Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Structural concepts for minimum facility platforms for Marginal field development in western offshore, India A collaborative project By IIT Madras and IEOT,ONGC
24 April 2007
1 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Outline
Conventional Wellhead Platforms Existing Marginal platforms Minimum Facility Platforms Basic Requirements Environmental Conditions Installation by Jackups Concepts Technical Feasibility Cost Comparison Conclusions
11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Field Map Western Offshore, India
B-105
2180000
##
B-15
B-55
S HG
B-188
2170000
B-48 B-46
SBM
NQO BHN
B-157# B-59
" 16
77
km
5 to B-5
B-127
2160000
2150000
MUMBAI HIGH
WO-24 ICW BHS
BHE-1
2140000
Mukta Field (JV)
14" OIL 12" GAS Panna Field (JV)
B-45
2130000
SH B-149 B-147
36" X 23 1 km Gas trunk 42" line X 24 Bass 4 km ein Gas to H trunk azira line BPB to H azira
BPA
BS-13 BS-16
VASAI EAST (BSE)
26
B-192
2120000
28"
X 78 km
B-22# BPB
SH BPB Line
30 "
B-121/119
2110000
30 "
BS-12
BASSEIN
##
B-80
X 14 2 km SH P -H
WO-5
2100000
B-178 B-23A
EE RA
## B-193 B-28 ##
"G as tru 20 nk 3k lin e to m Oil Ura tru n nk lin e to B-172## Ura n
B-173A# B-179
##
WO-15
2090000
WO-16 D-33
2080000
##
B-180
Lin e
##
INDEX
B-28A## B-37# B-134
2070000
lin e
OIL LINE GAS LINE OIL FIELD GAS FIELD
D-1
D-18
2060000
18 " oi l an dg as
Marginal Fields around Mumbai High and Bassein Fields
SCALE
0 km 10 km
780000
NEELAM
e nk lin ran to U to Ur an
OIL & GAS FIELD
# ##
SOUR FIELD HIGHLY SOUR FIELD SWEET OIL/GAS
24"
tru Oil
20 km
790000
30 km
800000
40 km
810000 820000
HEERA
830000 840000
G 26"
as tru
e nk lin
710000
720000
730000
740000
750000
760000
770000
850000
860000
11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
CONVENTIONAL WELL PLATFORM CONFIGURATIONS
SINGLE PILE CONFIGURATION SKIRT PILE (ONLY) CONFIGURATION SKIRT & MAIN PILE CONFIGURATION
Main Pile of 60 INCH 68 INCH 72 INCH 84 INCH 90 INCH
Combinations of 54 SKIRT WITH 48 MAIN PILE 54 SKIRT WITH 54 MAIN PILE 60 SKIRT WITH 54 MAIN PILE
Skirt Piles of 84 SKIRT WITH 48 LEG 84 SKIRT WITH 60 LEG FULL BRACING 84 SKIRT WITH 60 LEG
4 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Concepts used in other regions in the industry
UK
5 11/19/2012
Norway
Australia
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
PROPOSED CONCEPTS FOR WESTERN OFFSHORE Mono Pile Concepts Jacket Type Concepts
Braced Conductor legs
Guy Supports structure
11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Mono Pile Concepts
Mono pile concepts involve driving of large diameter pile and supporting the deck from the single leg. This can be augmented by additional skirt piles in order to reduce large bending of mono piles. The mono pile houses 3 or 4 conductors inside thus reducing the wave loads. Another alternative to this is to have conductors outside the mono pile.
1(a)
1(b)
1(c)
Mono Pile without Guy Wire 7 11/19/2012
Braced Mono Tower (Inside Conductor) Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Braced Mono Tower (Outside Conductor)
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Jacket Type Concepts
Jacket type concepts involves 3 or 4 legs with conductors inside the jacket framing. The jacket legs are either battered or vertical. Three alternate scheme are proposed are shown in figure. The above concepts can be extended to water depths exceeding 30m and has the flexibility of increase in number of wells or topside configurations.
2(a)
2(b)
2(c)
4 Legged Jacket Structure 8 11/19/2012
4 Legged Jacket Structure with Batter Piles
3 Legged Jacket Structure
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Braced Conductor Leg Concepts
In this concepts four conductor cum legs are braced to form frame which will be fixed to the seabed by skirt piles. The advantage of these concepts is that the wave loads is reduced considerably since the jacket legs and framing near water level is reduced.
3 (a)
3 (b)
Braced Leg Jacket (4 Piles) 9 11/19/2012
Braced Leg Jacket (3 Piles)
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Guy support Structures
4(a) 4(b) 4(c)
4 Legged Jacket with Hollow Base Steel Caisson
4 Legged Jacket with Steel Caisson with Each Legs
Mono Pile with Guy Wires
The slender structure as proposed earlier are transversely supported by guy wires to reduce lateral deflection and bending stresses. Further the support reaction in terms of pile loads will be reduced considerably.
