Installation Guide

PVC PIPE FOR HDD & OTHER

TRENCHLESS APPLICATIONS
M U N I C I P A L

S Y S T E M S

We Build Tough Products for Tough Environments

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

IPEX Fusible PVC Pipe for Trenchless Applications . . . . . .5

The Fusion Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

IPEX Fusible PVC Fusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Standards and Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Fusible Series Pressure Pipe Letter of Compliance . . . . . . . .8
Fusible Brute Pressure Pipe Letter of Compliance . . . . . . . .9
AWWA C900 & AWWA C905 Hydrostatic Proof Test for Pipe . .11

Pipe Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Pipe Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Weather Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Pipe String Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Rollers / Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Bead Removal . . . . . . . . . . .
Horizontal Directional Drilling
Pipe Bursting . . . . . . . . . . .
Slip Lining / Casing . . . . . . .
Direct Bury . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bridge Crossing . . . . . . . . . .
Insertion Pits . . . . . . . . . . .

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.21
.22
.22
.23
.23
.23
.24

Pipe Installation & Handling Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Terrabrute CR PVC Pipe for HDD & other Trenchless
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Pull Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Standards and Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Minimum Bending Radius - TerraBrute CR Pipe . . . . . . . .34
Joint Deflection Radius & Minimum Allowable Radius . . . .34
Maximum Allowable Pull Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

Joint Assembly Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Pull Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Cutting Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Restrainers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Service Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Tapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

Pressure Testing Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Basis for Hydrostatic Pressure Test . . . . . . . .
Preparations for the Hydrostatic Pressure Test
Determination of Test Pressure . . . . . . . . . . .
Steps of the Hydrostatic Pressure Test . . . . . .
Procedures for Gravity Sewer Testing . . . . . . .
Above Grade Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hydrostatic Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drill Stem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notes

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.49
.51
.53
.53
.55
.55
.56
.58

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 3

Introduction
This booklet will answer the needs of pipe installers looking for
general recommendations on how to install IPEX FUSIBLE PVC
and TERRABRUTE CR pressure pipes. Out-of-the-ordinary
conditions not covered here should be referred to the engineer
or field inspectors to provide on-site solutions. In such cases
IPEX's advice is always available. Our objective is to encourage
the use of methods that lead to a professional installation that
will ensure the maximum service life for the pipe.
The Engineer who designs the pipeline will determine how it is
to be installed. It is not our intention that the Guide should
assume that responsibility unless the Engineer so directs.
This booklet is an addition to our Pressure
Pipe Installation Guide and sets out the
preferred methods of installation based on
IPEX's experience and on a number of
published reports from other industry
sources. Users will find additional helpful
advice in "Recommended Practice for the
Installation of PVC Pressure Pipe", AWWA
C605, published by the American Water
Works Association.
Readers are
invited to order a copy of the
PVC Pipe Association
Handbook of PVC Pipe Design and Construction 5th
Edition" (Hardcover Published
December 2012). This
comprehensive reference
manual, with over 600 pages,
covers all aspects of design
and installation for PVC pipe
& fittings.
Visit www.uni-bell.org to order.

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 5

NOTES

IPEX FUSIBLE PVCTM PIPE FOR

TRENCHLESS APPLICATIONS
By combining the mechanical properties of PVC with a patented
butt fusion process, IPEX provides the only available method of
installing a continuous, monolithic, fully restrained PVC pipe
system. Capable of being used in a variety of trenchless or
conventional direct bury applications, Fusible PVCTM pipe
systems have been installed at numerous sites throughout the
United States, Canada and Mexico for both pressure and nonpressure installations in the water and sewer industries.
With PVCs proven long service life, Fusible BruteTM (CIOD) and
Fusible SeriesTM (IPS) pipes are available in sizes ranging from
100mm (4") to 750mm (30") with larger sizes in development.
The proprietary PVC patented fusion process as well as our
licensing and training program allow for the consistent, reliable
fusion of Fusible Brute and Fusible Series pipes to create
piping systems of unparalleled strength.

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 7

IPEX FUSIBLE PVC FUSION

The Fusion Process

Fusible Brute and Fusible Series PVC pipe have distinctive
properties allowing for full strength butt fusion joints. While
other thermoplastic materials have been fused routinely, the
patented fusion process incorporates a proprietary PVC
formulation and a unique combination of heat, pressure and
time, using slightly modified standard industry fusion machines.
All fusion times are comparable to other thermoplastic materials.
All joints are fully restrained. Testing performed in accordance
with ASTM D-638 methods, demonstrates that the tensile
strength of the fused joint equals the tensile strength of the pipe.

Fusible Brute and Fusible Series pipes can only be fused by an

approved IPEX Inc. licensee.
The list of current licensees is available through your local
IPEX sales office at 1-866-473-9462 or IPEX Fusible Quote
Request at www.ipexinc.com/ipexfusiblequotes.

General Notes:

All calculations are based on temperatures ranging from

4C to 35C

Applications

IPEX Fusible pipes can be installed using the following

different methods:

All calculations are based on minimum allowable bend

radius for pipe section

Specifications for other sizes and DRs are available upon

request.

HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING (HDD)

PIPE BURSTING

SLIP LINING

CASING

DIRECT BURY

BRIDGE CROSSING

This manual covers general installation recommendations as

well as application specific recommendations.

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS

Codes and standards applicable to the products with
description of the products covered.
Fusible Brute and Fusible Series pipes come in 12.2 m (40ft)
lengths; twice the length, and weight, of regular bell and spigot
PVC pipe; and must be handled accordingly.
Fusible Brute pipes are capped at the plant.

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 9

Extruded Pipe:
Extruded Fusible Series Pressure Pipe conforms to the following
standards:
ANSI/NSF 61 Drinking Water System Components Health
Effects
ASTM D1599 Standard Test Method for Short-Time Hydraulic
Failure Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing & Fittings
ASTM D2241 Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
(PVC) Pressure-Rated Pipe (SDR Series)
CSA B137.0 Definition, General requirements, and Methods
of Testing for Thermoplastic Pressure Piping

Fusible Series Pressure Pipe Letter of Compliance

Scope:
The letter of compliance covers IPEX Inc. requirements for
PVC Fusible Series Pressure Pipe made to IPS outside
diameters in a broad range of sizes and pressure capabilities.
These pipes meet or exceed performance standards set by the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the American
Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), CSA Group (CSA),
Bureau de normalisation du Qubec (BNQ) and NSF
International (NSF).
Fusible Series Pressure Pipe is available in the following
pressure ratings and nominal sizes;
Series 160 (SDR26) (160 psi) 4" thru 24" (100mm 600mm)
Series 200 (SDR21) (200 psi) 4" thru 24" (100mm 600mm)
Fusible Series Pressure Pipes are suitable for potable water
supply lines, transmission mains, sewage force mains, golf
course and other irrigation systems, oilfield salt water disposal,
stormwater disposal, well casings, industrial process piping and
other pressure applications.
Material:
PVC Poly(Vinyl Chloride) used in the manufacturing of Fusible
Series Pressure Pipe complies with ASTM D1784, Standard
Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds
and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds,
having a cell classification of 12454. The compound is listed
with NSF for potable water service.

CSA B137.3 Rigid Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe for Pressure

Applications
Marking:
Fusible Series Pressure Pipes are marked as prescribed in the
above applicable standards to indicate size of the pipe,
material designation, compliance to standard, and
manufacturers name or trademark.
Color Coding:
Fusible Series Pressure Pipe is color-coded white.

Fusible Brute Pressure Pipe Letter of Compliance

Scope:
The letter of compliance covers IPEX Inc. requirements for 4"
through 30" (100mm 750mm) PVC Fusible Brute Pressure Pipe
manufactured to cast iron outside diameters. These products
meet or exceed performance standards set by the American
National Standards Institute (ANSI), The American Society for
Testing and Materials (ASTM), the American Water Works
Association (AWWA), the Bureau de normalisation du Quebec
(BNQ), CSA Group (CSA) and NSF International (NSF).
Fusible Brute PVC Pressure Pipe is suitable for conveyance of
potable water in municipal distribution systems, sewer force
mains, industrial process lines, irrigation piping and other
pressure applications.
Material:
PVC Poly(Vinyl Chloride) used in the manufacturing of Fusible
Brute Pressure Pipe complies with ASTM D1784, Standard
Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds
and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds,
having a cell classification 12454. The material also has a

10 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 11

hydrostatic design basis of 4,000 psi (27.6 MPa). The

compound is listed with NSF for potable water service.

AWWA C900 and AWWA C905 Hydrostatic Proof

Test for Pipe

Extruded Pipe:
Extruded Fusible Brute PVC Pressure Pipe conforms to the
following standards:

A question that is often raised by engineers and owners concerns

the hydrostatic proof testing of Fusible BruteTM pipe at the plant.
Both AWWA C900 and C905 provide for the hydrostatic proof
testing of pipe to verify the integrity of both the pipe and the bell.
Each AWWA standard also allows for the modification of each
testing protocol per agreement with the purchaser.

