BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FORMULAS
BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FORMULAS
CIRCUIT ELEMENT RESISTANCE INDUCTANCE IMPEDANCE VOLT-AMP EQUATIONS RMS values for sinusoidal signals Vrms=IrmsR Vrms=Irms2fL Vrms=Irms/(2fC) absolute complex instantaneous value form values R 2fL R jL 1/jC v=iR v=Ldi/dt i=Cdv/dt ENERGY (dissipated on R or stored in L, C) E=Irms2Rt E=Li2/2 E=Cv2/2
CAPACITANCE 1/(2fC)
Notes: R- electrical resistance in ohms, L- inductance in henrys, C- capacitance in farads, f - frequency in hertz, t- time in seconds, 3.14159; =2f - angular frequency; j - imaginary unit ( j2=-1 )
BASIC ELECTRICAL THEOREMS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS LAWS LAW DEFINITION RELATIONSHIP Lorentz force law, Faraday's law and Drude model Conservation of electric charge Conservation of energy =Z, where and - voltage and Ohm's Law modified current phasors, Z - complex for AC circuits with impedance sinusoidal signals (for resistive circuits: u=Ri ) Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) The sum of electric currents which flow into any junction in an electric circuit is equal to the sum of currents which flow out The sum of the electrical voltages around a closed circuit must be zero
EQUATIONS FOR SERIES AND PARALLEL CONNECTIONS
CIRCUIT ELEMENT SERIES CONNECTION Rseries= R1+R2+... PARALLEL CONNECTION Rparallel= 1/ (1/R1+1/R2+...)
RESISTANCE
INDUCTANCE
Lseries= L1+L2+...
Lparallel= 1/(1/L1+1/L2+...)
CAPACITANCE
Cseries= 1/ (1/C1+1/C2+...)
Cparallel= C1+C2+...
RLC IMPEDANCE FORMULAS
CIRCUIT CONNECTION COMPLEX FORM Z=R+jL+1/jC Series ABSOLUTE VALUE
Z= 1/(1/R+1/jL+jC) Parallel
MAGNETIC FIELD UNITS AND EQUATIONS
SYMBOL CGS UNIT CGS EQUATION CONVERSION FACTOR
QUANTITY
SI UNIT
SI EQUATION
Magnetic induction Magnetic field strength Magnetic flux
B H
tesla (T) ampere/ meter (A/m) weber (Wb)
B=o(H+M)
Gauss (G)
B = H+4M H = 0.4NI/lc (lc - magnetic path, cm)
1T= 104 G 1 A/m = 4 10-3 Oe 1 Wb = 108 M
H = NI/lc Oersted ( lc - magnetic (Oe) path, m) = BAc (Ac - area, m2 ) M=m/V (m- total magnetic moment, V- volume, m3 ) o= 410-7
Maxwell = BAc (M) (Ac - area, cm2 ) M=m/V (m- total magnetic moment, V- volume, cm3 ) L= =0.4N2Ac/lc 10-8 (N- turns, Ac-area, cm2, lc - magnetic path, cm) V= -10-8 Nd/dt (N- turns)
Magnetization
ampere/ meter (A/m)
emu/cm
1 A/m = 10-3 emu / cm3
Magnetic permeability of vacuum
newton/ ampere2
410-7
Inductance
henry
L=oN2Ac/lc (N- turns, Ac- area, m2, lc - magnetic path, m) V= -Nd/dt (N- turns)
henry
Emf (voltage)
volt
volt
MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS IN FREE SPACE (IN SI UNITS)
LAW DIFFERENTIAL FORM INTEGRAL FORM
Gauss' law for electricity Gauss' law for magnetism Faraday's law of induction Ampere's law
NOTES: E - electric field, - charge density, 0 8.8510-12 - electric permittivity of free space, 3.14159, k - Boltzmann's constant, q - charge, B - magnetic induction, - magnetic flux, J - current density, i - electric current, c 299 792 458 m/s - the speed of light, 0 = 410-7 - magnetic permeability of free space, - del operator (if V is a vector function, then . V - divergence of V, V - the curl of V).
For more reference info see EE Information Online 2009 Lazar Rozenblat SMPS Power Supply Guide ( http://www.smps.us/ ) - tutorials, electronics reference, formulas, schematics.
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