Chapter 4
Screw Threads
Prepared By:
Dishank Upadhyay
Mechatronics Department
TeamLease Skills University
Vadodara
Objectives
Thread Terminology
Form of Screw Threads
Types of Threads
Thread Style & Cutting Operation
Conventional Representation
External Threads (With/Without Section)
Internal Threads (With/Without Section)
Multiple Start Thread
Thread Terminology
External (male)
thread
A thread cut on
the outside of
a cylindrical
body.
Internal (female) A thread cut on
thread
the inside of
a cylindrical body.
External
thread
Internal
thread
Thread Terminology
Right-hand
thread
Left Hand
Thread
Thread that will assemble when turned clockwise.
Thread that will assemble when turned counter-clockwise.
Turnbuckle use RH and LH thread at each
end to double displacement.
Forms of Screw Threads
Form is the profile shape of the thread.
Example :
knuckle thread form
Forms of Screw Threads
2 main types of screw threads
1. Triangular or V Thread
2. Square Thread
- Other forms are either modified forms of square threads or
combination of the two forms.
1. Triangular or V Threads
- Types of Threads
1. Unified Threads
2. Metric Threads
3. Withworth Threads
4. British Standard Fine (BSF) & British Standard Pipe
(BSP)
5. Sellers Threads
6. British Association (B.A.) Threads
Unified Threads
External Threads(Screw) Varies slightly
in shape from the Internal Threads
(Inside a nut).
Angle of thread : 60
Roots : Rounded
Crests: Cut Parallel to the axis of Screw
Metric Threads
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards) designed screws in Metric
System. And as designated it as Metric Screw Threads.
In this System
Pitch : Fixed (Instead of No. of Threads)
Metric Thread designated by M followed by nominal
diameter
E.g. M 20 (20 is nominal diameter)
Withworth Threads
Also known as a BSW
(British Standard
Withworth)
Angle : 55
Theoritical Depth = D =
0.96 P
1/6 D is rounded off at top
& bottom
British Standard Fine (BSF) & British Standard
Pipe (BSP)
Same witheworth profile
Pitches are finer
Depth are smaller
Uses:
BSF : Automobile & Aircraft work
BSP : Gas, Steam & Water pipe
Sellers Threads
Standard form in USA
Thread Angle : 60
Cutoff = D/8
Crests and Roots teeth are flat
Theoretical depth D = 0.866P
Actual Depth = 0.649P
British Association (B.A.) Threads
Angle: 47.5
Round off = 0.236D
Actual depth = 0.6P
Th.depth D = 1.136P
Act. Depth d = 0.6 P
Use: Small Instruments sccrews
2. Square Threads
Flanks & Sides normal to the axis.
Use:
Power transmission
To obtain larger axial movement of
the nut or the screw per revolution
Lead screw of lathe machine
Screw jacks
Vices
Pitch of the thread is normally
larger than the triangular threads
2. Square Threads
Types
1. Acme Threads
2. Knuckle Threads
3. Buttress Threads
Acme Threads
Modified from Square thread
Stronger and easier to cut
Thread Angle : 29
Depth d= 0.5P + 0.25 mm
Thickness at crest = 0.3707P
Uses
Lead screw of lathe
Knuckle Threads
Made by rounding off the
corner of the square threads
Comprises of semi circles of
radius R = 0.25P
Depth d = 0.5P
Wear resistant and used in
rough usage
Uses:
Coupler of railway carriages
Electric bulb
Buttress Threads
Combination of triangular and
square threads
One flank perpendicular to the
thread axis
Thread angle is = 45
D=P
d = 0.75 P
Use:
Screw of Bench-vice.
Threads Styles
External Thread Cutting
Internal Thread Cutting
Thread Drawing / Representation
3 Types of representation
1. Detailed Representation
2. Schematic Representation
3. Simplified Representation
1. Detailed Representation
Use Slanting lines to represent crest and root.
Roots and crests are drawn in sharp Vs
2. Schematic Representation
Use alternate long and short lines for representing
crests and roots of the threads, respectively.
3. Simplified Representation
Use thick continuous lines for representing crests
and thin continuous lines for representing root of the
threads, Respectively.
3. Simplified Representation
Use thick continuous lines for representing crests
and thin continuous lines for representing root of the
threads, Respectively.
DRAWING STEPS OF
EXTERNAL THREAD
Draw an arc that
represents a root.
Draw
45o Chamfer
Draw
thread
axis
Minor
dia.
Major dia.
Draw a circle that
represents a crest.
Thread Length
Starting
position
Draw line making
30o with thread axis
DRAWING
STEPS
OF
Internal Thread
THREADED HOLE
1. Through threaded hole
Sectional view
Draw a crest
Draw
thread
axis
Minor
dia.
Major dia.
Draw a root
root
crest
Draw a circle that
represents a crest.
Draw an arc that
represents a root.
Section lines are drawn
into the crest of a thread.
DRAWING STEPS OF
THREADED HOLE
Draw
thread
axis
Draw a circle that
represents a crest.
Draw an arc that
represents a root.
Minor
dia.
Major dia.
2. Blinded threaded hole
Thread depth
Hole depth
DRAWING STEPS OF
THREADED HOLE
2. Blinded threaded hole
Sectional view
DIMENSIONING EXTERNAL THREAD
Use local note to specify :- thread form, nominal size,
pitch (if it is a fine thread)
Use typical method to specify :- thread length.
M 10 1.5 Coarse thread
1.0 Fine thread
xx
Thread
length
DIMENSIONING THREADED HOLE
Use local note to
specify
1. Tap drill size
2. Drill depth
3. Thread form
4. Nominal size
5. Pitch
6. Thread depth
8.50 Drill, 20 Deep,
M10 Tapped, 15 Deep
Multiple Start Threads
Single start threads P = L (Lead)
W.k.t Depth of thread is depending
on the pitch,
Greater the lead = Greater will be
the depth of thread and smaller
will be the core diameter.
Fig2. shows large depth and
smaller core dia. Which makes
screw weak so multiple cutting of
thread is required.
Multiple Start Threads
Multiple cutting: two or more
threads having the same pitch,
with increasing lead, run parallel to
each other.
Slope of thread is changed
S = 0.5L
Relation between pitch and lead is
Double start thread : P = 2L
Triple start thread : P = 3L
Multiple Start Threads
Conventional Representation of Double started
threads
Thank You
Prepared by:
Dishank Upadhyay
Mechatronics Department
TeamLease Skills University.