ANSI/NSF-61 Drinking Water Systems Components Health

Effects
AWWA C900 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and
Fabricated Fittings 4" through 12" (100mm
300mm), for Water Distribution*
AWWA C905 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and
Fabricated Fittings 14" through 48" (350mm
1200mm) for Water Transmission & Distribution:*
BNQ NQ 3660-950 Safety of Products and Materials in
Contact with Drinking Water
CSA B137.3 Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe for
Pressure Applications
* In accordance with the AWWA standards IPEX, as the manufacturer, has
implemented a hydrostatic testing protocol that meets the proof test
requirement in each AWWA standard. Specifically, at the beginning and end of
each run/lot of the extruder, one length, either 6.1 metre or 3 metre, is tested.
Our distributors, as purchasers, have agreed to this testing frequency.

Fusible Brute Pressure Pipe is available with the following

nominal pressure ratings and nominal sizes;
PR305 (DR14)
PR235 (DR18)
PR165 (DR25)

(305 psi)
(235 psi)
(165 psi)

4" thru 12" (100mm 300mm)

4" thru 24" (100mm 600mm)
4" thru 30" (100mm 750mm)

AWWA C900-07 standard states:

5.1.12 Hydrostatic proof test for pipe. Each length of pipe shall
be proof tested in accordance with Sec. 4.3.3.3. (Hydrostatic
integrity. The pipe, including any integral bell end or affixed
coupling, shall not fail, balloon, burst, or weep when subjected to
an internal pressure equal to 2.0 times its designated pressure
class for a minimum dwell time of five seconds)
5.1.14 Optional test frequency. The purchaser or supplier may
allow the manufacturer to conduct hydrostatic proof tests for
pipes at frequencies other than required in Sec. 5.1.12. Each
purchaser in the distribution chain shall be notified if this
option is used.
AWWA C905-97 standard states:
5.1.8 Hydrostatic proof test for pipe. Each standard and random
length of pipe shall be proof tested in accordance with Sec.
4.3.3.1 (Hydrostatic integrity. The pipe, including any integral
bell end or affixed coupling, shall not fail, balloon, burst, or weep
when subjected to an internal pressure equal to 2.0 times its
pressure class for a minimum dwell time of five seconds)

Capped Pipe:
Fusible Brute Pressure Pipe lengths are fitted with sealed end
caps at IPEXs production facility to ensure maximum
cleanliness of the pipes.

5.1.9 Additional test requirements. The purchaser or supplier

may allow the manufacturer to conduct hydrostatic proof tests for
pipes at frequencies other than those required in Sec. 5.1.8.

Markings:
Fusible Brute Pressure Pipes are marked as prescribed in the
above applicable standards to indicate size of pipe, material
designation, compliance to standard, and manufacturers name
or trademark.

IPEX Protocols:
IPEX, as the manufacturer, has implemented a hydrostatic testing
protocol that meets the proof test requirement in each AWWA
standard. Specifically, at the beginning and end of each run/lot of
the extruder, a representative length of pipe is tested. Our
distributors, as purchasers, have agreed to this testing frequency.

Color Coding:
Fusible Brute Pressure Pipe is color-coded blue.

Note that as per both AWWA standards, a pipe burst strength

(3.2 times the pressure class) test is performed at the required
frequency.

12 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 13

90 bend

IPEX PIPE DATA FUSIBLE BRUTE

pipe

O.D. TYPE CIOD

Bend radius
degrees per length

Nominal
Size
(mm)

Nominal
Size
(in)

DR

Avg. O.D.
(mm)

Min. Wall
(mm)

Critical
Min.
Avg. I.D. Safe Pulling Pressure
Buckling Allowable
(mm)
Force (lbf) Rating (psi) Pressure
Bend
(psi)
Radius (m)

100

DR 14

121.90

8.71

103.49

13,877

305

426

30.5

150

DR 14

175.30

12.52

148.78

28,736

305

426

43.9

200

DR 14

229.90

16.41

195.10

46,720

305

426

57.6

250

10

DR 14

281.90

20.14

239.26

71,499

305

426

70.4

300

12

DR 14

335.30

23.95

284.55

101,846

305

426

83.8

100

DR 18

121.90

6.78

107.53

10,984

235

190

30.5

150

DR 18

175.30

9.73

154.67

22,514

235

190

43.9

200

DR 18

229.90

12.80

202.90

38,492

235

190

57.6

250

10

DR 18

281.90

15.70

248.70

58,073

235

190

70.4

300

12

DR 18

335.30

18.62

295.82

81,924

235

190

83.8

350

14

DR 18

388.60

21.60

342.82

108,166

235

190

97.2

400

16

DR 18

442.00

24.60

389.90

139,838

235

190

110.6

450

18

DR 18

495.30

27.51

436.99

175,535

235

190

123.7

500

20

DR 18

548.60

30.50

484.00

215,617

235

190

137.2

600

24

DR 18

655.30

36.40

578.13

307,392

235

190

164.0

100

DR 25

121.90

4.88

111.58

7,982

165

67

30.5

150

DR 25

175.30

7.01

160.47

15,518

165

67

43.9

200

DR 25

229.90

9.20

210.42

26,616

165

67

57.6

250

10

DR 25

281.90

11.30

258.00

40,438

165

67

70.4

300

12

DR 25

335.30

13.41

306.89

57,247

165

67

83.8

350

14

DR 25

388.60

15.60

355.61

77,491

165

67

97.2

400

16

DR 25

442.00

17.70

404.50

99,719

165

67

110.6

450

18

DR 25

495.30

19.81

453.29

125,284

165

67

123.7

500

20

DR 25

548.60

22.00

502.01

153,768

165

67

137.2

600

24

DR 25

655.30

26.21

599.73

218,545

165

67

164.0

14 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 15

90 bend

IPEX PIPE DATA FUSIBLE SERIES

pipe

O.D. TYPE IPS

Bend radius
degrees per length

Nominal
Size
(mm)

Nominal
Size
(in)

DR

Avg. O.D.
(mm)

Min. Wall
(mm)

Critical
Min.
Avg. I.D. Safe Pulling Pressure
Buckling Allowable
(mm)
Force (lbf) Rating (psi) Pressure
Bend
(psi)
Radius (m)

100

SDR 21

114.30

5.44

102.77

7,783

200

117

28.6

150

SDR 21

168.28

8.03

151.26

16,931

200

117

42.0

200

SDR 21

219.05

10.41

196.98

28,612

200

117

54.7

250

10

SDR 21

273.05

13.00

245.50

44,887

200

117

68.2

300

12

SDR 21

323.87

15.40

291.21

63,280

200

117

80.9

350

14

SDR 21

355.60

16.92

319.74

76,343

200

117

88.8

400

16

SDR 21

406.40

19.40

365.30

99,895

200

117

101.5

450

18

SDR 21

457.20

21.80

411.00

126,646

200

117

114.2

500

20

SDR 21

508.00

24.20

456.70

155,897

200

117

126.9

600

24

SDR 21

609.60

29.03

548.07

223,407

200

117

152.3

100

SDR 26

114.30

4.39

105.00

6,255

160

60

28.6

150

SDR 26

168.28

6.48

154.54

13,694

160

60

42.0

200

SDR 26

219.05

8.43

201.18

23,166

160

60

54.7

250

10

SDR 26

273.05

10.50

250.78

36,328

160

60

68.2

300

12

SDR 26

323.87

12.45

297.52

51,146

160

60

80.9

350

14

SDR 26

355.60

13.70

326.60

62,091

160

60

88.8

400

16

SDR 26

406.40

15.62

373.28

80,612

160

60

101.5

450

18

SDR 26

457.20

17.60

419.90

102,675

160

60

114.2

500

20

SDR 26

508.00

19.60

466.50

126,725

160

60

126.9

600

24

SDR 26

609.60

23.50

559.80

181,538

160

60

152.3

Notes:
1 PVC dimensions (minimum wall thickness and outside
diameter) are per the IPEX Municipal Technical Manual - Vol 1.
2 PVC safe pull stress of 7,000 PSI is based on the published
value of 7,000-8,000 PSI for short term tensile strength and a
safety factor of 2.5 [Unibell Handbook of PVC].
3 PVC safe pull forces are based on minimum wall thickness and
the safe pull stresses as calculated per Note 2.

4 Pressure Ratings are per AWWA C900, AWWA C905 at 73F.

5 Critical Buckling Pressures are calculated using a Long Term
Modulus of Elasticity (400,000 PSI for PVC), and published
Poisson's Ratio [PVC Pipe Association Handbook of PVC]. No safety
factor is included in the calculation for Critical Buckling Pressures.
6 Bend Radius calculations are based on the assumption that a
fitting or flange is present/to be installed in the bend. The
Bend Radius for PVC includes a safety factor of 2.5 [PVC Pipe
Association Handbook of PVC].

16 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 17

PIPE HANDLING
1) Inspect Shipment

3) Moving and Unloading Pipe

Be sure to check:

Straps: For pipe lengths

greater than 12.2 m (40ft),
as well as individual pipe
lengths 12.2 m (40ft) and
greater.

