NFPA 20 1-8 (3.

2) NFPA Official Definitions

Authority Having Jurisdiction.* The organization,
office, or individual responsible for approving
equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.
A-1-8 (3.2.2)

Authority Having Jurisdiction.

The phrase authority having jurisdiction is used in NFPA documents in a

broad manner, since jurisdictions and approval agencies vary, as do their
responsibilities. Where public safety is primary, the authority having
jurisdiction may be a federal, state, local, or other regional department or
individual such as a fire chief; fire marshal; chief of a fire prevention bureau,
labor department, or health department; building official; electrical
inspector; or others having statutory authority. For insurance purposes, an
insurance inspection department, rating bureau, or other insurance
company representative may be the authority having jurisdiction. In many
circumstances, the property owner or his or her designated agent assumes
the role of the authority having jurisdiction; at government installations,
the commanding officer or departmental official may be the authority
having jurisdiction.

NFPA 20 (3.2.1)
Approved.* Acceptable to the
authority having jurisdiction.
A-1-8 (A.3.2.1) Approved.

The National Fire Protection Association does not approve,

inspect, or certify any installations, procedures, equipment,
or materials; nor does it approve or evaluate testing
laboratories. In determining the acceptability of
installations, procedures, equipment, or materials, the
authority having jurisdiction may base acceptance on
compliance with NFPA or other appropriate standards. In
the absence of such standards, said authority may require
evidence of proper installation, procedure, or use. The
authority having jurisdiction may also refer to the listings
or labeling practices of an organization ( UL or <FM> )
that is concerned with product evaluations and is thus in a
position to determine compliance with appropriate
standards for the current production of listed items.

WATER SUPPLY NFPA 20 (5.6)

The most common sources of fire
protection water are: city water, above
ground tank, below ground tank, well, or
an open body of water ( pond, river,
lake, etc. )
NFPA 20 (6.1.2) Centrifugal pumps shall
not be used where a static suction lift is
required.
Find out how many GPM are required and how much PSI
is needed to make the sprinkler and/or stand pipe system
work Will the proposed water supply and fire
pump meet the system demand ?

Will the water supply be adequate at 150% of the

fire pump rated flow??? NFPA 20 (5.6.2)
(5.6.5.1)

NFPA 20 (5.6.2.2) Where the water supply

from a public service main is not adequate in
quality, quantity, or pressure, an alternative
water source SHALL be provided.

NFPA 20 (5.6.5) Head.

The head (suction
pressure) available from a water supply shall be
figured on the basis of a flow of 150 percent of
the rated capacity of the fire pump. This head
should be determined by a flow test of the water
supply prior to ordering the pump.

--SAMPLE--

NOTE: Water supply flow test - MUST

BE CONDUCTED BEFORE A PUMP IS
SPECIFIED AND ORDERED! (5.6.5)

This water supply has a 6 line and an 8 that will feed a 1000 GPM pump.
The top curve has both lines open, the lower curve has only the 6 open.
In the worst condition (6 only) the line will provide 1000 GPM @ 45 PSI.

Theoretical Conditions

P
U
M
P
H
E
A

323

231

NFPA 20 Theoretical
Maximum Churn
HEAD Must not
exceed 140 % of
Rated HEAD

NFPA 20 100%
Rated Condition
500 GPM @ 231
HEAD
NFPA 20 Theoretical
Minimum Head AT
150% of RATED FLOW
- Head Must Be
Above 65% of
Rated Head

500 GPM

STATE
PUMP FLOW in GPM

750 GPM

of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

Total Head (H), Horizontal Pumps.* The

measure of the work increase per pound

(kilogram) of liquid, imparted to the liquid by the

pump, and therefore the algebraic difference
between the total discharge head and the total
suction head.

Where positive suction head exists,

the total head ( work increase ) = the
total discharge head minus ( - )
the total suction head.
Total Head (H), Vertical Turbine Pumps.* The

distance from the pumping water level to the center of the

discharge gauge plus ( + ) the total discharge head.

CALIBRATED ??

CALIBRATED ??

PSI / HEAD (ft)

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

HORIZONTAL
PUMPS
To determine
H (net PSI)
subtract
Suction PSI
from
Discharge PSI

150 PSI
50 PSI

100 PSI

231 (ft)

To determine
FEET of HEAD
multiply H
(net PSI) X 2.31

The suction pressure must

be (0 psi) or higher when
pump is operating at 150 %.
When suction is from a tank
the pressure is permitted to
drop to (-3 psi). NFPA 20
(5.14.3)

RATED

100 %
FLOW

.
RATED
ACTUAL CITY WATER
FROM PUMP TEST

STATE
FLOW IN GPM

150 %
C
100% FLOW

FLOW

H
E
A
D

CHURN
Pressure

of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

10

PUMP FLOW
DETERMINATION
WITH FLOW
METER

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

11

NOZZLE (PLAY PIPE)

AND PITOT TUBE

PUMP FLOW
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
DETERMINATION

12

<FM> FLOW CHART

UL / FM
CENTRIFUGAL
FIRE PUMPS

PACKAGED PUMP HOUSE

Prefabricated Fire Pump House

SITE PREPARATION : Slab or Footer

NOTE :
No Spreader Bars !

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

19

Field Erected Pump House or Pump Room

Vertical
In-Line
Horizontal
Split - Case

Vertical Turbine

To Test Head

Jockey
Pump

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

24

Horizontal Split - Case Fire Pump

Water
Seal
Piping

NOTE: Water seal

piping is not provided
on UL Fire Pumps
with suction pressure
of 30 psi or more !

YOU MUST
ACCURATELY
DETERMINE THE
SUCTION PRESSURE
BEFORE THE PUMP
IS ORDERED !!
NFPA 20 (5.2.2)
(5.6.2.3)

#1

Actual
suction
pressure
MUST NOT
exceed
this !

