V R SIDDHARTHA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
EEE DEPARTMENT
MATLAB Applications to
electrical Engineering
S.V.R.LAKSHMI KUMARI
P.VENKATESH
ASSOCIATE PROFFSSOR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
Introduction to MATLAB
Matlab Basics
Vectors and Matrices
Plots
Loops
MATLAB examples
Control Flow
If
Conditionally execute statements
Else
IF statement condition
Elseif
IF statement condition
end
Terminate scope of FOR, WHILE, SWITCH, TRY and IF ...
for
Repeat statements a specific number of times
While
Repeat statements an indefinite number of times
Break
Terminate execution of WHILE or FOR loop
Switch
Switch among several cases based on expression
Case
SWITCH statement case
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
Boolean operators in MATLAB
Symbol Meaning
Example
==
~=
>
>=
<
<=
&
if x==1
if x~=0
if x>y
if x>=c
if x<18*s
if x<=11
if (x==1)&(y>3)
if (x==1)|(y>3)
if x~=y
equal
not equal
strictly greater than
greater than or equal to
strictly smaller than
smaller than or equal to
AND
OR
NOT
The operators AND, OR, NOT allow you to combine simpler tests
4
Decision making in MATLAB
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For simple decisions?
IF END `
More complex decisions?
IF ELSEIF ELSE ... END
MATLAB PRESENTATION
Control Structures
If Statement Syntax
if (Condition_1)
Matlab Commands
elseif (Condition_2)
Matlab Commands
elseif (Condition_3)
Matlab Commands
else
Matlab Commands
end
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if ((a>3) & (b==5))
Some Matlab Commands;
end
if (a<3)
Some Matlab Commands;
elseif (b~=5)
Some Matlab Commands;
end
if (a<3)
Some Matlab Commands;
else
Some Matlab Commands;
end
MATLAB PRESENTATION
if thenelse end
EXAMPLE : TO CHECK THE NUMBER EVEN OR ODD
% Generate a random number
%Check whether it is even
%display that it is even if it is even
%display that it is odd if it is not even
a = randi(100, 1);
Disp(a)
if rem(a, 2) == 0 %use shift+enter
disp('a is even')
else
disp('a is odd')
end
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
If and Switch
The switch statement and the if statement are equally powerful,but the
switch statement is especially well suited to handle cases with only a finite set
of choices
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
if-elseif-else construction
if <logical expression>
disp(tall)
<commands>
elseif <logical expression>
elseif height<150
disp(small)
<commands>
else
else
disp(average)
<commands>
end
end
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if height>170
MATLAB PRESENTATION
if-constructs can be interleaved:
if a==b
if b==0
disp(b=0);
end;
else
disp(b is not equal to a);
end;
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
10
Program to calculate your internal marks
MATLAB code:
clear
clc
a1=input('enter assignment1 marks::');
a2=input('enter assignment2 marks::');
s1=input('enter assignment1 marks::');
s2=input('enter assignment2 marks::');
amax=max(a1,a2);
amin=min(a1,a2);
a=((2/3)*amax+(1/3)*amin);
smax=max(s1,s2);
smin=min(s1,s2);
s=((2/3)*smax+(1/3)*smin);
atten=input('enter percentage of attendance::');
if(atten<=75)
atten=0;
elseif((atten>75)&(atten<=80))
atten=3;
elseif((atten>80)&(atten<=90))
atten=4;
else((atten>90)&(atten<=100))
atten=5;
end
ha=input('enter home assignment marks::');
t=a+s+atten+ha;
fprintf('your total marks are %0.1f out of 30::\n',t)
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
11
FOR LOOPS
While Loops
Finite
(will run a specified number of times, as
determined when the loop is first
executed)
Indefinite
(will run until a given logical or relational
condition evaluates to false or 0)
Built in Index
(Matlab will define and Increment an
index automatically)
User Defined Index
(You have to define an index before the
loop and increment the index inside the
body of the loop)
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
12
Control Structures
Examples:
For loop syntax
for i=1:100
Some Matlab Commands;
end
for i=Index_Array
Matlab Commands
end
for j=1:3:200
Some Matlab Commands;
end
for m=13:-0.2:-21
Some Matlab Commands;
end
for k=[0.1 0.3 -13 12 7 -9.3]
Some Matlab Commands;
end
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
13
Program: To initialize each element of a to 1
for i=1:10
a(i)=1;
End
Output :
a=
1
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
14
while loop
While Loop Syntax
while (condition)
Matlab Commands
end
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Dummy Example
while ((a>3) & (b==5))
Some Matlab Commands;
end
MATLAB PRESENTATION
15
Program: To initialize each element of a to 1 using while loop
i=1;
while i<=10
a(i)=1;
i=i+1;
end
disp(a)
Output :
a=
1
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
16
FOR and WHILE
Program to add first 10 numbers :
sum=0;
for i=1:10
sum=sum+i;
end
disp(sum)
Output : 55
sum=0;
i=0;
while i<11
sum=sum+i;
i=i+1;
end
disp(sum)
Switch-case Selection
Switch conditional structures is particularly useful when dealing
with some kind of menu where a variable can take a set of
values and various actions must take place accordingly.
The syntax is:
switch variable
case value1
do this
case value2
do that
end;
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
18
Example of using switch
day=4;
%This corresponds to Thursday=4th day
%after Monday
switch day
case 1 %this effectively means if day==1
disp(Today is Monday);
case 2 % i. e. if day==2
disp(Today is Tuesday);
otherwise
disp(The number should be between 1 and 7)
end;
Note: The otherwise statement is optional. If it isnt there and the variable doesnt
take any of the case values tested then Matlab reaches end and nothing has happened.
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
19
In general, when you have many possible
discrete, known values, switch statements are
easier to read than if statements
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
21
Nested loops
If one loop is completely inside another one ,then
the two loops are called nested loops
Example : calculate the product of two integers
MATLAB CODE :
for i=1:3
for j=1:3
product=i*j;
fprintf('%d*%d=%d\n',i,j,product);
end
end
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
22
Output :
1*1=1
1*2=2
1*3=3
2*1=2
2*2=4
2*3=6
3*1=3
3*2=6
3*3=9
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
23
If a break statement appears inside a set of nested loops
,then the break statement refers to the innermost of the
loops containing it
Example :
for i=1:3
for j=1:3
if j==3;
break;
end
product=i*j;
fprintf('%d*%d=%d\n',i,j,product);
end
fprintf('End of inner loop\n');
end
fprintf('End of outer loop\n');
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
24
Output :
1*1=1
1*2=2
End of inner loop
2*1=2
2*2=4
End of inner loop
3*1=3
3*2=6
End of inner loop
End of outer loop
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MATLAB PRESENTATION
25
Commands and Functions
The break and continue Statements:
Break statement
Example :
for i=1:5
if i==3;
break
end
fprintf('i=%d\n',i);
end
disp('end of loop');
Output:
i=1
i=2
end of loop
continue statement
Example :
for i=1:5
if i==3;
continue
end
fprintf('i=%d\n',i);
end
disp('end of loop');
Output:
i=1
i=2
i=4
i=5
end of loop