Size (diameter)
Thickness (DR Rating)
Color
Length

Maximum
Spread

Pipe banded
together and palletized

Quantity
Fully supported
chisel forks

Inspect the pipe shipment prior to unloading for proper pipe

size, type and color. Check for pipe damage or any other
inconsistencies with the pipe load.

Fork Lifts: Pipe palletized in

bundles, less than or equal to
40 feet in length.

Machine rated for weight

WARNING Pipe and pipe bundles may be extremely heavy and

possibly unstable. Use caution in handling, loading, unloading
and moving. Assure proper handling equipment is used and
secured before attempting to move pipe or pipe bundles.

2) Lifting Mechanisms

4) Storage

No Wire Ropes!

No Chains!
Nylon
Straps OK

Chisel Forks OK

WARNING Pipe and pipe

bundles may be
extremely heavy and
possibly unstable. Use
caution in handling,
loading, unloading and
moving. Assure proper
handling equipment is
used and secured before
attempting to move pipe
or pipe bundles.

If pipe is to be stored more

than one year in direct
sunlight, use opaque cover
and allow air circulation
around pipe to dissipate
heat build-up.
Storage
Pipe Diameter Maximum # of
(in)
Rows Stacked
8 or less
5
10 to 21

24 to 30

Support

Support

18 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 19

Weather Conditions

Field Bend Offset (5m 25m)

PVC Fusion can be performed year round; so long as the proper

precautions are taken:

Perform fusion inside a shelter to protect the joints from the

elements; wind, rain, snow, dust, etc

Freezing conditions (below 4C): heated shelter for the

fusion equipment and the pipe must be kept at a
temperature above 4C prior to and during the fusion
process.

Nominal Nominal
Size
Size
(mm)
(in)

Field Bend Offset L (m)

5m

10m

15m

20m

25m

100

0.40

1.65

3.75

6.80

10.85

150

0.25

1.10

2.55

4.60

7.30

200

0.20

0.85

1.95

3.50

5.50

250

10

0.15

0.70

1.60

2.85

4.45

300

12

0.15

0.60

1.35

2.40

3.75

350

14

0.10

0.50

1.15

2.00

3.20

400

16

0.10

0.45

1.00

1.80

2.80

450

18

0.10

0.40

0.90

1.60

2.50

500

20

0.05

0.35

0.80

1.45

2.25

600

24

0.05

0.30

0.65

1.20

1.90

Field Bend Offset (30m 50m)

Pipe String Layout

The pipe string should be fused to the length required by
the installation and as close as possible to where it will
be installed.
Should deflections or bends be necessary in order to meet
the requirement of a specific installation or limitations of
the work space; the bend radius (refer to the Fusible
PVC bend radius) or offset must not exceed these
values:

L
Y

Nominal Nominal
Size
Size
(mm)
(in)

Field Bend Offset L (m)

30m

35m

40m

45m

50m

100

16.00

22.60

3.80

40.90

23.60

150

10.60

14.70

19.60

25.30

32.00

200

7.95

10.95

14.45

18.50

23.15

250

10

6.45

8.85

11.65

14.85

18.50

300

12

5.40

7.40

9.70

12.35

15.35

350

14

4.65

6.35

8.35

10.60

13.15

400

16

4.00

5.55

7.30

9.25

11.45

450

18

3.65

4.95

6.50

8.25

10.20

500

20

3.25

4.45

5.85

7.45

9.20

600

24

2.75

3.75

4.90

6.20

7.65

20 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

INSTALLATION

Rollers / Supports
We recommend the use of properly sized rollers to support the
pipe and help maintain the proper bend radius on the surface.
The use of rollers also reduces the effect of drag force on the
pull back and reduces the risks of possible damage when
dragging the pipe over hard surfaces.
This table shows the maximum length between rollers when the
pipe is empty:
LMAX = Max. Length b/w Supports
FUSIBLE BRUTETM

Pipe Roller Assembly

Nominal
Size
(mm)

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 21

Nominal
Size
(in)

Maximum Length Between

Supports, Empty Pipe - LMAX

100

(metres)
4.0

150

5.0

200

6.0

250

10

6.5

300

12

7.5

350

14

8.0

400

16

9.0

450

18

9.5

500

20

10.0

600

24

11.0

Bead Removal 14" and Up

For the outer bead, a router with a jig can be used to remove
the bead right after the joint has cooled. The internal bead
requires the use of a specialised tool and is not required in
most installations. Leave at least 1/8" of the bead.

22 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 23

Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD)

Slip Lining and Casing Installations

Estimated pull forces must not exceed the Safe Allowable

Pulling Force of the pipe; there are different tools and software
available that can help determine the estimated pull force.

A minimum annular space of 2" (50mm) must be left between

the existing and the new pipe for these installations. The use
of casing spacers and grout is left to the discretion of the
designing Engineer. See our Pressure Pipe Installation Guide
for more details.

Ballasting the pipe will reduce drag forces in the bore hole and
reduce the overall pull force required to install the pipe. Flow
rate must be monitored to insure that the ballast water level
inside the pipe is about the same as the drilling fluid level
outside the pipe.

IPEX FusibleTM Pipe

Length of Bend

Depth
of Bend

Insertion
Angle

RB

Pipe Pull Head

Swivel
Drill Stem

Direct Bury
The string of pipe must be properly supported while lowered in
the trench to prevent over bending.
1.

Determine S curve length from installation offset and your

IPEX Fusible product.

2.

Use machines at beginning, middle and end of S curve to

lift and place pipe.

3.

Or install by utilizing a sloped insertion trench and by

pulling pipe into place (See #2 illustration above).

Bedding or
3rd machine
placement

machine
spacing

machine
spacing

Ballasting
Fire Hydrant
Fill Line

Flow Meter

Fusible BruteTM Pipe

Water

Pipe Roller
Supports

Equipment
pick points

Bridge Crossing
RB

Pipe Pull Head

Swivel
Drill Stem

Pipe Bursting
A static burst head or cutter is required for pipe bursting
installations.

Please contact your IPEX Sales Representative when installing

for bridge crossings.

24 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 25

Insertion Pits

Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Insertion

Insertion pits must be prepared in order to accommodate the

minimum allowable bend radius of the pipe. A slide rule and
smart phone application is available through IPEX in order to
determine the dimensions of the pit based on the type of
installation, pipe size, slope and depth.

1.

Determine insertion angle in degrees.

2.

Determine length and depth factors from table, based on

insertion angle.

3.

Consult IPEX literature, website, or representative for the

allowable bend radius (Rb) to determine the required length
of bend, and depth of insertion for your IPEX Fusible
product.

4.

Multiply the respective factor times the allowable bend

radius (Rb) to determine the required length of bend and
depth of insertion for your IPEX Fusible product.

The pipe can also be installed on supports or rollers ,where

there is not enough space to excavate the proper pit length, in
order to get the proper bend radius.
S Curve - Slip Line or Pipe Burst Insertion

Existing
Pipe

IPEX
FusibleTM Pipe

Existing
Ground

IPEX FusibleTM Pipe

Length of Bend

Depth
of Bend

Required
length for
ramping

Required
length of existing
pipe removal for
insertion

Existing pipe
to be sliplined
or burst

Contact your IPEX representative to:

Determine S curve length from depth of host pipe and size

of Fusible BruteTM and Fusible SeriesTM pipe.

Determine required length of pipe removal, pit and tail ditch

from S curve dimension.

Insertion
Angle

RB

Pipe Pull Head

Swivel
Drill Stem

Curve Length and Depth Factor from Insertion Angle

Insertion Angle ()

Length Factor

Depth Factor

0.280

0.022

0.276

0.039

10

0.342

0.060

12

0.407

0.086

14

0.469

0.117

16

0.530

0.152

26 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

PIPE INSTALLATION & HANDLING GUIDE

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 27

(DIPS / CIOD)

Fusible BruteTM Pipe

PULLING FROM SURFACE

PL

250
EXIT ANGLE OF HDD -

EXIT SLOPE OF HDD

2 Degrees

3.5

3.5 Percent

4 Degrees

5.5

7 Percent

6 Degrees

11 Percent

7 Degrees

9.5

12 Percent

8 Degrees

10.5 1.5
12

1.5

16 Percent

10 Degrees

13

18 Percent

RB

Pipe Pull Head

Swivel
Drill Stem

29 Percent

LEGEND:
RB = Minimum Allowable Bend Radius
PL = Pit Length
PD = Pit Depth
= Pipe Insertion/Drill Exit Angle

PIT DEPTH - PD

NOTE: Interpolate for distances of odd angle insertions

12 Degrees

15.5 2.5

21 Percent

14 Degrees

17.5 2.5

25 Percent

20

Pipe Insertion /
Drill Exit Angle ()

12 Percent

9 Degrees

16 Degrees

PD

3.5

PIT LENGTH - PL

(metres)

(metres)