ACTUAL Suction pressure MUST be

determined BEFORE you order the pump !
NFPA 20 (5.2.2) (5.6.2.3)

Look at the pipe

fittings !!
This pump installation
develops 213 PSI at
churn.
A 125 lb flanged fitting
is rated at 175 PSI
maximum working
pressure !! NFPA 20
(5.7.4.1)

NO RODS !!!
SAFE ??
NFPA 13 15.1.6.1.1
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

28

NFPA 20
(5.7.4.1)
(5.7.4.2)

Variable
Speed PLC
(5.18.1.3)

(5.18.7)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

29

Circulation Relief Valve

is the MINIMUM size for up

to 2500 GPM Rated Pump*.

1 MIN. for larger pumps ???

NFPA 20 (5.11)

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

30

55 L

918

19 - 20

Circulation Case
Relief Valve
NFPA 20 2-6 (5.11)

NOTE : Not required on diesel

engine-driven HSC fire pumps unless
the engine is radiator-cooled !

10691

FWC

Typical CIRCULATION (CASE)

RELIEF VALVE Assembly The
valve must be installed
(VERTICALLY) on the pump
discharge before the discharge
check valve NFPA 20 (5.11.1.2)
NOTE: (Optional) Y strainer can
be used when foreign material
(sand or other debris) is present
in the water.

ORIFICE

FLOW

NOTE: Above
(optional) Backpressure orifice
assembly installed
in case relief
valve discharge to
create back
pressure and
reduce cavitation.

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

32

Automatic Air
Air Release
Release
Automatic
NFPA
20 20 2-6 2-6
(6.3.3)
NFPA

NOTE :
Automatic
air release
valve
installed

NFPA
20
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

34

(5.14)

PIPE SIZE ?
NFPA 20
(5.14.3.4)

! Elbows and tees with a centerline

plane parallel to a horizontal split-case
pump shaft shall be avoided. See
Figure A-2-9.6. (5.14.6.3.1)
If there is a parallel elbow : YOU
MUST HAVE 10 PIPE DIAMETERS
of STRAIGHT PIPE BETWEEN THE
ELBOW AND PUMP SUCTION
FLANGE (5.14.6.3.2)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

35

NFPA 20
2-9.6.4
(5.14.6.4)

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

36

NFPA 20
2-9.6.4
(5.14.6.4)

SUCTION
SUCTION

NFPA 20

SUCTION

2-9.6.3

Elbows and tees

with a centerline
plane parallel to
a horizontal
split-case pump
shaft shall be
avoided. See
Figure A-2-9.6.
(5.14.6.3.1)

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

38

CORRECTED !!!
NOTE: No ELBOWS

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

39

OSY
Suction
Valve

NOTE: Backflow Preventer!

NOTE: The long straight run of
suction pipe after a
HORIZONTAL 90 DEGREE
ELBOW !
More than 10 pipe diameters ?
(5.14.6.3.2)

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

41

Is this
Suction
Piping
OK ?

SUCTION
SUPPLY City Water

(5.14.6.3.3)

Is this HSC vertical

installation
REALLY a space
saver ??
IS IT CORRECT ??

OK ?

SUCTION

DISCHARGE

NFPA 20
(5.14.6.3.1)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

43

NOTE: Backflow
Preventer on DISCHARGE
side of Pump !! (5.26)
(5.14.9)

City By
-Pass

Study and
understand the
piping !
Ask questions
if you are not
sure !

PUMP
Suction

#2
STATE of OHIO FIRE

NOTE : Left Hand

Rotation ! *
Counter Clockwise !

CONFIRM
BEFORE you order
the PUMP !!
NFPA
20 (5.22)
SCHOOL
- BGSU

44

y-Pass
City Water B

Test Header
Control Valve
and Piping

#3

What is the SUPPLY Voltage ?

Is a Transfer Switch required ?
DOUBLE CHECK and CONFIRM
BEFORE you order the pump

NOTE: Test Header Piping is

Connected Between the
Pump Discharge Check Valve
and the Discharge (System)
Shut - Off Valve.
NFPA 20 (A.5.19.3.1)

Test Header
Control
Valve and
Piping

FLOW

NOTE : No drain valve on

bottom of test head pipe !
NFPA 20 (5.19.3.3.1)

FIRE PUMP TEST

CONNECTION
(5.19.3)

#4
What hose threads are
required on the hose valves
in your jurisdiction ?

CHECK and CONFIRM

before you order the
pump ! NFPA 20
(5.19.3.2)

FIRE
PUMP
TEST
HEAD

Fire Pump Test

Head
Must be located where the
motor and controller will
not be damaged by
spraying or splashing
water.

Preferably outside of
the pump house or the
pump room !
NFPA 20 (A.5.19.3.1)

NFPA 20

A-2-14.3.1

TEST HEAD ??

HOSE /TEST VALVES

(A.5.19.3.1)

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

50

What coupling will be

accepted by LAHJ ? FIND
OUT ! ASK !
UL
Listed ?? NFPA 20 (6.5)

#5

FALK Steel Flex APPROVED ??

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

51

Drive Shaft APPROVED ?

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

52

<FM> and IRI Bulletin 91-9

DO NOT USE Elastomer

Couplings ON UL/FM
FIRE PUMPS !

< FM> 9-2006

IRI Bulletin 91-9

LOOSE SET-SCREWS ????

TB Woods
Elastomer
Coupling

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

57

Diesel Driven
HSC Fire Pumps

Engine HP De-rate (11.2.2) *

3% for every 1000 ALT. above 300
1% for every 10 degrees (F) above 77

#6

NEW: NFPA 20 (11.2.4.2)

Pressure-Limiting Drivers

(5.18.6.3)

100 PSI
170 PSI
240 PSI

FOR TESTING
(14.2.7.3.7.3)

NOTE : With a PLD

All pump discharge
fittings, TO and
including the
system shut off
valve, must be
rated for the
MAXIMUM
discharge (CHURN)

CLARKE Fire Protection Products

System Relief Valve is

Required when a Variable
Speed OR -Pressure Limiting Driver
is used (5.18.1.3 ) *
-------also--------Required when
diesel fire pump churn
pressure X 1.21 (plus
maximum static suction)
exceeds the maximum
working pressure of the
system components
NFPA 20 (5.18.1.1) *

#7 REQUIRED ?

