Company
Address
City, State
Phone
other
JOB TITLE
Example 4 - ASCE7-02
JOB NO.
SHEET NO.
CALCULATED BY
DATE
CHECKED BY
DATE
www.struware.com
STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS
FOR
Example 4 - 157' Building, on escarpment
Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE7-02
Company
JOB TITLE
Address
City, State
Phone
other
JOB NO.
Example 4 - ASCE7-02
SHEET NO.
CALCULATED BY
DATE
CHECKED BY
DATE
www.struware.com
Code Search
I.
Code:
II.
Occupancy:
ASCE 7 - 02
Occupancy Group =
III.
Business
Type of Construction:
Fire Rating:
Roof =
Floor =
IV.
0.0 hr
0.0 hr
Live Loads:
Roof angle ()
0.00 / 12
0.0 deg
Roof
0 to 200 sf: 20 psf
200 to 600 sf: 24 - 0.02Area, but not less than 12 psf
over 600 sf: 12 psf
Floor
Stairs & Exitways
Balcony
Mechanical
Partitions
V.
Wind Loads :
50 psf
100 psf
100 psf
N/A
20 psf
ASCE 7 - 02
Importance Factor
Basic Wind speed
Directionality (Kd)
Mean Roof Ht (h)
Parapet ht above grd
Exposure Category
Enclosure Classif.
Internal pressure
Building length (L)
Least width
(B)
Kh case 1
Kh case 2
1.00
120 mph
0.85
157.0 ft
160.0 ft
B
Partially Enclosed
+/-0.55
200.0 ft
100.0 ft
1.124
1.124
Topographic Factor (Kzt)
Topography
2D Escarpment
Hill Height
(H)
80.0 ft
Half Hill Length (Lh)
100.0 ft
Actual H/Lh
=
0.80
Use H/Lh
=
0.50
Modified Lh
=
160.0 ft
From top of crest: x=
50.0 ft
Bldg up/down wind?
downwind
H/Lh= 0.50
K1 =
x/Lh = 0.31
K2 =
z/Lh = 0.98
K3 =
At Mean Roof Ht:
Kzt = (1+K1K2K3)^2 =
0.375
0.922
0.086
1.060
Company
JOB TITLE
Address
City, State
Phone
other
V.
Example 4 - ASCE7-02
JOB NO.
SHEET NO.
CALCULATED BY
DATE
CHECKED BY
DATE
Wind Loads - cont.:
Gust Effect Factor
h=
use this h :
B=
Calculated /z =
Use this /z :
Flexible structure if natural frequency < 1 Hz (T > 1 second).
However, rule of thumb is if h/B < 4 then rigid structure.
h/B = 1.57
Therefore, probably rigid structure
157.0 ft
157.0 ft
100.0 ft
94.2 ft
94.2 ft
G=
Rigid Structure
/ =
0.33
l=
320 ft
zmin =
30 ft
c=
0.30
gQ, gv =
3.4
Lz = 453.9 ft
Q=
0.83
Iz =
0.25
G=
0.83
0.83
Use rigid structure formula
Flexible or Dynamically Sensitive Structure
Natural Frequency (n1) =
0.0 Hz
Damping ratio () =
0
/b =
0.45
/ =
0.25
Vz =
102.9
N1 =
0.00
Rn =
0.000
=
Rh =
28.282
0.000
=
RB =
28.282
0.000
=
RL =
28.282
0.000
gR =
0.000
R =
0.000
G =
0.000
h = 157.0 ft
Enclosure Classification
Test for Enclosed Building: A building that does not qualify as open or partially enclosed.
Test for Open Building:
All walls are at least 80% open.
Ao 0.8Ag
Test for Partially Enclosed Building:
Input
Ao
0.0 sf
Ag
0.0 sf
Aoi
0.0 sf
Agi
0.0 sf
Ao 1.1Aoi
Ao > 4' / 0.01Ag
Aoi / Agi 0.20
Test
YES
NO
NO
Building is NOT Partially Enclosed.
Conditions to qualify as Partially Enclosed Building. Must satisfy all of the following:
Ao >= 1.1Aoi
Ao > smaller of 4' or 0.01 Ag
Aoi / Agi <= 0.20
Where:
Ao = the total area of openings in a wall that receives positive external pressure.
Ag = the gross area of that wall in which Ao is identified.
Aoi = the sum of the areas of openings in the building envelope (walls and roof) not including Ao.
Agi = the sum of the gross surface areas of the building envelope (walls and roof) not including Ag.
Reduction Factor for large volume partially enclosed buildings (Ri):
If the partially enclosed building contains a single room that is unpartitioned , the internal
pressure coefficient may be multiplied by the reduction factor Ri.
Total area of all wall & roof openings (Aog):
Unpartitioned internal volume (Vi) :
Ri =
0 sf
0 cf
1.00
Altitude adjustment to constant 0.00256 :
Altitude =
Constant =
0 feet
0.00256
Average Air Density =
0.0765 lbm/ft3
Company
JOB TITLE
Address
City, State
Phone
other
V.
Example 4 - ASCE7-02
JOB NO.
DATE
CHECKED BY
DATE
Wind Loads - MWFRS all h (Enclosed/partially enclosed only)
Kh (case 2) =
1.12
h=
157.0 ft
Base pressure (qh) =
37.4 psf
ridge ht =
157.0 ft
Roof Angle =
0.0 deg
L=
200.0 ft
Roof tributary area - (h/2)*L: 15700 sf
B=
100.0 ft
(h/2)*B:
7850 sf
Surface Pressures (psf)
Surface
Windward Wall (WW)
Leeward Wall (LW)
Side Wall (SW)
Leeward Roof (LR)
Windward Roof: 0 to h/2*
> h/2*
GCpi =
G=
z for qi :
qi =
Wind Normal to Ridge (psf)
B/L = 0.50
h/L = 1.57
qhGCp
w/+qiGCpi w/-qhGCpi
Cp
0.80
24.9
see table below
-0.50
-15.6
-33.1
5.0
-0.70
-21.8
-39.3
-1.3
-1.04
-0.70
**
-32.4
-21.8
-49.9
-39.3
*Horizontal distance from windward edge
SHEET NO.