PULLING FROM SURFACE

Nominal Pipe Size
100
PL

150

PD

PL

200

PD

PL

300

250

PD

PL

PD

PL

350

PD

PL

400

PD

PL

450

PD

PL

500

PD

PL

600

PD

PL

750

PD

PL

900

PD

PL

PD

2.5

2.5

3.5

3.5

4.5

5.5

6.5

2.5

5.5

6.5

7.5

8.5

9.5

10.5

12

15

17.5

11

12

26

5.5

6.5

9.5

4.5

9.5

11

5.5

7.5

9.5

1.5

12

1.5

14

8.5

1.5 10.5 1.5

13

15

1.5

9.5

12.5

15.5 2.5

18

2.5

21

2.5

23.5

26.5 3.5

29

1.5

11

14.5 2.5 17.5 2.5

21

3.5 24.5 3.5

27.5

30.5 4.5

34

31.5

34.5 5.5 38.5

12.5 2.5 16.5

2
3

1.5 12.5 1.5

10.5 1.5 12.5 1.5 14.5

20

3.5 23.5

15

1.5

18

1.5

22

16

17.5

20.5

25.5

18

20

23.5 2.5

22

14.5 1.5

13.5 1.5

16

16

18

20

17.5

20

2.5

22

27.5 4.5

29

30.5 2.5

2.5 34.5

2.5 26.5 2.5 32.5 3.5 38.5 3.5

2.5 24.5 2.5

29

3.5 34.5
5
6

3.5
4

40.5 5.5
46

36
43
50

43

51

6.5 59.5

4.5
6
8

56.5 8.5 67.5 10

PIPE INSTALLATION & HANDLING GUIDE

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 29

(DIPS / CIOD)

Fusible BruteTM Pipe

PULLING TO DEPTH

RB

Tail Ditch Length (TDL)

250

Pit Length (PL)

HOST PIPE INVERT - D

304.8 mm

Grade
Fusible Brute
Centreline

304.8 mm

HOST PIPE INVERT - D

1.2 Metres

12.5

1.2 Metres

1.5 Metres

14.5

1.5 Metres

1.8 Metres

16.5

1.8 Metres

2.1 Metres

18

2.1 Metres

2.5 Metres

20.5

2.5 Metres

2.8 Metres

22

2.8 Metres

3.1 Metres

23.5

3.1 Metres

3.4 Metres

24.5

3.4 Metres

3.7 Metres

26

3.7 Metres

4.0 Metres

27.5

4.0 Metres

RB

NOTE: Lengths may shorten due to slipline operations in

a larger diameter host pipe. Contact your IPEX rep. for
details.

(metres)

(metres)

Host Pipe (Typ.)

LEGEND:
RB = Minimum Allowable Bend Radius
PL = Pit Length
TDL = Tail Ditch Length
D = Host Pipe Invert

PIT DEPTH - PL

TAIL DITCH LENGTH - TDL

Host Pipe
Invert (D)

28 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

NOTE: For pipe bursting installation, use the same

numbers and add the tooling length, supplied by the
tooling manufacturer, to the pit length PL dimension.

PULLING TO DEPTH
Nominal Pipe Size
100

150

200

300

250

350

400

TDL

PL

TDL

PL

TDL

PL

TDL

PL

TDL

9.5

3.5

11

11.5

12.5

13

8.5

13

9.5

13.5 10.5 13.5 12 13.5 13 13.5 15.5 13.5 19 12.5 22.5

11

3.5 12.5

13.5

14.5

15

8.5 15.5 9.5

12

3.5

15.5

16.5

17

8.5

18

9.5

17

18

19

8.5

20

9.5

21 10.5 21.5 12

22

13 22.5 15.5 23.5 19 23.5 22.5

19

20.5

21.5 8.5 22.5 9.5

23.5 10.5 24.5 12

25

13

16

17

3.5 18.5

20.5

22

23

8.5 24.5 9.5

16.5 3.5 19.5

21.5

23.5

25

8.5

17.5 3.5 20.5

23

24.5

18.5 3.5 21.5

24

26

28

8.5 29.5 9.5

25

27.5

29

8.5

19

3.5 22.5

PL

16 10.5 16.5 12 16.5 13

18.5 10.5 19

12 19.5 13

PL

TDL

17 15.5 17

PL

TDL

PL

19 16.5 22.5

20 15.5 20.5 19 20.5 22.5

26 15.5 27

19 27.5 22.5

27

13 28.5 15.5 29.5 19 30.5 22.5

9.5

27 10.5 28

12

29

13 30.5 15.5 32

26.5 8.5 27.5 9.5

29 10.5 30

12

31

13 32.5 15.5 34.5 19

30.5 10.5 32

12

33

13 34.5 15.5 37

19 38.5 22.5

32 10.5 33.5 12 34.5 13 36.5 15.5 39

19 40.5 22.5

26

31

9.5

25.5 10.5 26.5 12

TDL

900

PL

3.5

TDL

750

TDL

15

PL

600

PL

13.5 3.5 15.5

TDL

500

TDL

14

PL

450

19 33.5 22.5
36 22.5

30 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 31

NOTES

TERRABRUTE CR PVC PIPE FOR HDD &

OTHER TRENCHLESS APPLICATIONS
Engineered for Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) and other
trenchless applications, TerraBrute CR is a 100% non-metallic,
AWWA C900 PVC pressure pipe system. Non-corroding and
installation friendly, TerraBrute CR allows you to standardize on
PVC throughout your potable water and sewer infrastructure.
Whether youre using open-cut or trenchless methods, there are
no more problems matching materials and couplings. No more
surprises.

32 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 33

STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS

Pull Strength
Developed in consultation with leading trenchless technology
research experts, and rigorously tested in the field, TerraBrute
CR trenchless PVC pressure pipe easily withstands the high
tensile and bending forces that occur during HDD and other
types of trenchless installation.
TerraBrute CRs patented non-metallic "ring-and-pin" gasketed
joint design outperforms all other restrained PVC pipe joints on
the market, providing more than twice the pull strength of other
HDD systems up to 120,000 lbs. (Ultimate) for 300mm / 12"
pipe. Unlike competing square-shoulder designs, TerraBrute CRs
rounded bell shoulders slide by roots, rocks and other debris that
can protrude into the borehole. And unlike HDPE, TerraBrute CR
requires no relaxation time before installation of fittings or
services.
TerraBrute CR is an integral bell restrained joint PVC pipe. It is
AWWA C900 pipe with slight modification that allows the joints to
be locked, and the pipe used for pulled in place applications
like horizontal directional drilling (HDD) or pipe bursting.

Codes and standards applicable to the products with

description of the products covered.
AWWA C900: TerraBrute CR is made with pipe conforming to
AWWA C900. However once the pipe is grooved on the spigot end
its dimensions do not match those published in the C900
standard. Because of this small dimensional difference the pipe,
once grooved, does not strictly conform to the C900 standard. It
is important to note however, that TerraBrute CR is subjected to
the same testing program as IPEXs Blue Brute (C900) pipe.
CSA B137.3: TerraBrute CR is certified to CSA B137.3,
NQ 3660-950
NSF
Factory Mutual, Underwriters Laboratories and BNQ:
TerraBrute CR is made from pipe that is Factory Mutual
FM1612 Approved, ULC/UL 1285 Listed and
BNQ NQ 3624-250 Certified.

TerraBrute CRs patented locking system allows pipe to be

assembled one length at a time, thus minimizing disturbance to
the surrounding area and making TerraBrute CR the ideal choice
for HDD projects located in tight areas.

DIMENSIONS
Applications
TerraBrute pipes can be installed for the following:

HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING (HDD)

PIPE BURSTING

BRIDGE CROSSINGS

SEISMIC ZONES

CASING

STEEP SLOPES

This manual covers general installation recommendations as

well as application specific recommendations.

When planning an HDD or pipe bursting project with TerraBrute

CR, it must be remembered that it is a gasketed cast iron outside
diameter (CIOD) pipe. This means that it will have a larger
outside diameter than an IPSOD HDPE pipe of the same nominal
size. In addition, the bell is the largest diameter on the pipe and
must be accounted for when planning pre-ream operations.
Nominal
Diameter

Dimensions
Maximum
Pressure Rating
OD
(2:1 safety factor)
(Bell OD)

Average
ID

mm

in

psi

mm

in

mm

in

100

305

165

6.49

104

4.09

150

305

230

9.06

149

5.87

200

235

288

11.33

204

8.03

250

10

235

355

14.00

250

9.84

300

12

235

416

16.36

297

11.69

34 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 35

Maximum Allowable Bending - TerraBrute CR Pipe

JOINT ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS

Nominal Size

Allowable Pipe
Bending

Allowable Pipe
Joint Deflection

(Degrees)

(Degrees)

Total

mm

in

100

5.7

8.5

14.2

150

8.5

12.5

200

7.5

10.5

250

10

2.5

7.5

300

12

2.1

7.1

The TerraBrute CR locking mechanism has been designed for

easy installation. In fact, it is not much different than
assembling a standard C900 joint.

