5.

1 Torsion of noncircular members and thin-walled hollow shafts Torsion of noncircular members

(a)

(b)

(c)

FIGURE8.12 (a) Torsion of a bar of square cross section, showing distortion of a


rectangular grid on the lateral surfaces.(b)Cross section remain square.(Thus distortion of the lateral surface grid is caused by x-direction warping motion.) (c) State of stress at points A and B under torque T.

On the corner of the cross section : yx=0 yz=0 zx=0 zy=0 xy=0 xz=0

Shearing in uniform rectangular cross section


Table 3.1 Coefficient for Rectangular Bars in Torsion A/b C1 C2 1.0 0.208 0.1406 1.2 0.219 0.1661 1.5 0.231 0.1958 2.0 0.246 0.229 2.5 0.258 0.249 3.0 0.267 0.263 4.0 0.282 0.281 5.0 0.291 0.291 10.0 0.312 0.312 0.333 0.333

max = =

T c1ab 2

TL c 2 ab3G

For a/b>=5 , c1=c2=1/3 (1-0.630b/a)

Distribution of shearing stress---membrane analogy

* A homogeneous elastic membrane attached to a fixed frame and subjected to a uniform pressure on one side--- analog of the bar in torsion: The shearing stress will have the same direction as the horizontal tangent to the membrane at Q, and its magnitude will be proportional to the maximum slope. The applied torque will be proportional to the volume between the membrane and the plane of the frame.

Shearing stress in thin-walled members

<1> Regular cross section <2>Thin-walled members

Torsion of thin-walled hollow shafts

(1)

stress analysis

Consider a hollow cylindrical member of non-circular cross section, equilibrium of the element AB requires FA=FB

At A x = b tb y
(by using shear equivalent) q=t=constant

shear flow

Analogy: (1) the distribution of shear stress in the transverse section of a thin-walled hollow shaft (2) the distribution of the velocities v in water flowing through a closed channel of unit depth and variable width. Flow in channel q=vt Shear force in the thin-wall q=t

(2) Formula for shearing stress and angle of twist


Shearing Stress:

The shear force dF on a small element ds is dF=dA=(tds)=qds The moment dM0 of dF about an arbitrary point O is dM0=pdF=pqds=q(pds) The moment dM0 of dF about on arbitrary point O is dM0=pdF=pqds=q(pds) where pds equals twice the area element da of tringle: dM0=q(2da) The torque T is

A----the area bounded by the center line of wall cross section The shear stress q T = = t 2tA The angle of twist TL ds = 4 A2G t

T = dM 0 = q (2da) = 2qA

(circular tube, an special case)

Example

<1> Determine the shear stress in uniform and variable wall thickness = T 2tA (T is given) <2> Using =40Mpa, determine the largest torque which may be applied to each of the brass bars and tube. a) Bar with square cross section max=T/c1ab2,T=532N m b) Bar with rectangular cross section max=T/c1ab2,T=414N m c) Square tube : max=T/2tA,T=555N m

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