CALCULATED BY
-11.8
-1.3
Dist.*
+/-0.55
0.83
90.0 ft
31.9 psf for positive internal pressures
Wind Parallel to Ridge (psf)
L/B = 2.00
h/L = 0.79
qhGCp w/ +qiGCpi w/ -qhGCpi
Cp
0.80
-0.30
-0.70
0 to h/2*
h/2 to h*
h to 2h*
24.9
-9.3
-21.8
see table below
-26.9
11.2
-39.3
-1.3
Included in windward roof
-0.98
-30.5
-48.0
-0.79
-24.5
-42.0
-0.61
-19.1
-36.6
-10.0
-3.9
1.4
**Roof angle < 10 degrees. Therefore, leeward roof
is included in windward roof pressure zones.
For monoslope roofs, entire roof surface is either windward
or leeward surface.
Windward Wall Pressures at "z" (psf)
h=
z
0 to 15'
30.0 ft
50.0 ft
80.0 ft
120.0 ft
157.0 ft
Kz
0.57
0.70
0.81
0.93
1.04
1.12
Kzt
1.71
1.55
1.40
1.27
1.15
1.08
Windward Wall
qzGCp
w/+qiGCpi w/-qhGCpi
20.5 psf
22.6
23.8
24.5
25.0
25.4
3.0 psf
5.1
6.3
7.0
7.5
7.9
41.1 psf
43.2
44.3
45.1
45.6
45.9
NOTE:
See figure 6-9 of ASCE7 for the application of full and partial loading
of the above wind pressures. There are 4 different loading cases.
Parapet
z
160.0 ft
Kz
1.13
Windward parapet:
Leeward parapet:
Kzt
1.06
67.4 psf
-41.2 psf
qp (psf)
37.5
(GCpn = +1.8)
(GCpn = -1.1)
Combined WW + LW
Normal
Parallel
to Ridge
to Ridge
36.1 psf
38.2
39.4
40.1
40.6
41.0
29.9 psf
32.0
33.1
33.9
34.4
34.7
Company
JOB TITLE
Address
City, State
Phone
other
JOB NO.
V. Wind Loads - Components & Cladding : h > 60'
Kh (case 1) =
1.12
Base pressure (qh) =
37.4 psf
Roof Angle =
0.0 deg
h=
a=
GCpi =
qi =
Minimum parapet height at building perimeter =
Roof
Area
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Example 4 - ASCE7-02
10 sf
-1.40
-2.30
-2.30
SHEET NO.
CALCULATED BY
DATE
CHECKED BY
DATE
157.0 ft
10.0 ft
NOTE: If tributary area is greater than
+/-0.55
700sf, MWFRS pressure may be used.
31.9 psf for positive internal pressures
3.0 ft
GCp
Surface Pressure (psf)
100 sf
500 sf
10 sf
100 sf
500 sf
-1.11
-0.90
-70 psf
-59 psf
-51 psf
-1.89
-1.60
-103 psf
-88 psf
-77 psf
-1.89
-1.60
-103 psf
-88 psf
-77 psf
Zone 3 = zone 2, since parapet >= 3ft.
User input
50 sf
250 sf
-62 psf
-54 psf
-93 psf
-82 psf
-93 psf
-82 psf
Walls
GCp
Surface Pressure at "h"
User input
Area
20 sf
100 sf
500 sf
20 sf
100 sf
500 sf
28 sf
55 sf
Negative Zone 4
-0.90
-0.80
-0.70
-51.1 psf
-47.4 psf
-43.7 psf
-50.4 psf
-48.8 psf
Negative Zone 5
-1.80
-1.40
-1.00
-84.8 psf
-69.8 psf
-54.9 psf
-81.8 psf
-75.4 psf
Positive Zone 4 & 5
0.90
0.75
0.60
33.6 psf
28.0 psf
22.4 psf
53.1 psf
50.6 psf
NOTE: Negative zones 4 & 5 pressures apply to all heights. Positive pressures vary with height, see below.
Wall surface pressure at "z"
z
Kz
Kzt
0 to 15'
0.70
1.71
30.0 ft
0.70
1.55
50.0 ft
0.81
1.40
80.0 ft
0.93
1.27
120.0 ft
1.04
1.15
h= 157.0 ft
1.12
1.08
Parapet
z
160.0 ft
qz (psf)
37.5
33.9
35.7
36.8
37.5
38.1
Kz
Kzt
qp
1.13
1.06
37.5 psf
CASE A = pressure towards building
CASE B = pressure away from building
Positive zone 4 & 5 (psf)
20 sf
100 sf
500 sf
54.3
48.7
43.1
51.1
46.0
40.9
52.6
47.3
41.9
53.6
48.1
42.6
54.3
48.7
43.1
54.8
49.1
43.4
Solid Parapet Pressure
CASE A : Interior zone:
Corner zone:
CASE B : Interior zone:
Corner zone:
10 sf
119.9 psf
119.9 psf
-67.4 psf
-101.1 psf
100 sf
98.8 psf
98.8 psf
-58.1 psf
-80.5 psf
500 sf
82.4 psf
82.4 psf
-48.7 psf
-59.9 psf