Joint Deflection Radius & Minimum Allowable Radius

Joint Deflection Radius *

Min. Allowable Radius **

ft

ft

40.4

132.7

24.2

79.4

40.4

132.7

27.5

90.2

45.8

150.3

32.7

107.4

68.8

225.5

45.8

150.3

68.8

225.5

48.4

158.8

* Bending radius with joint deflection only (no bending)

** Joint deflection and pipe bending

General Recommendations:
Pipe joints should be assembled using manual effort wherever
possible. However if mechanical assistance is required, a pipe
stop should be used to prevent over insertion. This can be
easily accomplished by installing a standard restrainer grip ring
or a clamp aligned with the insertion line on the spigot.
1

Locate the insertion line on the spigot end of each pipe. If

the line is missing, it can be marked as follows. (see chart
below)

Maximum Allowable Pull Force

Nominal Size

Allowable* Pulling Force

mm

in

kN

lbs

100
150

50

11200

110

24700

200

115

25800

250

10

187.5

42100

300

12

275

61800

*Using a 2:1 Safety Factor

Insertion Line

Pipe Size

Insertion Line Depth (L)

mm

in

mm

in

100

195

7.7

150

218

8.6

200

253

10.0

250

10

268

10.6

300

12

293

11.5

36 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

2

Lube the spigot and gasket as you normally would when

assembling a standard C900 joint.

Using a bar and block for smaller sizes (4"- 8") or

mechanical means for larger sizes, line up the two pipes in
a straight line and push the spigot into the bell. The pipe
should be pushed until the line marked on the spigot is
aligned with the end of the bell. Care must be taken not to
over-insert the pipe as the locking pins may not line up with
the inner groove.

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 37

4

Once the holes on the bell are aligned with the inner groove,
line up the pins on the external half ring with the holes in
the bell so that the half ring covers either the left or right
side of the pipe.

While this can be easily controlled when using manual effort,

it can be more difficult when using mechanical means such
as a backhoe. In these cases it is recommended that a pipe
stop be installed on the insertion line to prevent over
insertion. A standard restrainer ring that can be removed
after assembly will accomplish this.

CAUTION

SAFETY GLASSES
REQUIRED

**SAFETY GLASSES MUST BE WORN DURING PIN

INSTALLATION.

38 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

5

Using a 1 lb hammer, tap in the pins starting at the top of

the pipe working your way down. The pins should be tapped
until they bottom out on the inner groove or are flush with
the ring. A good technique to ensure proper alignment, is to
tap each pin on the ring 1/4 to 1/2 of the way in before
hammering in fully. If the pins will not go all the way in,
check to see if the rings, holes, and inner groove are
properly aligned on all sides.

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 39

ATTENTION
Ensure the inner groove is completely aligned with holes
before inserting pins. All pins must be bottomed out on
the inner groove after insertion.
When connecting to standard C900 pipe or fittings,
cut off grooved portion and chamfer pipe edges as
shown in the Installation Manual. DO NOT use the
TerraBrute CR insertion mark as a guide for insertion
into standard pipe or fittings it is designed for the
extended bell of TerraBrute CR.

Hole in Bell

Inner
Groove

Check to make sure all of the pins are fully inserted before
starting the next joint.

Insertion Line
Pin must be
bottomed out on groove

Inner
Groove

External
Ring

40 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

PULL HEAD

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 41

Installing the Pull Head

A proper pull head, designed to the specification of the pipe

and to achieve the maximum allowable pull force recommendation
is required. A conceptual design is available on demand.

1.

In HDD installations it is important for the pull head to be

water tight in order to prevent the drilling fluid from coming in
or the ballast water from seeping out.

CAUTION: Some pull heads are not designed to stop the

drilling mud or other liquids from entering the pipe. Seal
the end of the pipe using one of the following methods in
order of most preferable to least preferable:
a.

Insert a clean inflatable sewer plug into the end of the

pipe ensuring that the plug has been inserted deeper
than the deepest bolt holes. Inflate the plug until it
seals with the inside of the pipe and tie off the plug to
a cross bolt for easy retrieval. For extra sealing, follow
step b or c below. Go to step 2.

b.

If a clean sewer plug is not available, use a piece of

thick plastic (possibly a garbage bag) and Gorilla
Tape to seal the end of the pipe. The plastic or bag
should be slid onto the end of the pipe and taped to
the outer diameter of the pipe. Taping should then be
done as shown in the diagram to seal the pipe-end as
much as possible. Got to step 2.

c.

If Gorilla Tape is not available, a minimum of 10.5

ml duct tape can be used. However, duct tape is not
ideal for this application. Go to step 2.

Pulling Head Installation and Pipe End Sealing

Pull Head

Sealing Pipe End

Listed in order
of preference:
1) Install sewer plug
Attach tether from
plug to pull head

Through bolts with

smooth shank

Use pulling head to achieve

maximum allowable pull force
recommendation for the pipe

2) Use plastic and tape

Do not exceed maximum

recommended allowable pull
force for the given pipe
selection

3) Seal pull head

Seal all holes with
washers and/or
silicon caulking
Washers
Seal End

Product Use Warnings

Connections to the pull head clevis should be such that the

pull head and the attached pipe are NOT allowed to rotate.

The pull head clevis should NOT be modified to fit a noncompatible pulling mechanism.

Components of the pulling mechanism, such as subassemblies, swivels, clasps and pins that will be located
between the pull head and the pulling mechanism must be
rated at or above the allowable pulling force for the IPEX
Fusible PVC/TerraBrute CR pipe sections being installed.

NEVER exceed the maximum allowable pull force for the

Fusible PVC/TerraBrute CR pipe being installed.

The end of the pipe being installed should be sealed prior to

installation of the pull head to minimize the amount of
foreign substance entering the interior of the pipe during
pull-in. (see Installing the Pull Head)

2.

Measure the outside of the pull head for the barrel length of
the pull head to be used. Be sure not to measure past the
barrel of the pull head into the cone portion. Measure the
same distance from the end of the pipe on which the pull
head will be installed and mark the position with a line
using the marker.

3.

Insert the pull head over the pipe until the pull head barrel
reaches the general location of the line marked in step 2.
The pull head is heavy and designed with a tight clearance
so proper equipment should be used to mount the pull
head. It might be necessary to push the pull head on with a
piece of equipment.

42 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

4.

5.

Use a sharp (preferably new) hole saw or drill bit to drill

holes in the pipe using the holes in the pull head as a
template. When drilling, it is important to allow the teeth of
the hole saw to do the cutting putting additional pressure
on the drill during this step could damage the pipe.
Cut the all thread stock to the proper size.
CAUTION: When cutting all thread it is possible for the
threads to bend and not allow the installation of the smooth
shank pull head nuts. Use the file to clean the threads and
ensure that the pull head nuts can be threaded onto the all
thread. Cross-threading will not give the proper amount of
strength to the assembly and must be avoided. Each size
pipe is different so care should be taken to ensure that the
all thread will reach across the pipe.
NOTE: The all thread can always be trimmed but cannot be
lengthened, so if there is any question as to the length, it is
recommended that the all thread be cut longer than needed.
If necessary, it can be cut again.

6.

After complete installation of all hardware, Gorilla Tape

should be used to seal the pull head as much as possible.
Gorilla Tape should be installed over the pull head nuts
and wrapped entirely around the pull head. Duct tape may
be used, but is not preferred and may not result in a
complete seal.

7.

Use Gorilla Tape to seal off the edge of the pull head to
the pipe in order to prevent (as much as possible) drilling
mud leaking up the pull head.
NOTE: Silicone caulking can be used in concert with the
Gorilla Tape to help seal the pull head. However, the
caulking should only be used for sealing and cannot be used
in lieu of the Gorilla Tape. Again, duct tape may be used,
but not preferable.

This process must be repeated for each individual pull. The

pull head cannot be cut off and re-fused onto the end of the
pipe as this could cause the pipe to fail at the pull head
connections.
Please contact IPEX at 1-866-473-9462 with any questions
regarding pull head installation or use.

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 43

CUTTING PIPE
Introduction
IPEX Fusible and TerraBrute CR pipe is made to water and
wastewater industry PVC piping standards. Like regular PVC pipe,
generally recommended practices for working with and handling
PVC pipe apply to IPEX Fusible PVC/TerraBrute CR pipe. However,
lengths of IPEX Fusible/TerraBrute CR pipe, are subject to
stresses not generally experienced by standard 20 foot lengths of
bell and spigot PVC pipe. These stresses are related to the
configuration of the pipe and/or the method of installation. The
purpose of this section is to provide recommendations regarding
the proper procedures and requirements for cutting IPEX Fusible
and TerraBrute CR pipe.
Management of Bending Energy
IPEX Fusible pipe is butt-fused together without
mechanical joints or seals, therefore, this pipe assumes
any changes in direction or grade by bending of the pipe
barrel itself, rather than deflecting at joints or
connections. Bending imparts longitudinal tensile and
compressive energy on the pipe. Considering that project
sites tend to have some relief to them, and that most
installations require some bending of the pipe either
before, during, or after installation; the bending energy
needs to be managed during the cutting of an IPEX
Fusible pipe string.
In an attempt to minimize the bending energy, every
effort should be made to create as straight of an
alignment as possible on both sides of the pipe cut. If
the adjacent pipe alignment cannot be fully
straightened, resistive support on the outside of the
curved section should be provided to offset the tensile
energy on the outside of the curve, on both sides of the
cut. The pipe should always be fully supported on both
sides of the cut and, when possible, the pipe should be
cut on level ground. When the pipe to be cut is
cantilevered, such as the end of a pipe string that is
supported from only one side; the unsupported side
should be strapped to completely support the weight of
the cantilevered end.

