Conguring Synchronous Serial Ports
Synchronous serial ports can be used for leased-line or dial-up communications. In addition, high-speed lines (E1 or T1) can be congured to support multiple serial interfaces that can themselves be congured as if they were attached to dial-up lines. Finally, dialers can be congured on synchronous serial lines to support dial-on-demand routing. This chapter presents conguration tasks required to make a serial interface operational. To congure routing and dial capabilities, additional conguration is required. For information about dial-up uses of the serial interfaces, refer to the Conguring Channelized E1 and Channelized T1 chapter and to the chapters in the Dial-on-Demand Routing part of this manual. For protocol-specic routing conguration tasks, see the relevant routing protocol chapters in other volumes of the Cisco IOS software conguration guides. Synchronous serial ports are available on many serial network interface processors and cards. Refer to the Cisco Product Catalog for information about available router and interface options. For a complete description of the synchronous interface commands in this chapter, refer to the Synchronous Serial Port Setup Commands chapter of the Dial Solutions Command Reference. To locate documentation of other commands that appear in this chapter, use the command reference master index or search online.
Note In Cisco IOS Release 11.3, all commands supported on the Cisco 7500 series are also
supported on the Cisco 7000 series.
Synchronous Serial Interface Task List
Perform the tasks in the following sections to congure a synchronous serial interface. The rst task is required; the remaining tasks are optional.
Specify a Synchronous Serial Interface Specify Synchronous Serial Encapsulation Congure PPP Congure Compression of HDLC Data Congure the CRC Use the Line-Coding Format Enable the Internal Clock Invert the Transmit Clock Signal
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Specify a Synchronous Serial Interface
Set Transmit Delay Congure DTR Signal Pulsing Ignore DCD and Monitor DSR as Line Up/Down Indicator Congure the Clock Rate for an DCE Mode Interface Specify the Timing Signal Conguration Specify G.703 Interface Options
For examples of synchronous serial interface conguration, see the Synchronous Serial Interface Conguration Examples section at the end of this chapter.
Specify a Synchronous Serial Interface
To specify a synchronous serial interface and enter interface conguration mode, perform one of the following tasks in global conguration mode:
Task Specify an interface and enter interface conguration mode. Command interface serial number interface serial slot/port (Cisco 7500 series or Cisco 7200 series) interface serial slot/port-adapter/port (Cisco 7200 series) interface serial slot/port:channel-group (channelized T1 or E1 interface on the Cisco 7500 series) interface serial number:channel-group (channelized T1 or E1 interface on the Cisco 4000 series)
Specify Synchronous Serial Encapsulation
Encapsulation methods are set according to the type of protocol or application you congure in the Cisco IOS software. By default, synchronous serial lines use the High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) serial encapsulation method, which provides the synchronous framing and error detection functions of HDLC without windowing or retransmission. Synchronous serial interfaces support the following serial encapsulation methods for dial solutions:
High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
In addition, synchronous serial interfaces support the following encapsulation methods that are discussed in other books in the Cisco IOS software documentation set: Asynchronous Transfer Mode-Data Exchange Interface (ATM-DXI) Frame Relay Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) Switched Multimegabit Data Services (SMDS) Cisco Serial Tunnel (STUN) X.25-based encapsulations
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Configure PPP
These encapsulation methods are dened in their respective books and chapters describing the protocols or applications. Serial encapsulation methods are also discussed in the Conguration Fundamentals Command Reference in the chapter Interface Commands under the encapsulation command. You can dene the encapsulation method for dial solutions by performing the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Congure synchronous serial encapsulation for dial solutions. Command encapsulation {hdlc | ppp}
The default is HDLC encapsulation.
Congure PPP
To congure PPP (including PPP compression), see the Conguring Media-Independent PPP chapter of this manual.
Congure Compression of HDLC Data
You can congure point-to-point software compression on serial interfaces that use HDLC encapsulation. Compression reduces the size of a HDLC frame via lossless data compression. The compression algorithm used is a Stacker (LZS) algorithm. Compression is performed in software and might signicantly affect system performance. We recommend that you disable compression if CPU load exceeds 65 percent. To display the CPU load, use the show process cpu EXEC command. If the majority of your trafc is already compressed les, you should not use compression. To congure compression over HDLC, perform the following tasks in interface conguration mode:
Task
Step 1 Step 2
Command Enable encapsulation of a single protocol on the serial line. Enable compression. encapsulation hdlc compress stac
Congure the CRC
The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on a serial interface defaults to a length of 16 bits. To change the length of the CRC to 32 bits on an FSIP or HIP of the Cisco 7000 series with RSP7000 only, complete the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Set the length of the CRC. Command crc size
Use the Line-Coding Format
All FSIP interface types on the Cisco 7000 series with RSP7000 support nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) and nonreturn-to-zero inverted (NRZI) format. This is a line-coding format that is required for serial connections in some environments. NRZ encoding is most common. NRZI encoding is used primarily with EIA/TIA-232 connections in IBM environments.
