SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING
Pre - Processing Flow
SEGY Input, Resampling Geometry Geometry Assignment Velan 1 NMO Correction BPF, Low Freq. Filtering Muting TAR & AGC DBS NMO Correction Muting Stacking DAS Autocorrelation Velan after DBS Spectral Analysis Field Report Observer Report SPS File
1st STACK (Brute Stack)
Main Processing Flow
Decon CDP Gather
F-K Stacking
F-K Demultiple
Radon Demultiple
Radon Stacking
DMO STACK Velan for PSDM PSDM Post Stack MIG Velan for Mig PSTM Velan for PSTM
PSDM Stacking
PSTM Stacking
Filtering
Filtering
Filtering
Scalling
Scalling
Scalling
Final Stack
Segala sesuatu tidaklah sesulit yang kita lihat, segala sesuatu lebih menguntungkan daripada yang diduga, dan jika ada kemungkinan berhasil, maka hal itu akan benar-benar terjadi dan pada saat yang terbaik - Jim Dornan -
2D Marine Geometry
Auto-2D and Geometry Setup
2D Marine Geometry
SIN OPF
2D Marine Geometry
PAT OPF
2D Marine Geometry
Binning
2D Marine Geometry
TRC OPF
Shot Gather
Shot Gather with Trace Length (3500)
Spectral Analysis
Low Freq Noise Direct Wave Amplitude Not Recovered
True Amplitude Recovery (TAR)
Geometric Spreading Correction
Low Freq Noise decreased Direct Wave -- GONE Amplitude -- Recovered
TAR Test
TAR Test
Shot Gather After AGC
Low Freq Noise increased
Amplitude -- reduced
Shot Gather After AGC
with AGC operator length 500
Trace Muting/Editing
Top Mute /Low Cut
TAR & AGC
Bandpass Filter
Spectral Analysis
Deconvolution
Spectral Analysis
Deconvolution (Minimum Phase Predictive)
Shot Gather
TAR+AGC+MUTE
Bandpass
Decon
Kemampuan Anda mengembangkan orang lain merupakan cara bagi Anda untuk maju ke depan. Cara terbaik untuk maju ke depan adalah mengajarkan kepada orang lain untuk maju ke depan - Donald K David-
CDP Gather Pre Process Before Decon
CDP Gather Pre Process After Decon
Spectral Analysis
Input : Shot Gather
Spectral Analysis
Input : After Bandpass
Spectral Analysis
Input : After Deconvolution following bandpass
Velocity Analysis I
Velocity Analysis I Editor
RMS Velocity
Velocity Analysis I Editor
RMS Velocity
CDP gather with NMO(Vel 1)
Input Data : After Decon
Stack Before Deconvolution
Water bottom Multiple (Near)
Stack After Deconvolution Brute Stack
How about this?
Water bottom Multiple (near) -- GONE
Spectral Analysis Brute Stack
Optimisme yang sesungguhnya adalah menyadari adanya masalah tetapi mengenali pemecahannya, mengetahui adanya kesulitan tetapi yakin bahwa itu dapat diatasi, melihat yang negatif tetapi menekankan yang positif, menghadapi yang terburuk tetapi mengharap yang terbaik, punya alasan untuk mengeluh tetapi memilih untuk tersenyum - William Arthur Ward -
Radon Filter 1
Radon Filter 1
CDP gather with NMO(Vel 1) Radon 1
Stack
CDP gather with NMO(Vel 1) Radon 1
Velocity Analysis II
Velocity Analysis II Editor
RMS Velocity II
Velocity Analysis II Editor
RMS Velocity II
Interval Velocity
Interval Velocity Single
CDP gather with NMO(Vel II)
Stack
CDP gather with NMO(Vel 2) Radon 1
Radon Filter II
Radon Filter II
CDP gather with NMO(Vel II) Radon II
CDP gather 5000
From Pre-Process NMO & Radon Filter
CDP gather Pre-Process
CDP gather with NMO (Vel I)
CDP gather with NMO (Vel I) Radon I
CDP gather with NMO (Vel 2) Radon I
CDP gather with NMO (Vel II) Radon II
CDP gather 5250
From Pre-Process NMO & Radon Filter
CDP gather Pre-Process
CDP gather with NMO (Vel I)
CDP gather with NMO (Vel I) Radon I
CDP gather with NMO (Vel 2) Radon I
CDP gather with NMO (Vel II) Radon II
CDP gather 5500
From Pre-Process NMO & Radon Filter
CDP gather Pre-Process