44 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 45

ACCESSORIES

Management of Pulling Energy

The installation of IPEX Fusible/TerraBrute CR pipe, particularly
trenchless installations, will result in residual energy in the
pipe after the installation has been completed. Such residual
energy is the result of pulling the pipe into position, taking
advantage of the tensile capacity of the pipe and joint.
In order to minimize or relieve the residual energy from pulling, it
is recommended that the lead end of the installed pipe length be
pushed back gently in the reverse direction of the installation.
This compressive force will act to relieve residual tension on the
pipe after being pulled. Ideally, the back end of the installed pipe
should move slightly, showing that the entire pipe string has been
compressively moved back through the final installation
alignment. While this is ideal, it may not be possible in certain
circumstances and installations, such as HDD installations.
Recommended Procedure for Cutting IPEX Fusible PVC Pipe
Regardless of the steps taken to relieve the bending and/or
pulling energy, it is possible that some residual energy might
still remain in the Fusible pipe string at the cut location. When
the pipe is cut in the hoop direction, or perpendicular to the
length of the pipeline, any unrelieved longitudinal energy will
act to pull the pipe apart. This can result in separation of the
pipe, prior to being cut the entire way through. The cutting
creates an initiation point in the direction perpendicular to the
orientation of the longitudinal energy, which can open the pipe
in the hoop direction prior to the completion of the cut. While
this phenomenon is sometimes advantageous in that it
completes the cut prior to having to actually cut the entire
pipe wall section the cut-ends are not always clean and
perpendicular particularly in situations where the longitudinal
energy is uneven, such as with bent pipe.
To achieve as smooth of a cut face as possible, the following
cutting procedure is recommended. This procedure will also
help to confine the extent of the pipe separation to the
intended cutting plane.
The following steps should be followed in order:
1.

ALWAYS DOUBLE-CHECK TO MAKE SURE THAT THE PIPE IS

NOT INTERNALLY PRESSURIZED. ALL INTERNAL PRESSURE
MUST BE RELIEVED.

2.

SCORE THE FULL CIRCUMFERENCE OF THE PIPE AND CUT

ALONG THE SCORE LINE.

IPEX Fusible and TerraBrute CR pipes are made to the same

dimensions as regular AWWA C900 and C905 PVC pipe and
can be used with the same fittings and accessories. Fused
joints are fully restrained and do not require mechanical
restraints; however, both ends of a fused string of pipe must be
restrained to the system it ties into.

RESTRAINERS
Tying IPEX FUSIBLE and TerraBrute CR pipe to a bell and spigot
system
IPEX Fusible/TerraBrute CR products offer a fully restrained
joint once assembled. As such, the assembled string of pipe
ends up acting as a somewhat monolithic pipe. Once installed
and pressurised, several phenomenon can generate pull out
forces at the connection points between the fused or
restrained section and the rest of the network or accessories
(valves, tees, elbows, couplings, etc) attached to it.
These forces can mainly be generated by:
Movement in the bore hole
Poisson Effect
Pressure surges
Water Temperature changes
In order to prevent the fused/restrained section from pulling
out of a conventional gasketed joint; it must be restrained,
through the use of a thrust block or mechanical restrainer, at
both ends of the string to the rest of the system. The required
length of gasketed joints to be restrained is project specific.
A conservative design would be to consider the fused/restrained
string of pipe as a dead-end.

46 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

SERVICE CONNECTIONS

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 47

Tapping Types for Pressure Application

Tapping

Direct Tapping

Direct tapping for services is not recommended, tapped

couplings or saddles MUST be used.

Saddle or Sleeve

However,

DO NOT DIRECT TAP IN A BENT SECTION OF THE PIPE,

DO NOT DIRECT TAP PIPE UNDER TENSION.

It is the installers responsibility to

verify that the pipe is undamaged,
unbent and not under tension
before direct tapping.
The use of a saddle or tapped
coupling is recommended to tap
Fusible Brute/TerraBrute CR pipes.
The following should be considered
when using a saddle:
Use a saddle designed for PVC
pipes.

The spacing recommended for direct taps is conservative for

a saddle tap.

Tap no closer than 600 mm (24") from both the back of the
bell and the spigot insertion line from joint.

Stagger multiple taps and keep them at least 450 mm (18")

apart lengthwise. Thus, the minimum spacing along the
same line is 900 mm (36").

Do not tap a curved pipe if the radius of the bend is less

than 300 times the pipe outside diameter.

It is the installers responsibility to ensure that the tap is

properly done and provide warranty.

Saddle
Pipe Wall
Smooth bore hole

In addition to the recommendations presented in the IPEX

BLUE BRUTE PIPE TAPPING GUIDE, installers MUST follow
these recommendations when direct tapping Fusible Brute and
TerraBrute CRpipes:
DO NOT DIRECT TAP PIPE THAT HAS BEEN GOUGED OR
DAMAGED DURING THE INSTALLATION PROCESS,

Threaded
direct tap

OK

If you take the responsibility of Direct Tapping PVC in Trenchless

Installations

NO!

Pipe Wall

Wet Tap (under pressure)

Dry Tap (NO pressure)

OK

OK

Saddles and Sleeves

IPEX recommends that all taps be performed with an

appropriate saddle or sleeve

Must be specifically designed for PVC

Install per manufacturers instructions

Saddle

Sleeve

48 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

Equipment

PRESSURE TESTING PROCEDURES

Twist Drill

Spade Bit

Hole Saw

NO!

NO!

NO!

Use appropriate
tapping machine

Shell Cutter

OK

Use appropriate PVC shell

cutter, made for use with
manufacturer specific tapping
machine
Use tapping machine per
manufacturers
recommendations and
instructions

OK

Tapping Machine
utilizing saddle

If a greater size tap is required than is shown below, alternate

methods are available to accommodate the required size.
Pipe Size

Recommended Tap Sizes

3/4"

1"

10

12

14

1-1/2"

The pressure test is a key event in the installation of all IPEX

Fusible and TerraBrute CR products, including Fusible Brute
C-900, C-905, and FPVCTM. There are, in a lot of installations,
more events beyond the pressure test that define completion of
the project. For pipe supply and fusion services however, the
pressure test can define completion of services in the manner
expected.

Basis for Hydrostatic Pressure Test

Sizes Allowed

(In)

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 49

2"

16

18

4"

6"

In the majority of waterworks projects to date, the pipeline

owner has determined the test pressure and duration of the
pressure test for a fusible installation. The range of pressures
has been from operating pressure of the system to 150% of
the rated pressure of the pipe. The durations have been from
30 minutes to 24 hours. The normal average parameters have
been 150% of the operating pressure of the system for a
duration of 1 to 2 hours.
The primary standard used in pressure testing of PVC pressure
water mains is the AWWA C605 Underground Installation of
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and Fittings for Water.
This standard states that the hydrostatic pressure test shall be
performed at no less than 125% of the maximum anticipated
sustained working pressure of the pipe, for a duration of 2
hours, unless this pressure exceeds the design pressure of the
pipe or any of the appurtenances on the pipeline while
performing the test.
AWWA C605 also contains the description of a Test Allowance.
This allowance is used for a typical gasketed pipe installation,
and is defined as the quantity of water that must be supplied to
the pipe section being tested to maintain a pressure within 5 psi
(34 kPa) of the specified hydrostatic test pressure.