(5.18.1.1)
NOTE: This
Pump did not
require a main
relief valve since
the sum of the
churn pressure
times 121%
plus the max.
suction pressure
is only 142 PSI.

No Relief
Valve ?

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

63

Combustion Air Louver

NOTE: Relief
valve is piped to
waste outside
of building
(5.18.6)
(A.5.18.5)

Water
supply is
from a
ground
storage
tank

NOTE: Flexible
Dresser Pipe
Couplings to allow for
tank settling!
( A.5.17 )

Note: Packing drain

lines run to a floor
drain.(5.12.6.2)

Relief valve discharge is

permitted to be piped
back to the above ground
storage tank (5.18.6.3)

When Pump
Maximum
Discharge
Pressure is
evaluated
with the 121
% rule
NFPA 20
(A.5.18.1)

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

65

NOTE: System (Main) Relief Valve (if

used) is connected to the pump
discharge BEFORE the Discharge
Check Valve !! (5.18.3)

Engine Cooling
Water Piping

NFPA 20 (11.2.6.3)

(5.18.5)

e
Wast
e
v
l
f Va
Relie
.6)
(5.18

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

66

Where the cooling water contains

foreign material such as leaves, grass,
wood chips, etc duplex filter type
strainers should be provided.
NFPA 20

(A.11.2.6.4)

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

67

ENGINE cooling
waste water
MUST be piped so
the flow can be
VISUALLY
observed and
confirmed.
The discharge
pipe MUST be at
least one size
larger than the
inlet.

NFPA 20
(11.2.6.6)

ste
a
rW
e
t
Wa ain
g
lin n Dr .6.6)
o
o
C Ope 11.2
(
To A 20
P
NF P

EMERGENCY MANUAL STARTING

PROCEDURE - NFPA 20 (11.6.6)

C
F
C

Cooling Water

Fuel

Crank

EMERGENCY
MANUAL
STARTING
PROCEDURE
(11.6.6)

CUMMINS

SET at 120 % of
Rated RPM *****

NOTE !

#1

COOLING
WATER

#2
FUEL

#3
CRANK

BE SURE THAT YOU

KNOW WHERE
THE OVERSPEED
RESET IS ON
EVERY TYPE OF
ENGINE THAT YOU
SELL or INSTALL !!
INSTRUCT THE
OWNERS
REPRESENTATIVE
OR OPERATOR.

#1

For EMERGENCY
OPERATION of ANY ENGINE
the by-pass AND normal
COOLING WATER VALVES must
ALL be - OPEN !

With Newer Engines, the toggle switch, when in MANUAL

will turn on both FUEL and COOLING WATER

#2

#3

CRANK

BATTERY 1 or 2

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

74

NFPA 20 (11.5.3)
Exhaust pipes
shall be installed
with clearances of
at least 9 to
combustible
material.

Insulate or guard exhaust

pipe???

NFPA 20
(11.5.3.3)

NOTE: Victaulic
fittings with
rubber gaskets ?
FLEX CONNECTOR
MAX.
MISALIGNMENT ??

Exhaust Fan and Air Intake Louver

NFPA 20
(11.3.2.4)

MAX 120
degrees F

NFPA 20
(11.3.2.3)

Fuel
Return

(12.4.1.3 - 11) Tank must

be kept 2/3 full !

NOTE : UL Listed tanks must

have a metal UL
nameplate attached to the
tank !

LOOK FOR IT !

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

80

Top 5% and bottom 5% of

tank volume is not used in
determining capacity of tank.
NFPA 20 8-4.3 (11.4) *

Bottom 5%

FUEL Tank Drains

NFPA 20
A-8-4.6 (A.11.4.6)

Fuel Supply Valve

locked in OPEN
position NFPA 20
A-8-4.6 (A.11.4.6)

NEW: 2003
NFPA 20
(11.4.6.2)
Fuel lines
no copper
or
galvanized

The fuel supply

opening to the engine
shall be no lower
than the engine fuel
pump centerline.
NFPA 20 (11.4.5.4)

Fuel
Return

Fuel Level
(11.4.5.7)

Fuel tank capacity

Low Fuel
Switch *
SET AT 2/3
(12.4.1.3)

NFPA 20 (11.4.3) *

Tank location inside NFPA 20 (11.4.5.6)

Fill and vent piping STATE
NFPA
20
(11.4.5.8)
of OHIO
FIRE
SCHOOL - BGSU

83

The flash arrester

should be a minimum
11- 0 above the top
of the fuel tank NFPA
20 (A.11.4.6)

10

NOTE : Dual Flash

Arresters
(VENTS) for
DOUBLE WALL
Fuel Tanks !

Tank Fill SHOULD BE Piped

to the outside
(A.11.4.5)

5 PSI Hydro-test at the JOB ??

To
Engine

Some LAHJ REQUIRE a containment dike,

even when a double wall tank is provided !

CHECK and LEARN

THE LOCAL CODES !

#8

Vertical In-Line Fire Pump

Suction
Inlet

ALL Pump Rooms are

Required to have a FLOOR
DRAIN!!! (5.12.6.2)
Circulation CASE Relief
Valve Piped To A Floor
Drain. (5.11)*

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL -

Packing Drain
Lines Run to a
Floor Drain. Do
not combine
with case relief
valve piping! !!
BGSU (5.11.1.5) 89

#9

NOTE STRAINER!

10 p
i
dia. pe
??

NFPA 20 (6.3.4)
NOTE: Strainer requirement
was removed after 2007STATE
!

of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

90

NO SUCTION STRAINER ?? WHY NOT ?

STATE of OHIO

(6.3.4) A Hand Hole is NOT a

Strainer!! Could You Get Rocks
and Boards out of this small

FIRE
SCHOOL
91
PIPE
PLUG- BGSU
opening ??

Could YOU get this stuff out of a PIPE PLUG

OPENING in the bottom of an Inline Fire Pump ?
Could this be why a strainer Is REQUIRED ?

