Unit 10 Objects around us 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

Properties of objects are the size, shape, and colour. We observe the similarities and differences in objects properties. Objects have mass which can be measured using lever balance and electronic balance. The mass of an objects is measured in grams (g) or kilograms (kg). Objects are made of materials such as wood, paper, rubber, metals, ceramics, glass, and plastic. Wood come from trees. We use wood to make furniture and toys. Paper is made from wood. Rubber is made from the sap of rubber trees (white milky substance) Rubber is used to make rubber bands, tyres, and hoses. Metals come from the ground. Example of metals are iron, silver, and gold. Metals are used to make tools, kitchen utensils, and jewellery. Ceramics are made from clay. Ceramics can be used to make bricks, pots, tiles, vases, and false teeth. Glass is made from sand. Plastic is made from oil.

Unit 11 Changes in materials 1. Materials can change when we press, twist, hammer, bend, pull, heat or cool them. 2. Changes in size and shape materials are called physical changes. 3. If the materials can return to their original form after they have changed physically, these changes are temporary (ex: plastic ruler, ping-pong ball) 4. If the materials can not return to their original form after they have changed physically, these changes are permanent (ex: broken glass, broken wooden pencil, pressed water bottle). 5. The useful of physical changes: a. Plastic wrap to wrap the apples b. Plastic bags to hold shopping items c. Rubber bands to tie objects together d. Wet clay to become clay pots 6. When it is hot, metals becomes bigger. 7. When it is cooled, metals becomes smaller.

Unit 12 Three states of matter 1. Living things and non-living things are matter. 2. Three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. 3. The properties of matter are : a. Matter has mass b. Matter takes up place 4. Mass is the amount of substance something has. 5. Volume is the amount of space that matter can take up 6. Volume can be measured in cubic centimetres (cm3), mililitres (ml), or litres (l).

Unit 13 Air 1. Air is in around us. 2. We cannot see air, but we can feel air when it is moving and we can see things move as a result of air blowing at them. 3. Examples of how living things need air: a. To stay alive (living things) b. To make food (plants) 4. Examples of how we use air: a. Fill things up b. Keep fire burning c. Help things float 5. Moving air is called wind. 6. The movement of air is caused by warm and cold air moving from one place to another.

Unit 14 Water 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. The sources of water are lakes, ponds, rivers, wells, and taps. Water is important and precious. Conversing water is using water carefully and not wasting it. Water should be conserved by reducing, reusing, and recycling. Reducing is using less water (ex: wash dishes in a tub of water, wash the car using a pail of water) Reusing is using water again (ex: reuse the water after washing vegetables to water the plants, reuse the water to wash the toilet after rinsing our clothes.) Recycling is used again as clean water. Water becomes dirty when we throw litter and waste into it. Examples of uses if water: a. We drink water every day b. We brush our teeth every day c. Water for cooking d. To wash clothes e. To washing the dishes

Unit 15 Forces 1. When we want to locate an object, we usually state its position relative to another objects or background. 2. A force can be a push or pull on an object. 3. Forces can cause objects to: a. Start or stop moving b. Change speed, direction or their shape 4. Forces can produce by wind and water. 5. Opposing force is the force pushing against or pulling away from us when we push or pull an object.

Unit 16 Light 1. The sources of light are main source (sun) and other source (stars, lamps, lit candles, and torches) 2. We need light to help us see. 3. Uses of light from the sun: a. For photo taking b. For animals to see c. For plants to make food 4. Effects of too little light from the sun: a. Our eyes become tired b. Frogs and lizards become inactive c. Poor growth (on plants) 5. Effects of too much light from the sun: a. Damage our skin b. Damage some animals eyes and skin c. Browning of leaves 6. The uses of light from other sources: a. For decorating b. For controlling traffic c. For warning d. For producing images

Unit 17 Heat 1. Sources of heat are main source (sun) and other source (burning wood, ovens, irons, etc) 2. The uses of the heat from the sun to: a. Dry many objects b. Dry food c. Warm water in water tanks d. Keep animals body warm and function normally e. Live and grow (plants) 3. Effects of too little heat from the sun: a. We will feel cold and shiver b. Some animals become inactive and hibernate c. Some plants stop growing shoots and flowers 4. Effect of too much heat from the sun: a. Harm our body b. Some animals will not be able to function properly c. Plants will wilt and die 5. Uses of heat from other sources: a. For cooking b. For keeping warm c. For drying 6. Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is. 7. To get an accurate temperature, we should use thermometer. 8. Temperature is measured in degree Celcius (0C). 9. To measure the temperature of our body, we use a clinical thermometer. 10. To measure temperature in Science experiments, we use a laboratory thermometer. 11. Handle objects that produce heat and hot: a. Use tongs to touch hot objects b. Use oven gloves to handle hot food c. Turn off the flame of gas after use

Unit 18 Sources and uses of electricity 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Electricity can come from batteries or an electric power station. A battery contains chemicals. It has a positive (+ve) terminal and a negative (-ve) terminal. We get electricity produced in power stations by plugging equipment into an electrical socket. Objects that need electricity to work are called electrical equipment. To produce electricity, electric power stations use natural resources, such as coal and oil. Some ways to conserve electricity at home: a. At night, sleep with the light off. b. Use energy-saving bulbs c. Do not open the refrigerator unnecessarily 7. Electricity must be used safely by: a. Not using damaged electrical equipment b. Not overloading electrical sockets c. Not touching switches with wet hands

Unit 19 Sound 1. Sounds are produced by objects that vibrate. 2. We use sound to: a. Warn people of danger b. Communicate with one another c. Entertain people 3. We can produce sounds when we: a. Hit a box b. Pluck the string of a guitar c. Blow air into a whistle 4. Sounds can be loud, soft, high-pitched, or low-pitched. 5. Example of loud sound is the boom from a plane. 6. Example of soft sound is a persons whisper. 7. Example of high-pitched sound is a mouses squeak or a scream. 8. Example of low-pitched sound is the boom of thunder.

Unit 20 Rocks 1. A rock is a natural solid material that made up of grains of one or more natural substances called mineral. 2. Rocks can be found everywhere such as underground, on hills, on beaches, near rivers, near streams, and in fields. 3. We can classify rocks according to colour and texture. 4. We describe the texture of a rock by talking about the size, shape, pattern of its grains. 5. The size of grains are large or coarse grains and tiny or fine grains. 6. The shape of grains are smooth and rounded or jagged. 7. The pattern of grains are banded, swirling, or definite pattern. 8. Uses of rocks: a. To build houses, b. To make window panes c. To make sidewalks d. To make plates and bowls e. To decorate place

Unit 21 The sun, the earth, and the moon 1. The sun is our main source of light and heat on the Earth. 2. The amount of heat from the sun that reaches the Earth is enough to keep the Earth warm and support life. 3. The sun, the moon, and the Earth are in the space. 4. Space is a huge and dark area outside the Earth. 5. Earth is a planet that moves around the sun. 6. The moon moves around the Earth. 7. The sun, the moon, and the Earth are shaped like a sphere. 8. The sun is made up of hot gasses. 9. When things are in the sun, they form shadows (dark areas on the ground near them). 10. The position of the sun and the size and position of shadows : a. Long shadows in the morning b. Short shadows in the afternoon c. Long shadows in the evening 11. The cardinal points are the four main directions (North, South, West, and East) 12. Cardinal points are used to tell directions and locate places. 13. A compass rose is used on a map to locate directions. 14. The South is always directly opposite the North. 15. The West is always to the left of the North. 16. The East is always to the right of the North. 17. The sun rises in the East and sets in the West. 18. A compass has a needle that always points to the North.