20

24

Installations requiring more water than what is permitted by

the test allowance will not be accepted. It should be noted
here that a pipeline that is predominantly comprised of Fusible
PVC, joined with butt-fusion joints and installed per the
manufacturers instructions, will not leak at the joints. This
information regarding Test Allowance is for reference and
those sections that contain gasketed fittings and connections
or areas of other pipe technology. The following table provides
the hydrostatic test makeup water allowance per 1000 feet:

50 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

Procedures for the Hydrostatic Pressure Test

Preparations for the Hydrostatic Pressure Test

Hydrostatic test makeup water allowances per

1,000 ft (305 m) of PVC pipe* - gph
Avg. Test
Pressure

Nominal Pipe Diameter, in. (mm)

4
(100)

6
(150)

8
(200)

10
(250)

12
(300)

14
(350)

16
(400)

300 (2,070)

0.47

0.70

0.94

1.17

1.40

1.64

1.87

275 (1,900)

0.45

0.67

0.90

1.12

1.34

1.57

1.79

250 (1,720)

0.43

0.64

0.85

1.07

1.28

1.50

1.71

225 (1,550)

0.41

0.61

0.81

1.01

1.22

1.42

1.62

200 (1,380)

0.38

0.57

0.76

0.96

1.15

1.34

1.53

175 (1,210)

0.36

0.54

0.72

0.89

1.07

1.25

1.43

150 (1,030)

0.33

0.50

0.66

0.83

0.99

1.16

1.32

125

(860)

0.30

0.45

0.60

0.76

0.91

1.06

1.21

100

(690)

0.27

0.41

0.54

0.68

0.81

0.95

1.08

75

(520)

0.23

0.35

0.47

0.59

0.70

0.82

0.94

50

(340)

0.19

0.29

0.38

0.48

0.57

0.67

0.76

psi

(kPa)

Avg. Test
Pressure
psi

(kPa)

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 51

Nominal Pipe Diameter, in. (mm)

18
20
24
30
36
42
48
(450) (500) (610) (760) (915) (1,070) (1,220)

300 (2,070)

2.11

2.34

2.81

3.51

4.21

4.92

5.62

275 (1,900)

2.02

2.24

2.69

3.36

4.03

4.71

5.38

250 (1,720)

1.92

2.14

2.56

3.21

3.85

4.49

5.13

225 (1,550)

1.82

2.03

2.43

3.04

3.65

4.26

4.86

200 (1,380)

1.72

1.91

2.29

2.87

3.44

4.01

4.59

175 (1,210)

1.61

1.79

2.15

2.68

3.22

3.75

4.29

150 (1,030)

1.49

1.66

1.99

2.48

2.98

3.48

3.97

125

(860)

1.36

1.51

1.81

2.27

2.72

3.17

3.63

100

(690)

1.22

1.35

1.62

2.03

2.43

2.84

3.24

75

(520)

1.05

1.17

1.40

1.76

2.11

2.46

2.81

50

(340)

0.86

0.96

1.15

1.43

1.72

2.01

2.29

The pressure test is done after installation of the IPEX Fusible

PVC/TerraBrute CR pipeline. The line is installed, and in the case
of open cut, backfilled except for any mechanical connections
made to the pipe. In the cases of horizontal directional drilling,
pipe bursting, and slipline applications, the pipe is completely
installed and the ends where connections are made or are to be
made left exposed. Also, for any of the above that require service
connections, taps, blow-off valves, air bleeds, etc. these should
be installed to the extent possible before the test. The
determination of what to test is based on the rating of the in-line
or attached fittings or devices. Each component must be
reviewed to determine if it can handle the prescribed test
pressure. Normally those that cant handle 125% of the
operating pressure are removed or isolated from the test. In
situations where this cant be done, the test pressure is lowered.
For example, a pressure relief valve by its design is set to
typically release at a pressure slightly above operating pressure.
The test is run from the lowest accessible elevation point in
the test section. This is because the pressure in the pipe is
made up of two components. First there is the line pressure
(dynamic pressure) generated by the attached test pump.
Second is the static pressure generated from changes in
elevation. With water, for every 2.3 (+/-) that the line elevation
is higher than the test location, an additional 1 psi (+/-) of
head pressure is added to the line pressure as measured at the
test point. So if the test pressure is 150 psi and the pipe being
tested has an elevation increase of 23 feet, the high point will
see a pressure of 140 psi.
Another reason for testing from the lowest point is to gain
some advantage in purging the entrapped air in the pipe. Air in
the line during the pressure test is problematic and a safety
concern. Air is very compressible. As it compresses, it stores
energy, that when released can create a serious safety hazard.
This does not pertain to the PVC pipe as much as it does to
the end caps, restraints, and testing hardware. It is far more
likely for testing hardware to become compromised during a
test, and create a safety hazard. With an air pocket behind it,
the end cap or other testing hardware can become a projectile.
Air changes in volume with changes in temperature. It takes
considerably longer to reach test pressure by compressing air
than it does water.

52 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 53

Air is removed from the test section by venting and by flushing.

In the case of venting, this may involve tapping into the PVC
line to relieve air at high points. This could mean an excavation
and tap saddle/sleeve operation. In most systems, air relief
stations are included in the design for larger diameter
transmission lines. Flushing is moving water through the line at
high velocity, usually more than 3 ft/sec. This is more cost
effective, but requires a disposal method for the water flushed
if not done while the system is connected. Water is run at high
velocity to move air along, and then the flow is stopped to
allow the air trapped in the water during flow to migrate to the
next high point in the system. This is repeated multiple times
to remove air. Generally, moving approximately three volumes
of water through the pipeline, with one volume being equal to
the amount of water in the pipeline when full, provides
sufficient flushing time. The recommendations of the current
AWWA C605 and AWWA M23 should be followed for all
flushing procedures.

Normally testing is done with the line isolated from the

balance of the system. To do this, end caps with taps for
filling/draining water, measuring pressure, and connecting the
test pump must be installed with the appropriate restraints.
These are usually restraining glands designed for PVC or an
equal type of PVC restraint. These parts must be procured with
the end test pressure in mind. PVC restraints have a maximum
pressure rating associated with them. There are special
restraints that can increase the restraint pressure rating. In
most cases, the end test hardware determines the maximum
test pressure and not the pipe. All components of the system
should be installed, checked, cured, and otherwise verified that
they are capable of handling the test pressures associated with
the test. This includes proper curing of any thrust or kick
blocks installed on the pipeline.

The following figure is an example of flow rates and tap sizes

needed to produce sufficient velocity to flush a water main:

The pressure test should be done with clean potable water in

the case of water mains. Do not test with non-potable water.
This could contaminate the system making disinfection harder
and more costly.

Determination of Test Pressure

Recommended Flushing Parameters
Required Flow and Openings to Flush Pipelines
(40 psi Residual Pressure in Water Main)
Pipe Dia.
In.

Flow Required to
Size of Tap
Hydrant
Produce 2.5 fps
on Main by
Outlets
Size
Velocity in Main gpm
Number

Test pressure is normally based upon the working pressure of

the piping system. Working pressure is the long term pressure
at which the system is expected to operate. This is nearly
always different, and less than the pressure class or pressure
rating of the pipe.

Steps of the Hydrostatic Pressure Test

100

15/16

2-1/2

220

1- 3/8

2-1/2

The following steps are typically followed in a hydrostatic

pressure test on a water main:

390

1- 7/8

2-1/2

Complete installation of the pipe line.

10

610

2- 5/16

2-1/2

Determine the test pressure.

12

880

2- 13/16

2-1/2

16

1565

3- 5/8

2-1/2

Determine what appurtenances that meet the test pressure

will be installed prior to the test and those that wont.
Complete their installation. From a pipe supply stand point,
the less other devices installed the more straight-forward
the pipe pressure test is. These include mechanical flanges,
MJ fittings, or threaded connections that will be susceptible
points for a leak to occur that have nothing to do with the
Fusible PVC pipe.

* With a 40 psi pressure in the main with the hydrant

flowing to atmosphere, a 2-1/2 inch Hydrant outlet will
discharge approximately 1000 gpm and a 4-1/2 inch
hydrant nozzle will discharge approximately 2500 gpm

54 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

4

There are multiple different options for removing all of the

air prior to a pressure test. Each one of the options outlined
below will work as long as it is done properly. The most
important item is to remove the maximum amount of air
possible out of the line no matter how it is accomplished.

Install a ductile iron mechanical flange with an offset

threaded connection tap to fill and vent at the highest
point of the line, add pressure to the line, and vent air
from the line.

Install PVC tap saddles at the ends of the pipe

orientated at the highest point of the line, add pressure
to the line, and vent air from the line.

Install end caps to the pipe with threaded connection

taps for water filling the line, adding pressure to the
line, and venting air from the line.

Note: The end caps are usually tapped in the center. If

venting is done from this location, it is highly likely that air
will be trapped above the tap location. As a result, IPEX
recommends installing screwed pipe fittings on the inside
of the tap that allow an elbow and a pipe nipple pointing
up toward the top of the end cap. This should come within
1/4" of the inside diameter of the PVC pipe being tested.
Because the vent piping is on the inside of the end cap, it
sees little to no pressure and therefore does not need to be
watertight. Depending on the line configuration, the air
vent can be reduced in size. If the line also will be flushed
to remove air, then the vent line needs to be sized to
handle the flow required for flushing. The end cap may also
be tapped off-center and placed so that this off-center tap
is at the top of the pipe cross-section, allowing a vent to be
placed there that will remove the air that would normally
be trapped at this location with a center-only type ductile
iron cap arrangement.
If there are many changes in vertical direction, normally air
vents are designed into the system. Where possible, these
should be installed prior to a pressure test to facilitate
venting of the line. Temporary taps and corporation valves
or air relief valves can also serve to vent air pockets
encountered during a pressure test situation, or they may
be placed on the top of the pipe immediately before the
end cap, to vent the trapped air above a center-only tapped
DI end cap.