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Enable the Internal Clock
The default conguration for all serial interfaces is NRZ format. The default is no nrzi-encoding. To enable NRZI format, complete the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Enable NRZI encoding format. Command nrzi-encoding
Enable the Internal Clock
When a DTE does not return a transmit clock, use the following interface conguration command on the Cisco 7000 series with RSP7000 to enable the internally generated clock on a serial interface:
Task Enable the internally generated clock on a serial interface. Command transmit-clock-internal
Invert the Transmit Clock Signal
Delays between the SCTE clock and data transmission indicate that the transmit clock signal might not be appropriate for the interface rate and length of cable being used. Different ends of the wire may have variances that differ slightly. Invert the clock signal to compensate for these factors by completing the following task in interface conguration mode on a Cisco 7000 series with RSP7000, Cisco 7200 series, and Cisco 7500 series router:
Task Invert the clock signal on an interface. Command invert-transmit-clock
Set Transmit Delay
It is possible to send back-to-back data packets over serial interfaces faster than some hosts can receive them. You can specify a minimum dead time after transmitting a packet to alleviate this condition. This setting is available for serial interfaces on the MCI and SCI interface cards and for the HSSI or MIP. Perform one of the following tasks, as appropriate for your system, in interface conguration mode:
Task Set the transmit delay on the MCI and SCI synchronous serial interfaces. Set the transmit delay on the HSSI or MIP. Command transmitter-delay microseconds transmitter-delay hdlc-ags
Congure DTR Signal Pulsing
You can congure pulsing DTR signals on all serial interfaces. When the serial line protocol goes down (for example, because of loss of synchronization) the interface hardware is reset and the DTR signal is held inactive for at least the specied interval. This function is useful for handling encrypting or other similar devices that use the toggling of the DTR signal to resynchronize. To congure DTR signal pulsing, perform the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Congure DTR signal pulsing. Command pulse-time seconds
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Ignore DCD and Monitor DSR as Line Up/Down Indicator
Ignore DCD and Monitor DSR as Line Up/Down Indicator
This task applies to Quad Serial NIM interfaces on the Cisco 4000 series and Hitachi-based serial interfaces on the Cisco 2500 series and Cisco 3000 series. By default, when the serial interface is operating in DTE mode, it monitors the Data Carrier Detect (DCD) signal as the line up/down indicator. By default, the attached DCE device sends the DCD signal. When the DTE interface detects the DCD signal, it changes the state of the interface to up. In some congurations, such as an SDLC multidrop environment, the DCE device sends the Data Set Ready (DSR) signal instead of the DCD signal, which prevents the interface from coming up. To tell the interface to monitor the DSR signal instead of the DCD signal as the line up/down indicator, perform the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Congure the serial interface to monitor the DSR signal as the line up/down indicator. Command ignore-dcd
Congure the Clock Rate for an DCE Mode Interface
You can congure the clock rate for the connector hardware of the serial interface to an acceptable bit rate. To do so, perform the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Congure the clock rate on serial interfaces. Command clock rate bps
Specify the Timing Signal Conguration
On Cisco 4000 series routers, you can specify the serial NPM timing signal conguration. When the board is operating as a DCE and the DTE provides terminal timing (SCTE or TT), you can congure the DCE to use SCTE from the DTE. When running the line at high speeds and long distances, this strategy prevents phase shifting of the data with respect to the clock. To congure the DCE to use SCTE from the DTE, perform the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Congure the DCE to use SCTE from the DTE. Command dce-terminal-timing enable
When the board is operating as a DTE, you can invert the TXC clock signal it gets from the DCE that the DTE uses to transmit data. Invert the clock signal if the DCE cannot receive SCTE from the DTE, the data is running at high speeds, and the transmission line is long. Again, this prevents phase shifting of the data with respect to the clock. To congure the interface so that the router inverts the TXC clock signal, perform the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Specify timing conguration to invert TXC clock signal. Command dte-invert-txc
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Specify G.703 Interface Options
Specify G.703 Interface Options
This section describes the optional tasks for conguring a G.703 serial interface:
Enable Framed Mode Enable CRC4 Generation Use Time Slot 16 for Data Specify a Clock
Interfaces that meet the G.703 electrical and mechanical specications operate at E1 data rates (2.048 Mbps).
Enable Framed Mode
G.703 interfaces have two modes of operation: framed and unframed. By default, serial interfaces on a G.703 port adapter are congured for unframed mode. To enable framed mode, perform the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Enable framed mode. Command timeslot start-slot - stop-slot
To restore the default, use the no form of this command or set the starting time slot to 0.