CDP gather with NMO (Vel I)
CDP gather with NMO (Vel I) Radon I
CDP gather with NMO (Vel 2) Radon I
CDP gather with NMO (Vel II) Radon II
CDP gather 5750
From Pre-Process NMO & Radon Filter
CDP gather Pre-Process
CDP gather with NMO (Vel I)
CDP gather with NMO (Vel I) Radon I
CDP gather with NMO (Vel 2) Radon I
CDP gather with NMO (Vel II) Radon II
CDP gather 6000
From Pre-Process NMO & Radon Filter
CDP gather Pre-Process
CDP gather with NMO (Vel I)
CDP gather with NMO (Vel I) Radon I
CDP gather with NMO (Vel 2) Radon I
CDP gather with NMO (Vel II) Radon II
Brute Stack
Stack
CDP gather with NMO(Vel 2) Radon 2
Stack
Using F-X Deconvolution
Stack
Using TVS
Kalau Anda tidak menyadari siapa diri Anda dan di mana Anda berada sekarang, jangan meresahkannya karena Anda tidak harus terikat dengan siapa diri Anda atau dimana Anda berada sekarang. Anda bisa tambah, Anda bisa berubah, Anda bisa lebih dari diri Anda sekarang - Zig Ziglar -
Post Stack Time Migration
Using Reverse Time T-K Migration (Interval Velocity Single)
Post Stack Time Migration
Using Implicit FD Time Migration (Interval Velocity)
Post Stack Depth Migration
Using Implicit FD Depth Migration (Interval Velocity)
Post Stack Time Migration
Using Fast Explicit FD Time Migration (Interval Velocity)
Post Stack Time Migration
Using Steep Dip Explicit FD Time Migration (Interval Velocity)
Post Stack Depth Migration
Using Explicit FD Depth Migration (Interval Velocity in Depth)
Interval Velocity in Depth
Post Stack Time Migration
Using Stolt 2D F-K Migration Stolt Strecth Factor (W=1)
Post Stack Time Migration
Using Phase Shift 2D Migration
Migration of dip ( Up to 90 degree only)
Post Stack Time Migration
Using Kirchhoff Time Migration
Post Stack Depth Migration
Using Kirchhoff Depth Migration
Berpikir secara baik berarti membiarkan otak bekerja secara fleksibel. Jangan biarkan proses berpikir Anda menjadi kaku, karena itu akan menyulitkan Anda untuk berpikir secara lain - Richard Denny -
Common Offset
Pre Stack Kirchhoff Time Migration (PSTM) PSTM Gather
Pre Stack Kirchhoff Time Migration (PSTM)
Velocity RMS for PSTM
Pre Stack Kirchhoff Depth Migration (PSDM) PSDM Gather
Pre Stack Kirchhoff Depth Migration (PSDM)
Conclusion
Problems to data: poor quality due to low S/N ratio, can only cover reflections until ~3000 ms Gain recovery is necessary to bring up the amplitude decay at late travel time due to attenuation of earth layer and geometrical spreading of expanding waveform. Noises are: Low frequency noise (below 2 Hz), water bottom multiple, direct wave, reverberations, and diffractions. Predictive decon gives reliable solutions to reduce reverberations, help reduce short period multiple but fail to reduce long period multiple Velocity analysis gives a good estimation of RMS velocity for NMO correction; looking at the result, velocity is increasing with depth, with small lateral variation Radon filter gives better result in reducing long period multiple, but still left some part of multiple energy FX decon after stack is more better than before stack section. Line Moncex is not sensitive to migration, because of the low dip structure
Noises on 2D Marine Data
Direct wave
Low frequency Noise Unmigrated reflector
Multiples
Diffraction
Jalan yang kita lewati mungkin berbedabeda, tetapi yakinlah dengan jalan yang kita lewati itu, kelak pasti akan memberi manfaat buat kita. Tetapi tidak menutup kemungkinan jika jalan yang kita lewati bercabang dan memberi banyak pilihan buat kita, mau pilih jalan yang mana? Up 2 U - Pranowo Moncex Nugroho -