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 55

5

Fill line with water.

Vent line at all available and necessary locations.

Use flushing technique to remove air if venting alone does

not remove air.

Connect positive displacement pressure test pump to the

system.

Apply pressure with test pump to the predetermined test

pressure.

10 Isolate pump from pipe for duration of test.

11 Apply any leak rate determination if applicable to the
pressure test.

Procedures for Gravity Sewer Testing (Low

Pressure Air Test)
It is normal to test the integrity of a gravity sewer installation
to confirm there is little or no infiltration or exfiltration from
the new pipe. This is normally done with air. There are two
main best practice standards that relate to the testing of sewer
pipe with low-pressure air: 1.) ASTM F1417 Standard Test
Method for Installation Acceptance of Plastic Gravity Sewer
Lines Using Low-Pressure Air; and 2.) UNI-B-6
Recommended Practice for Low-Pressure Air Testing of
Installed Sewer Pipe.
Generally, sewer pipe plugs are placed in the section to be
tested. One is equipped with an air inlet and the other has a
valve to release the air. One of the plugs, or the piping that the
compressor attaches to, has a gauge to record the pressure in
the pipe during the test. This is done at very low pressure,
around 5 psi. Never test gravity lines (or pressure lines) with
high pressure air.

Above Grade Testing

Pressure testing a fused PVC line prior to installation is often
requested. The issue is testing to show that the fusion joints
are good prior to putting the pipe into the ground. While this is
a legitimate concern, in practice it is very difficult and
potentially unsafe to test above ground.
The fused pipe will be hundreds of feet in length with grade
changes likely. This makes filling and removing air a time
consuming proposition. The pipe is unsupported allowing it to

56 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

move. As pressure is added to the line after air is removed, the
pipe will try to straighten itself causing movement over the
ground. This movement is difficult to control and given the
weight involved of a water filled line, an unsafe situation can
develop. Finally, the end hardware must be secured above
grade for such a test. If there is air in the line and the end
hardware is not sufficiently restrained, the release of the end
cap results in a fast moving projectile.
After pipe is fused above grade, it is subjected to tensile pullin forces as well as bending. A test prior to installation
therefore will miss any adverse effect of these. The only
meaningful pressure test is one done after installation, on a
line that is ready for acceptance into the system.

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 57

2) Check Appurtenances
All restraint devices are installed per manufacturers
recommendations and appropriate torque
All devices must be rated for test pressure
Set up test at lowest elevation
Remove air at the highest elevation(s)
Designed air
relief valve
Saddle tap (typ.)

End cap
with restraint

Hydrostatic Pressure Testing

1) Basics for Test
Determine test pressure and duration from the appropriate
standards or specifications.
General industry practice for testing is a one hour test at
150% of the long-term working pressure for the pipeline.
Perform all testing under supervision and adhere to all
applicable local standards.

Line valve
with restraint

3) Purge Air
Use designed air relief valves, air flushing with water,
temporary testing air relief at end caps, or taps in line
Assure all air is removed prior to test
Let air settle out of test water before final venting
Designed
air relief valve

WARNING - Pressurized pipelines and attached

appurtenances represent a potential safety hazard due to
misinstallation, mis-handling or mis-testing of the pipeline.
It is recommended that all pipelines be tested AFTER
installation and burial, if applicable.
Testing is to be completed hydrostatically. Removal of air is
MANDATORY.
General guidelines for hydrostatic pressure testing of PVC
water piping systems can be found under AWWA C605
Underground Installation of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Pressure Pipe and Fittings for Water.

End cap
with restraint

Temp. Testing
Air Relief

Vent at tap

End cap
with restraint

Flush with water

4) Perform Test
Pressurize line
Hold for test period
Fix leaks, if any found
Retest if necessary

End cap
with restraint

Gauge
Test pump

Shut-off valves
Makeup
water

58 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide 59

Drill Stem
These tables are to be used as a reference only and should be
validated with the drill stem supplier.
Rod vs Pipe Deflection
Rod Length, ft

Allowable Deflection per Rod Length

30
Change % Change

DIPS
(in)

Radius
(ft)

100

17.19

144

11.94

189

9.09

Change

20
% Change

Change

15
% Change

30.9%

11.46

20.3%

8.59

15.1%

5.73

21.1%

7.96

14.0%

5.97

10.5%

3.98

16.0%

6.06

10.6%

4.55

8.0%

3.03

Change

10
% Change

6
Change

% Change

10.0%

3.44

6.0%

7.0%

2.39

4.2%

5.3%

1.82

3.2%

10

231

7.44

13.1%

4.96

8.7%

3.72

6.5%

2.48

4.3%

1.49

2.6%

12

275

6.25

11.0%

4.17

7.3%

3.13

5.5%

2.08

3.6%

1.25

2.2%

14

319

5.39

9.4%

3.59

6.3%

2.69

4.7%

1.80

3.1%

1.08

1.9%

16

363

4.74

8.3%

3.16

5.5%

2.37

4.1%

1.58

2.8%

0.95

1.7%

18

406

4.23

7.4%

2.82

4.9%

2.12

3.7%

1.41

2.5%

0.85

1.5%

20

450

3.82

6.7%

2.55

4.4%

1.91

3.3%

1.27

2.2%

0.76

1.3%

24

538

3.19

5.6%

2.13

3.7%

1.60

2.8%

1.06

1.9%

0.64

1.1%

30

667

2.58

4.5%

1.72

3.0%

1.29

2.2%

0.86

1.5%

0.52

0.9%

36

798

2.15

3.8%

1.44

2.5%

1.08

1.9%

0.72

1.3%

0.43

0.8%

42

927

1.85

3.2%

1.24

2.2%

0.93

1.6%

0.62

1.1%

0.37

0.6%

Rod vs Pipe Deflection

Rod Length, ft

Allowable Deflection per Rod Length

30
Change % Change

20
% Change

15
% Change

IPS
(in)

Radius
(ft)

73

23.55

43.6%

15.70

28.1%

11.77

20.8%

7.85

94

18.29

33.0%

12.19

21.6%

9.14

16.1%

6.10

138

12.46

22.1%

8.30

14.6%

6.23

10.9%

4.15

Change

Change

Change

10
% Change

6
Change

% Change

13.8%

4.71

8.2%

10.7%

3.66

6.4%

7.3%

2.49

4.4%

180

9.55

16.8%

6.37

11.2%

4.77

8.4%

3.18

5.6%

1.91

3.3%

10

224

7.67

13.5%

5.12

9.0%

3.84

6.7%

2.56

4.5%

1.53

2.7%

12

266

6.46

11.3%

4.31

7.5%

3.23

5.6%

2.15

3.8%

1.29

2.3%

14

292

5.89

10.3%

3.92

6.9%

2.94

5.1%

1.96

3.4%

1.18

2.1%

16

333

5.16

9.0%

3.44

6.0%

2.58

4.5%

1.72

3.0%

1.03

1.8%

18

375

4.58

8.0%

3.06

5.3%

2.29

4.0%

1.53

2.7%

0.92

1.6%

20

417

4.12

7.2%

2.75

4.8%

2.06

3.6%

1.37

2.4%

0.82

1.4%

24

500

3.44

6.0%

2.29

4.0%

1.72

3.0%

1.15

2.0%

0.69

1.2%

60 IPEX FusibleTM & TerraBrute CR Installation Guide

NOTES

CUSTOMER SERVICE CENTER

Customers call IPEX Inc.
Toll free: (866) 473-9462
www.ipexinc.com

About the IPEX Group of Companies

As leading suppliers of thermoplastic piping systems, the IPEX Group of
Companies provides our customers with some of the worlds largest and
most comprehensive product lines. All IPEX products are backed by more
than 50 years of experience. With state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities
and distribution centers across North America, we have established a
reputation for product innovation, quality, end-user focus and performance.
Markets served by IPEX group products are:
Electrical systems
Telecommunications and utility piping systems
PVC, CPVC, PP, ABS, PVCO, PEX, FR-PVDF and PE pipe and fittings

(1/4" to 48")
Industrial process piping systems
Municipal pressure and gravity piping systems
Plumbing and mechanical piping systems
PE Electrofusion systems for gas and water
Industrial, plumbing and electrical cements
Irrigation systems

Products are manufactured by IPEX Inc.

IPEX Fusible, Fusible Brute, Fusible Series, Go Trenchless with PVC,
and TerraBrute CR are trademarks of IPEX Branding Inc.
Fusible PVC is a trademark of Underground Solutions Inc. used under
license.
w w w . i p e x i n c . c o m

This literature is published in good faith and is believed to be reliable.

However, it does not represent and/or warrant in any manner the
information and suggestions contained in this brochure. Data presented is
the result of laboratory tests and field experience.
A policy of ongoing product improvement is maintained. This may result in
modifications of features and/or specifications without notice.

IGMNFPIP130803 2013 IPEX MN0312C