Enable CRC4 Generation
By default, the G.703 CRC4 is not generated. To enable generation of the G.703 CRC4, which is useful for checking data integrity while operating in framed mode, perform the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Enable CRC4 generation. Command crc4
Use Time Slot 16 for Data
By default, time slot 16 is used for signaling. It can also be used for data. To control the use of time slot 16 for data, perform the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Specify that time slot 16 is used for data. Command ts16
Specify a Clock
A G.703 interface can clock its transmitted data from either its internal clock or from a clock recovered from the lines receive data stream. By default, the clock source is the lines receive data stream. To control which clock is used, perform the following task in interface conguration mode:
Task Specify the clock used for transmitted data. Command clock source {line | internal}
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Synchronous Serial Interface Configuration Examples
Synchronous Serial Interface Conguration Examples
This section contains the following examples:
Beginning the Interface Conguration Examples Conguring a Serial Interface for DCE Mode Examples G.703 Serial Interface Conguration Example JT2 6.3-MHz Serial Interface Conguration Example Signal Inversion Examples Channelized T1 Controller and Interface Examples Channelized E1 Controller Example Interface Shutdown Examples
For more information about synchronous serial interfaces congured on channelized E1/T1 and used for dialing, see the Conguring Channelized E1 and Channelized T1 chapter of this manual.
Beginning the Interface Conguration Examples
The following example illustrates how to begin interface conguration on a serial interface. It assigns Point-to-Point (PPP) encapsulation to serial interface 0.
interface serial 0 encapsulation ppp
The same example on a Cisco 7500 requires the following commands:
interface serial 1/0 encapsulation ppp
Conguring a Serial Interface for DCE Mode Examples
The following example congures a serial interface for DCE mode on a Cisco 7500 series. Because the DTE does not return the Synchronous Clock Transmit Enable (SCTE) signal, the transmit-clock-internal is needed.
interface serial 0/0 ip address 170.1.8.2 255.255.255.0 clockrate 72000 transmit-clock-internal
The following example congures a serial interface for DCE mode on a Cisco 4000 series router. Because the DTE does not return the Synchronous Clock Transmit Enable (SCTE) signal, the dce-terminal-timing-enable is needed. In this example, the default NRZ encoding and 16-bit CRC are accepted.
interface serial 1 clockrate 72000 dce-terminal-timing-enable nrz-encoding
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Synchronous Serial Interface Configuration Examples
G.703 Serial Interface Conguration Example
The following example shows a basic conguration for serial interface 9/1/3 on a E1-G.703/G.704 serial port adapter in a Cisco 7500 series router. In this example, the interface is congured for framed (G.704) operation, and timeslot 16 is used for data.
interface serial 9/1/3 ip address 1.1.1.10 255.255.255.0 no keepalive no fair-queue timeslot 1-31 crc4 ts16
JT2 6.3-MHz Serial Interface Conguration Example
The following example shows a conguration for serial interface 1/0/0 on a PA-2JT2 serial port adapter in a Cisco 7500 series router. In this example, the interface is congured to clock data using an internal clock source rather than the default line-derived clock source and to allow the frame alignment search criteria to use CRC5.
interface serial 1/0/0 ip address 1.1.1.10 255.255.255.0 clock source internal crc bits 5 no shutdown
Signal Inversion Examples
The following example inverts data on serial interface 3/1/0:
interface serial 3/1/0 invert data
The following example inverts the clock signal on serial interface 3/0:
interface serial 3/0 invert txclock
The following example, species NRZI mark encoding for serial interface 4/0/2:
interface serial 4/0/2 nrzi-encoding mark
Channelized E1 Controller Example
The following example congures a Cisco 7500 series router to acknowledge an E1 line. For an example of conguring circuits refer to the next section; circuits are congured in the same way, whether the line is E1 or T1.
controller e1 3/0 channel-group 0 timeslots 1 channel-group 8 timeslots 5-15, 20-30 channel-group 12 timeslots 2 channel-group 29 timeslots 31
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Synchronous Serial Interface Configuration Examples
Channelized T1 Controller and Interface Examples
The following example applies only to a Cisco 7500 series router. It congures the router to acknowledge a T1 line and its circuits. Four different circuits (and their corresponding serial interfaces) are dened for the second CxCT1 attached to the MIP in slot 4.
controller t1 4/1 framing esf linecode b8zs channel-group 0 timeslots 1 channel-group 8 timeslots 5,7,12-15, 20 speed 64 channel-group 12 timeslots 2 channel-group 23 timeslots 24
The following example congures circuit 0 for Point-to-Point (PPP) encapsulation:
interface serial 4/1:0 ip address 131.108.13.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp
The following example congures circuit 8 for IP routing and disables IP route cache:
interface serial 4/1:8 ip address 131.108.1.1 255.255.255.0 no ip route-cache
The following example congures circuit 12 for Frame Relay encapsulation and subinterface support:
interface serial 4/1:12 encapsulation frame-relay ! interface serial 4/1:12.1 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.0.0.0 ! interface serial 4/1:12.2 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.0.0.0
The following example congures circuit 23 for IP routing and enables autonomous switching:
interface serial 4/1:23 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.0.0.0 ip route-cache cbus
Interface Shutdown Examples
The following example shuts down a T1 circuit number 23 running on a Cisco 7500 series router:
interface serial 4/0:23 shutdown
The following example shuts down the entire T1 line physically connected to a Cisco 7500 series router:
controller t1 4/0 shutdown
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Synchronous Serial Interface Configuration Examples
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