Vertical Turbine Fire Pump

NFPA 20 (7.4.1)

Motor HP and
THRUST limits must
meet or exceed
those of the Fire
Pump. CHECK !
(7.5.1.1) (9.5.2)

#10
NOTE: Automatic air release
NFPA 20 (7.3.5.2.3) SHALL BE
Located between the fire pump and
the discharge check valve. *

NOTE: Automatic air release SHALL BE Located

in the highest point in the discharge line, between
the fire pump and the discharge check valve. NFPA
STATE of OHIO FIRE
20 (7.3.5.2.3)
*

SCHOOL - BGSU

95

NFPA 20

(7.6.2.3)

ACCESS FOR REMOVAL ?

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

96

NFPA 20 ( 7.4.3.7 )
I beams must be parallel
to the driver !

One degree of off-set is the preferred

angle, per drive shaft manufacturers!!
NFPA 20 (6.5)
(7.5.1.7.2)
STATE of OHIO
FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

99

#11

CHECK the pump HP and THRUST requirements.

CHECK the gear HP and THRUST limits.
CHECK the engine HP rating.
THIS MUST BE DONE BEFORE THE PUMP IS
ORDERED !! ( 7.5.1.6.4 )

NFPA 20 (7.6.1.3)

Top Shaft Nut is

used to raise
shaft and
impellers
approximately
1/8 inch. (see
instruction
book)

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

101

Screen openings equal to 1

sq. in. for every GPM
(pump capacity at 150%)
(at LOWEST Water LEVEL)
NFPA 20 (5.14.8)

#12

Confirm proper
submergence
(Pump Length) *

Water Vel,
2/sec Max

*
Water Vel.
1/sec Max

NFPA 20 (A.7.2.2.2) (5.14.8)

(7.2.2.2)

Removable screens NFPA 20 (5.14.8.3)

Intake size NFPA 20 (5.14.8.4)

Removable screens NFPA 20 A4-2.2.2 (5.14.8.3)

Intake size NFPA 20 A4-2.2
(5.14.8.4)

With a vertical turbine fire

pump a plugged screen will
affect the water level in the
sump and a plugged basket
strainer on the bottom of the
pump will reduce the total
pump performance.

NFPA 20

2003

Zebra Mussel Infestation

(5.14.8.12)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
106

VTFP INTAKE PROBLEMS..

Removable screens NFPA 20 A4-2.2.2 (5.14.8.3)
Intake size ???
NFPA 20 A4-2.2 (5.14.8.4)
2 ft/sec and
1 Sq. Inch per
GPM at
150% Flow ?

Pond Maintenance
-ORLack of !!!

Proper pond
Maintenance

PART 2
FIRE PUMP
Acceptance Testing
In The State of
OHIO

FIRE PUMP ACCEPTANCE TEST

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

Check for company and individual LICENSING.

Check for HYDRO and FLUSHING CERTIFICATES.
Check for CERTIFIED shop test curve vs. SYSTEM DEMAND.
Has the pump been properly ALIGNED and PRE-TESTED???
Record all pump, driver, and controller data. (HP, VOLTAGE, etc.)
Look system oversensing lines, reducers, piping , water supply.
Check for CERTIFICATE of CALIBRATION for test equip. (SAFE??)
Decide in advance just what is to take place during the test
Operate the pump at churn (no flow).temp., brgs., packing, etc.
Record PSI, RPM, AMPS, VOLTS, (compare and plot results).
Operate the pump at additional flow points 50%, 100%, 150%,.
Record PSI, RPM, AMPS, VOLTS, (compare and plot results).
6 AUTO Starts and 6 MANUAL Starts. (One Full Load Start)
Controller and Driver alarms connected / tested (electric and diesel)
Start and Stop PSI for Main Fire Pump and Jockey Pump.
Low Suction Control Set Point AND Alarm Connected???
Operators trained in maintenance and weekly testing???
Review test results - ASK QUESTIONS!!!!!! Do it again ???
STOP!!!! Dont accept it if the data is not CORRECT!!!!

1. Check for company and

individual LICENSING as
REQUIRED by STATE or LAHJ.
CHECK EVERYONE who touches the
equipmentpump guy, fitters, controller
guy, and engine guy!!! They all must have
a license to service, test, repair, or install
any fire protection equipment in the State
of Ohio.
Compare with drivers license..
Check every year..
RECORD the information.

RECORD NAMES OF ALL FIELD

ACCEPTANCE TEST PERSONNEL
(LAHJ) FIRE DEPT OFFICIAL

OWNERS REPRESENTATIVE
MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL
INSTALLING CONTRACTOR
AUTHORIZED FIRE PUMP REP
AUTHORIZED CONTROLLER REP
AUTHORIZED ENGINE REP
INSURANCE REPRESENTATIVE

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

114

1. Check for HYDRO and

FLUSHING CERTIFICATES.
NFPA 20 11-1.1 (14.1)
Was the Underground and Aboveground piping
installed, flushed, and hydro-tested by a Licensed
contractor ?
Did YOU witness flushing and hydro-test??
Did installing contractor OFFER to have you witness
the above and provide you with the mandatory test
certificates NFPA 20 11-1.3 (14.1.3)
Someone had to sign and witness (WHO ??)
NO TEST CERTIFICATES???? WHY NOT???
NFPA 20 (14.1.3)
What happens when the pump plugs with rocks or a
pipe fitting blows apart?????

NFPA 20 (14.1.1.1)

FLUSHING

Table (14.1.1.1[a]) Minimum Flush Rates.

Contractor may have a calculated system
demand which, if greater, will require higher
flush rates than those listed below.
Pipe Size
in. mm
4
102
6
152
8
203
10 254
12 305

Flow Rate
gpm
590
1,360
2,350
3,670
5,290

L/min
2,233
5,148
8,895
13,891
20,023

ROCKS IN IMPELLER
Was this system properly flushed?? NFPA 20 (14.1)

System was flushed for 2 hours with 3 hoses !

Problem : Hoses were garden hoses !!!