10 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Focus of the development
Understanding the requirements of marginal field. Developing new concepts to suit the west coast environmental parameters. Pile Loads and configurations will govern the economics of the concept. Pile Load distribution from past experience shows that Dead Load : 25% Facilities (Equipment) : 20% Wave + current Load : 50% Wind Load : 5% Installation costs for offshore platforms play a major role and hence installation by means of unconventional methods may need to be reviewed. Smaller Crane barges Item Cost Pipe lay Vessel with cranes Engineering 5% Structure 25% Jackups Equipment 25% Self installation methods
Installation
11 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
24 April 2007
50%
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
CONVENTIONAL WELLHEAD PLATFORMS
Design life varies from 25 - 30 years. No. of wells varies from 4 16. Water depth ranges from 20m 100m. Two level deck with the dimension of 20m x 40m. Large space (40 x 20) for CTU operation Separate Helideck is provided. Platform crane provided. Boat landing is provided. Total topside weight is in the order of 2000 2500 Tonnes Modular rig such as Sundowner VI or VII is allowed. Unmanned platform with temporary two or four man bunk house
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MARGINAL FIELD WELLHEAD PLATFORMS
Design life varies from 5 10 years. No. of wells varies from 2 - 4. Water depth ranges from 20m 60m. Two level deck with the dimension of 20m x 20m. No separate Helideck is provided. Main deck can be used as helideck. No Pedestal crane provided. V notch ladder type Boat landing is provided. Total topside weight is less than 750 Tonnes No Modular rig is allowed. Unmanned platform. No temporary bunk house provided.
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Limiting Parameters
Access to wells for drilling by jackup from north face, the skirt piles or projection of substructure on the north face to be avoided. The soil conditions and environmental parameters in shallow water is substantially different from conditions exist in many other parts of world Large deflection shall be avoided as the platform supports well heads. Dynamics of the slender platform shall be kept in mind to avoid resonant vibrations and subsequent fatigue related issues. Installation robustness to avoid delay in projects during execution
24 April 2007
13 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Installation by Jackup rigs
The cost optimization by means of unconventional installation spread was considered to be an option such as use of Jackups. Due to limitations on size of jackets / deck modules, jackups are not suitable. Height limitation due to vertical movement of jackup legs will be a constraint. Jackup foot print during installation may hamper future drilling activities. Hence use of small derrick barge / pipe lay vessels with crane capacity of 1200 Tonnes is found to be suitable for this type of installation.
24 April 2007
14 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
REPRESENTATIVE SITE
Environmental conditions at C-series location has been considered for this study. The location selected has some of the difficult parameters to be used in design such as wave, current and geotechnical conditions. Similar conditions are expected at other marginal field. It can be observed that the top 30m is a soft clay offering very les pile capacity.
Parameter Wave height (m) Wave period (sec) Surface current(m/sec) Water depth (m) Wind speed (km/h) (1-hr.Avg) 15 1 year return 10.366 10.4 1.341 30 77 100 year return 17.073 13.90 1.768 30 138
11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
WAVE AND CURRENT 1 YEAR RETURN PERIOD (OPERATING)
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11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
WAVE & CURRENT 100 YEAR RETURN PERIOD (EXTREME STORM)
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11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore Mono Pile without Guy Wire
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight
: 750 Tonnes : 330 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1 Main Pile : 142 : 80m : 350 Tonnes : 1430 Tonnes : 6 Days : US$ 16M
Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk
: Large deflection Additional MSF required
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11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk
: 750 Tonnes : 370 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1 Main & 2 Skirt Piles : 142 (Main) : 60 (Skirt) : 80m : 630 Tonnes : 1750 Tonnes : 12 Days : US$ 22M
Braced Mono Tower (Inside Conductor)
Critical fatigue Joint
: Fatigue at brace junction Additional MSF required
19 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk
: 750 Tonnes : 300 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1 Main & 2 Skirt Piles : 60 : 80m : 470 Tonnes : 1520 Tonnes : 12 Days : US$ 21M
Braced Mono Tower (Outside Conductor)
Critical fatigue Joint
: Fatigue at brace junction
Additional MSF required Conductors exposed to damage
20 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
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Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore 4 Legged Jacket Structure
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight
: 750 Tonnes : 460 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 4 Main Piles : 60 : 80m : 640 Tonnes : 1850 Tonnes : 15 Days : US$ 25M
Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk
: Increased pile loads due to
limited dimensions of jacket base
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11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore 4 Legged Jacket Structure with Batter piles
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight
: 750 Tonnes : 490 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 4 Main Piles : 60 : 80m : 640 Tonnes : 1880 Tonnes : 15 Days : US$ 25M
Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk Level
: No major issues
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11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
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Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore 3 Legged Jacket Structure
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight
: 750 Tonnes : 350 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 3 Main Piles : 60 : 88m : 510 Tonnes : 1610 Tonnes : 15 Days : US$ 23M
Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk Level
: Large Pile loads at south pile
Installation difficulty
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11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore Braced Leg Jacket (4 Piles)
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost
Risk Level
: 750 Tonnes : 500 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 4 Skirt Piles : 60 : 77m : 530 Tonnes : 1780 Tonnes : 15 Days : US$ 24M
Critical fatigue Joint
: Conductor legs exposed for damage MSF is required Fatigue at brace junction
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
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11/19/2012
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Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore Braced Leg Jacket (3 Piles)
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost
Risk Level
: 750 Tonnes : 450 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 3 Skirt Piles : 60 : 77m : 400 Tonnes : 1600 Tonnes : 12 Days : US$ 21M
Critical fatigue Joint
: Conductor legs exposed for damage MSF is required Fatigue at brace junction Large pullout loads on south pile
25 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Caisson Weight Installation Offshore Work Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost
Risks
: 750 Tonnes : 440 Tonnes : 400 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1590 Tonnes : 18 Days : US$ 25M
4 Legged Jacket with Hollow Base Steel Caisson (with Guy Wire)
: Installation of guy systems Installation of large caisson Damage to guy wires Approach by boat Large anchor forces
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11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
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Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Caisson Weight Installation Offshore Work Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost
Risks
: 750 Tonnes : 480 Tonnes : 250 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1480 Tonnes : 18 Days : US$ 24M
4 Legged Jacket with Steel Caisson with Each Legs (with Guy Wire)
: Installation of guy systems Damage to guy wires Approach by boat Large anchor forces
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11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore Mono Pile with Guy Wire
Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost
Risk
: 750 Tonnes : 330 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1 Main Pile : 142 : 80m : 350 Tonnes : 1430 Tonnes : 15 Days : US$ 22M
: Installation of guy systems Damage to guy wires Approach by boat Large anchor forces
28 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
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Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Weight Comparison
S. No 1a 1b 1c 2a 2b 2c 3a 3b 4a 4b 4c Mono pile Braced Mono tower (Inside Conductor) Braced Mono tower (Outside Conductor) 4 Legged Jacket Structure 4 Legged Jacket Structure with Batter Piles 3 Legged Jacket Structure Braced Legs (4 piles) Braced Legs (3 piles) 4 Legged Jacket with Hollow Base Steel Caisson (Guy Wire) 4 Legged Jacket with Steel Caisson with Each Legs (Guy wire) Mono pile with Guywire Description Jacket (MT) 330 370 300 460 490 350 500 450 440 480 330 Pile (MT) 350 630 470 640 640 510 530 400 400 250 350 Total (MT) 680 1000 770 1100 1130 860 1030 850 840 730 680 Recommendation Feasible for 1-2 conductors Recommended Recommended with large diameter mono pile Recommended Recommended Not Recommended Recommended Not Recommended Not Recommended Not Recommended Not Recommended
Variation of weight among the concepts is limited to 10 to 20% except for mono pile
29 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Jacket concepts
Braced conductors
Guy wire concepts
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11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
15
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Technical Feasibility Design of Mono pile and braced mono pile system has limitations on the deck foot print size. The concept can be adopted if the topside dimensions can be limited to less than 20m x 20m. Braced conductor leg concept can be implemented with sufficient conductor protection system which may alleviate the safety issue. The limitations on the deck foot print applies to this option also. Guy support structures require pile foundations for wire anchor system which will be costly. Further, guyed wire support systems not recommended based on installation and safety issues due to potential failure of guy wires. Hence an optimized conventional jacket will prove to be a potential candidate both in terms of safety and installation even though cost is slightly higher. Installation by jackup rigs shall be considered carefully only for water depths less than 30m.
31 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Conclusions Mono pile with braced skirt pile system offers economical solution and can be installed by small derrick or pipe lay barge as the weight of each component is less than 650 Tonnes. Hence this can be implemented in upcoming marginal fields with water depth not exceeding 50m.
For other marginal fields where water depth is greater than 50m, optimized jacket concepts are recommended.
Braced conductor legs can be used with sufficient leg protection and fatigue design.
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
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11/19/2012
16
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Thank you
33
11/19/2012
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore
Deflection for Various options X - deflection Y - Deflection (mm) (mm) Option Description Operating Storm Operating Storm Monopile Braced Mono tower (3 piles)_Inside Conductor Braced Mono tower (3 piles)_Outside Conductor 4 Legged Jacket Structure 4 Legged Jacket Structure With Batter Piles 3 Legged Jacket Structure Braced Legs (4 piles) Braced Legs (3 piles) 4 Legged Jacket with hollow base steel caisson 4 Legged Jacket with steel caisson with each legs Monopile with Guywire
34 11/19/2012
Options 1a 1b 1c 2a 2b 2c 3a 3b 4a 4b 4c
282 64 163 85 80 99 160 175 39 14 20
1125 212 3783 486 301 674 363 476 100 42 99
393 105 207 149 50 149 120 149 38 17 27
936 267 647 426 109 1190 372 622 69 30 83
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36
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