3. Check for PUMP CERTIFIED

SHOP TEST CURVE. Compare
it to the SYSTEM DEMAND.
NFPA 20 2-16 and 11-2.3 (14.2.4)

Find out how many GPM are required and

how much PSI is needed to make the
sprinkler system work Will the fire
pump and water supply do it ?
Fire Pumps are selected for SYSTEM
DESIGNS which can utilize any pump
flow up to 150% of rated capacity.
NFPA 20 2-3 and A-2-3 (5.8)

Sample Pump Curve

4. Has the Pump and Driver

been ALIGNED, LUBRICATED,
and PRE-TESTED???
Pump and driver MUST be field-aligned
NFPA 20 3-5 (6.5.2) and pre-tested PRIOR to
the field acceptance test - includes electrical
NFPA 20 (14.2.3) so that inspectors time is
not wasted standing around.. MANY
jurisdictions charge an additional fee if retesting is required due to problems with a
system which has not been pre-tested prior
to the acceptance test!!!!

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

124

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

125

GAP MUST BE
EQUAL - TOP TO
BOTTOM AND
SIDE TO SIDE.
Within .005

Angular
Alignment

USE OF DIAL
INDICATORS OR
LASERS IS
PREFERRED.

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

126

NOTE : The
coupling halves
should remain
disconnected
until rotation
has been
checked!

Parallel alignment should be less than .005

VERTICAL
STATEand
of OHIO HORIZONTAL
FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
127

FALK
Steelflex
Coupling

AFTER alignment and

rotation have been
checked the coupling
should be lubricated
and re-assembled.
Be sure to check the
set screws for
tightness
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
128

After checking the alignment, leave the pump and

driver uncoupled until after rotation check !
Pump rotation should be checked with the
coupling not connected..*

4 Year Old
Pump

Pump was 6 % Low.

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

130

NOTE: The quarter on a

properly installed, grouted,
aligned, and lubricated
fire pump!!!
125 HP, 1760 RPM Motor in operation,
NO VIBRATION !
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL
- BGSU
NFPA
20

( 14.2.6 )131

After greasing be
sure to check
torque of ALL bolts
and set screws !

Add Grease
slowly !
Check For
Excess Grease

NOTE: Insert
clean grease
slowly until old
grease is forced
out of the drain
hole with PLUG
REMOVED !!

NOTE : Operate the

pump for 15 30 min.
before replacing the
plug !

Gear oil full ?

Check it !
Motor oil full ?
Check it !

What oil did they use ??

ASK !!

Coolant level full ?

Engine Lube
Oil and
Coolant
Checked ?
Engine Guy ?

HAS THE PUMP

BEEN PRE-TESTED ??
Is it required ?

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

136

5. RECORD all equipment data:

pump, driver, and controller. (HP,
RPM, VOLTAGE, SN, etc.)
Are the fire pump, driver, and controller
ALL UL
UL listed or FM
FM approved????

CHECK THE NAME PLATES !!!

Motor and controller voltage and HP must
be the same!!! 200 volt is not the same
as 230 volt!!! The required pump HP must
not exceed the driver rated HP X 1.15 SF!!!

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

139

Incoming Power Supply (voltage) MUST

Be the SAME as the Main Fire Pump
Controller AND the UL Listed Fire Pump
Motor !! NFPA 20 (9.1.3)
NFPA 70 Article 695 CHECK IT !!*

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

140

THE AVAILABLE POWER MUST

MATCH THE FIRE PUMP MOTOR
NAMEPLATE AND CONTROLLER
NAMEPLATE VOLTAGES - LOOK FOR
CHANGED OR ALTERED
NAMEPLATES THAT ATTEMPT TO
COVER UP A MISTAKE !!!!

NFPA 20 (10.3.4.4)
Means shall be provided on
the exterior of the
controller for measuring all
line amps and volts.

Is it SAFE? Is it CORRECT?
Power, sensing lines, reducers,
UL/FM piping , water supply.
supply
Jockey and main fire pump must each have a separate
sensing line with 2 ea. 3/32 orifices located at least 5 0
apart . `NFPA 20 7-5.2.1 and appendix!! (10.5.2.1.6)
Case relief valve (electric fire pumps) piped to a REQUIRED
floor drain in the pump room??? NFPA 20 2-6.1 and 2-7.6
(5.12.6.2)

Do not pipe Case Relief Valve discharge and Packing Drain lines
together into a common drain line (5.11.1.5)

Pump coupling and guard secured???

IS THIS A CONFINED SPACE????

Is the TEST SET UP (test hoses, rack,
and play pipes) pump location SAFE?

OSHA APPROVED ???

Would
YOU go
down here
to test this
pump????

NFPA 25
and

( A.5.12) DRAINAGE and VENTILATION

)

4.7.1
A.4.8

NOTE : This fire pump

develops 165 psi at churn !
The class 125 fittings are
good for a maximum
working pressure of 175 psi.
(5.7.4.1)

Note : Rods on
transition piece!!
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

146

Look at the pipe

fittings !!
This pump installation
develops 213 PSI at
churn.
A 125 lb flanged fitting
is rated at 175 PSI
maximum working
pressure !! NFPA 20
(5.7.4.1)

NO RODS !!!
SAFE ??
NFPA 13 15.1.6.1.1
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

147

Test Header outside

of the pump house or
IN the pump room
?
NFPA 20 (A.5.19.3.1)

TEST HEAD ??

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

148

PRESSURE
RECORDER

Has the Voltage Been Checked ??

Check NFPA 70E and NFPA 25 A.4.8
WHERE DOES THE POWER COME FROM ?
IS THERE ANOTHER DISCONNECT OR
FUSES ???

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

149

Each Fire Pump Controller MUST have ITS

OWN Pressure Sensing Line and Pressure
Recorder
NFPA 20 (10.5.2.1.6) and (12.5.2.1.6) *

NOTE: Main fire pump

controller sensing line is
connected between the
pump discharge check
valve and the system shut
- off valve. (10.5.2.1.6)

NFPA 20
(10.5.2.1.6)
Pressure
Recorder
MISSING!

NFPA 20 10.5.2.1*
One sensing line
Two (2) CONTROLLERS ??

One sensing line for 3 controllers ??

Pressure Recorder

Each fire pump controller must have its own recorder !! (10.5.2.1.6)

*On the pump suction, a listed OSY valve is

required: no valve, other than a listed OSY valve
is allowed within 50 feet of the pump suction
flange NFPA 20 (5.14.5.2)*
*When located in the suction pipe of a fire pump,
back flow prevention devices, check valves, and
pipeline strainers (for in-line pumps) shall be no
closer than 10 pipe diameters from the pump
suction flange.
flange NFPA 20 (5.14.6.3.1) (5.26.3)*

OSY
Valve

NOTE ROTATION ?

SUCTION

Counter-Clockwise
LEFT Hand *
Impeller Turns
Toward The Suction !

Have The Wire

Connections Been
Checked By the
Electrician and/or
Controller Guy ?
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

156

(5.14.6.4)

! Elbows and tees with a centerline

plane parallel to a horizontal split-case
pump shaft shall be avoided. See
Figure A-2-9.6. (5.14.6.3.1)
If there is a parallel elbow : YOU
MUST HAVE 10 PIPE DIAMETERS
of STRAIGHT PIPE BETWEEN THE
ELBOW AND PUMP SUCTION
FLANGE (5.14.6.3.2)
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

157

OSY
Suction
Valve

NOTE: Backflow Preventer!

NOTE: The long straight run of
suction pipe after a
HORIZONTAL 90 DEGREE
ELBOW !
More than 10 pipe diameters ?
(5.14.6.3.2)

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

158

OSY
Valve

NOTE STRAINER!
NFPA 20 3-3.4 (6.3.4)

10 p
i
dia. pe
??

Have The Wire Connections been

Checked at BOTH The Engine and
Controller ???

Wires Correct and Terminals TIGHT

Dual
Batteries

Batteries Properly Connected and

Electrolyte Topped Off ?? USE CAUTION
WHEN FILLING AND CONNECTING
LEAD ACID BATTERIES !!!

DO NOT USE FORKED

CONNECTORS FM F27-92

7. Check for CERTIFICATE of

CALIBRATION for test equip.
TEST GAUGES and CLAMP-ON VOLT/AMMETERS should be recalibrated and certified every 12 months (by an approved testing and
calibration facility).Most never get calibrated and certified ! NFPA 20
(A.14.2.7.1)

TEST GAUGES will have an accuracy of;

0.25%
0.5%

(ASME Grade 3A)

or sometimes(ASME Grade 2A) pocket TEST GAUGES or inspectors

TEST GAUGES.

DEMAND a Certificate of Calibration from an approved testing and

calibration facility then- Check and Verify the Serial Numbers! If you
suspect a problem, write down the phone number of the calibration
facility and phone them!!

Look for TEST GAUGE on the dial.

Calibrated TEST GAUGES

plus CALIBRATION
DOCUMENTATION as per
NFPA 20 A-11-2.6.1
(A.14.2.7.1)

8. Decide in advance just what is

to take place during the testing.
WHO WILL TAKE CHARGE ?
What test equipment will be used ?
What flow points (PITOTS) will be targeted ?
Who will do what ????
TAKE THE PITOT READINGS ?
ADJUST and HOLD THE TEST VALVES ?
TAKE PRESSURE AND RPM READINGS ?
RECORD and PLOT THE TEST RESULTS ?
TAKE THE ELECTRICAL READINGS ?

PRE RUN EQUIPMENT CHECK LIST ??

SOMEONE HAS
TO TAKE CHARGE
OF THE PUMP
TEST ?
Will It Be The Sprinkler
Guy, The Local Fire
Official, The Pump Guy,
The Insurance Guy, or
The Owners Rep ?

SOMEONE HAS TO
STEP UP TO THE
PLATE !!

FLOW TEST EQUIPMENT

FLOW METER
When a flow meter is
used, you must have an
air vent valve or auto air
release valve to eliminate
ALL air from the flow
meter piping !

10 X D

4XD

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

170

<FM> Short Play Pipe

1 1/8 Nozzle

1 Nozzle

Underwriters Play Pipe

Pitot
Tube

FREE FLOW WITH HOSES AND PLAYPIPES

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

172

Each additional pitot

tube, used during the
test, will increase the
chance for error!
Use 1 pitot tube and 1
gauge which has
been checked prior to
the start of the test!

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

173

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

174

In Areas where water shortages exist,

the test water can be discharged back
the
!
STATE of to
OHIO
FIREstored
SCHOOL - supply
BGSU
175

THERBOLIZER 6

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

176

Test Header
arranged to SAFELY
discharge directly to
the Pond

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

177

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

178

What Flow Points Will Be Targeted?

CHURN
APressure

RATED 100% FLOW 1

Hose, Pitot of 32 PSI

% FLOW
C 2150
Hoses, Pitots
of 18 PSI

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

179

<FM> FLOW CHART

Who will observe

and record the
test results ??
To determine (H)
(net PSI) subtract
Suction PSI from
Discharge PSI
150 PSI
50 PSI

100 PSI

231 (ft)

To determine
FEET of HEAD
multiply (H)
(net PSI) X 2.31*

WHO

Will Take The

Pitot Readings ??
Does that person know
the CORRECT Procedure ?STATE

of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

182

To Obtain a
Correct
Pressure
Reading With A
Pitot Tube, It
MUST Be
Held In The
Center of The
Flow Stream
And It MUST
Be Kept
Perpendicular
To the Flow
Stream

Hold The HOSE TEST VALVES After the

Pitot Readings have been obtained.

Will These Hose Valves Vibrate or Chatter Open ?

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

184

NFPA 70E and

OSHA 1910.333

NEC Digest - Feb. 2006

Only QUALIFIED

persons are
permitted to work on
or near LIVE
exposed parts of
electrical equipment.

3.

Distinguish live parts.

(WHATS HOT, WHATS NOT ?)

4.

Determine nominal voltage and

protection required.

5.

Determine the minimum

required safe clearance or safe
working distances.
(4 feet / 12 inches ) *

ARC-FLASH
12 Inches
MINIMUM

OSHA may cite non-compliance with

29CFR 1910.335(a)(1)(i) which requires
the use of protective equipment when working
where a potential electrical hazard does
exist.**
-OR-

29CFR 1910.132(d)(1), which requires

employer assessment of workplace hazards

and the use of personal protective equipment.
These regulations are supported by NFPA 70E.
NFPA 70E, is NOT LAW, however, it helps
employers by providing education, guidance,
and how-to for compliance.

FIRE PUMP PRE-RUN CHECK LIST

LAST CHANCE - PRIOR TO TEST
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM
CONFIRM

THAT PUMP BASE IS PROPERLY GROUTED

THAT ALL EQUIPMENT IS ALIGNED AND LUBRICATED
THAT COUPLING GUARDS ARE INSTALLED
CASE RELIEF, AIR RELEASE, COOLING WATER ALL CORRECT
THAT POWER IS CORRECT and ON
THAT WATER IS AVAILABLE and ON (PUMP PRIMED)
THAT PUMP HAS PROPER ROTATION
THAT VALVES ARE IN CORRECT POSITION FOR TESTING
SAFE TEST SET UP (HOSES, PLAYPIPES, WATER DISPOSAL)

CONFIRM THAT SYSTEM PRESSURE IS AT OR ABOVE EXPECTED FIRE

PUMP CHURN PRESSURE (USE THE JOCKEY PUMP)
-OR-

IT IS PREFERABLE TO ISOLATE THE SYSTEM

CLOSE THE DISCHARGE
(SYSTEM) VALVE
KEEP IT CLOSED DURING FLOW TESTING
! **

Base is not
grouted!!!
(6.4.1)

Gear Oil Full ?

Double Check
It !
Motor Oil Full ?
Check It !

LAST CHANCE !!!

What Oil Did They

Use ?? ASK !!

Is The Engine Oil and

Coolant Correct ?
Checked By Engine Guy ??
Block
Heater
Working ??
120 Degrees F
(11.6.5.2)

NOTE : Guard Is In Place !

NFPA 20 (5.12.7) **

NOTE : Cooling
Water For Gear
Connected !
Flow Visible ??
(7.5.1.6.5)

ENGINE
COOLING WATER ON

IS THE POWER ON ??

Has the Voltage Been CONFIRMED and

controller digital readout (amps/volts)
compared to readings taken with a
CALIBRATED hand held amp / volt
multimeter ??

Supply OSY Valve OPEN, Water

Available, and pump primed ??

NOTE ROTATION ?
Clockwise / Right Hand
Impeller Turns Toward
The Suction ! **

SUCT ION

This Pump
Base Has
Been Properly
Grouted !
(6.4.1)

FIRE PUMP
TEST HEAD
OUTSIDE ! !
Hose valves
closed and
hoses
connected ?

Playpipes secured so water can be SAFELY

disposed of during flow testing ??

System Pressure at or
above EXPECTED
Fire Pump Churn
Pressure -orDischarge (System)
Valve CLOSED During
the Flow Test ??**

Outside Hose
Valves Closed ??

OPEN Test
Header Valve

1/2 Test
Head Drain
Valve
Closed ??
(Bottom of
Test Head
Pipe ! )

TEST HEAD
CONTROL
VALVE OPEN
FOR TEST ???

TEST HEAD
DRAIN VALVE
CLOSED FOR
TEST !

9. Operate the pump at CHURN PSI

(POINT A on CURVE)

Momentarily Operate the Pump - Check for

rotation, vibration, pressures, leaks, unusual sounds.

Start The Pump Again:

Check the pump for vibration, temperature,

case relief valve operation (Electric) or cooling water
flow (Diesel), bearing temp, packing leakage, pump
pressures, RPM, Electrical (Controller Guy), etc.
DO NOT stand in front of electrical panels or motor
junction boxes and keep the controller doors closed
during the initial starts (THINK SAFETY - 4 Foot Rule).
Note the test start time
time Pump must be operated for
AT LEAST ONE HOUR for ENTIRE acceptance test !
NFPA 20 11-2.11 ( 14.2.12 )

Packing and bearings

SHOULD stay cool or
warm to the touch!!
(14.2.5)

PACKING LEAKAGE: 1 2
Drops per second +/Adjust as Needed Turn !

Does the pump and

motor stay COOL ?
(14.2.5)

Packing Drain
Lines Piped to a
Floor Drain !!

Case Relief Valve

FULL Stream
Discharge To an
Open Floor Drain ?

10. Record Churn PSI Readings,

RPM, AMPS, VOLTS,
Look at the factory shop test curve and plot the
Churn Pressure in feet of head,
head (no-flow POINT A).
How close is it ???? NFPA 20 11-2.3 ( 14.2.4.2 )
NOTE: Some pumps will require a correction for
(RPM) speed !!! NFPA 20 A-11-2.6.3 ( A.14.2.7.3.f )
REMEMBER THIS - TO GET FEET OF HEAD !!
1 PSI = 2.31 FEET OF HEAD
-or.433 PSI = 1 FOOT OF HEAD

CHURN
APressure

11. Operate the pump at additional TARGETED

flow points : 50%, 100%,
150%, Etc.
With the hose valves closed, SLOWLY open test head valve
to pressurize test head (If it is not already open and
pressurized). (DISCHARGE (SYSTEM) VALVE and TEST
HEAD DRAIN VALVE SHOULD ALREADY BE CLOSED)
Open and adjust appropriate number of hose valves to
obtain each targeted flow point (PITOT). You should
already know how many hose streams and what Pitot
Readings will be required to obtain EACH Targeted
Flow point!!
Double check pitot readings, do not allow hose valves to
vibrate open after obtaining the targeted pitot readings, and
make sure that there are NO kinks in the hoses !!!
NOTE: On High Pressure Systems (above 150 PSI) it may be
desirable to Open the proper number of hose valves and regulate the
pitot pressures with the Test Header Control Valve.
AVERAGE the pitot readings (NO MATTER HOW CAREFUL YOU
ARE, ALL OF THE PITOT READINGS WILL NOT BE THE SAME) !!

12. Record PSI, RPM, AMPS,

VOLTS, (compare and plot
results on the factory curve).
Do the field test results duplicate the factory shop test curve
for EACH flow point ??? NFPA 20 11-2.3 ( 14.2.4.2)
If any results are OFF Double Check PITOT Readings?
Correct for RPM ? ( On Small Pumps check the Case Relief
Valve flow. The case relief discharge flow could be as much
as 5% to 10% of the rated flow of smaller pumps !! )
If Total Head (Net PSI)
PSI is STILL low, do we need to correct
for velocity head? Triple Check PITOT Readings, hose
valves vibrating open, gauge piping plugged, RPM low???
AS A LAST RESORT : before you pull the cover to check
for rocks - retest using a backup set of calibrated TEST
GAUGES and backup pitot tube with gauge!

RATED 100% FLOW

1 Hose, Pitot of 32 PSI

C 150 % FLOW
2 Hoses, Pitots
of 18 PSI

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

208

LOW TEST RESULTS ? WHY ?

Are there any kinks

in the hoses??
Hose Valves
Vibrating Open ?

Is this guy doing his job ?

Did Someone Stay Outside to Adjust and Hold

The HOSE VALVES (especially ANGLE Valves) to
Keep Them From Vibrating Open ?

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

210

DOUBLE or TRIPLE Check

Pitot Readings !!

CONFIRM Pitot Gauge

accuracy prior to testing !

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

211

Check pitot tube and

gauge for fouling , which
might occur during test?

Half of all field

test problems
involve the
USE of, or the
MIS-USE of,
Hose Monsters

Each additional pitot

tube, used during the
test, will increase the
chance for error!
Use 1 pitot tube and 1
gauge which has been
checked prior to the
start of the test!

Calibrated Test Gauges

(
liquid filled gauges are NOT Test gauges )*

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

214

Gauge connection
piping must have a full
flow when flushed
(checked) PRIOR to
flow testing of the
fire pump.
Check for an
obstruction during
testing, if test results
are not correct !

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

215

DO NOT
connect test
gauges to
case relief
valve piping !

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

216

On small fire pumps the

case relief valve
discharge may be as
much as 10% of the
rated flow - if it has not
shut off during the test.

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

217

Main system relief

valve must be closed
for testing !**
Failure to do so will
result in low (POOR)
test results !

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

218

(5.14)

PIPE SIZE ?
NFPA 20
(5.14.3.4)

! Elbows and tees with a centerline

plane parallel to a horizontal split-case
pump shaft shall be avoided. See
Figure A-2-9.6. (5.14.6.3.1)
If there is a parallel elbow : YOU
MUST HAVE 10 PIPE DIAMETERS
of STRAIGHT PIPE BETWEEN THE
ELBOW AND PUMP SUCTION
FLANGE (5.14.6.3.2)**
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

219

Curve will continue

to drop off as the
flow increases

Impeller is not
centered in the case.

Pump Not
De-burred

VTFP Best Lateral Setting

Top Shaft Nut is
used to raise shaft
and impellers
approximately
1/8 inch. (see
instruction book)

LOW
PERFORMANCE
MAY RESULT IF
LATERAL IS NOT
CORRECT ! 225
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

Check Submergence
(MEASURE) how far
down (feet) the
water level is from
the gauge center
line, at each flow
point !
REMEMBER : This
must be added to
the reading ( TH )
on the discharge
TEST GAUGE !

ADD +
WL ??

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

226

VTFP INTAKE PROBLEMS..

Removable screens NFPA 20 A4-2.2.2 (5.14.8.3)
Intake size ???
NFPA 20 A4-2.2 (5.14.8.4)
2 ft/sec and
1 Sq. Inch per
GPM at
150% Flow ?

Removable screens? Check

for fouling (build-up)
! OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
STATE of

229

With a vertical
turbine fire pump
a plugged screen
will affect
(lower) the water
level in the sump!
Check (measure)
the water level in
the sump during
each and every
flow point !

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

230

A plugged basket strainer on

the bottom of the pump will
reduce the total pump
performance.

Underwater Inspection of Basket Strainer

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

232

13. * 6 AUTO starts

and 6 MANUAL starts *
(one FULL LOAD start)
When an electric fire pump is provided with an automatic
transfer switch, at least half of the starts should be performed
while the fire pump is connected to the emergency power
source (with one start under peak load). **

NFPA 20 (14.2.8) (14.2.7.4) **

When a diesel driven fire pump is provided, the starts shall be
divided between both sets of batteries.

NFPA 20 (14.2.8.7)
NOTE: Pumps should be operated for 5 Min. for each
start (This will allow the Motor and Controller time to
Cool Down)

1. Controller and Driver alarms

connected, tested, and
demonstrated + low suction
A. Electric requires Power Available, Phase Reversal, Pump
Running, and Controller Connected to Alt. Source ..
NFPA 20 (10.4.7.2)
(These are TROUBLE
TROUBLE or SUPERVISORY alarms)
alarms
B. Diesel engine is much more involved..* Engine Trouble High temp, low oil pressure, over crank - fail to start,
charger fail, battery fail, over speed, low fuel, Switch Not
in Auto, and Engine Run.NFPA 20 (12.6.7.3)
(These are TROUBLE
TROUBLE or SUPERVISORY alarms)
alarms
Pressure Recorder Installed / Operational ???
EACH Fire Pump Controller is required to be furnished
with a pressure recorder. (ELECTRONIC or CHART TYPE)
NFPA 20 (10.5.2.1.6 and 12.6.9.1)

Main Fire Pump and Jockey Pump.

Use a TEST GAUGE to
confirm set points.
NFPA
20 A-11-2.6 (A.14.2.7)
Jockey STOP = Fire Pump churn pressure plus (+)
lowest static suction pressure !
Jockey START = Jockey Stop PSI less (-) 10 PSI
Fire Pump START = Jockey Start less (-) 5 10 PSI
MANUAL Fire Pump STOP = ( Must be used when Fire
Pump is a sole supply pump) !
- or - (if permitted by L.A.H.J.)
AUTOMATIC Fire Pump STOP = (Fire Pump churn +
lowest static suction)

Joc
ke y
P um
p

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

239

Near The Maximum

R
/O
At
P
O
ST
to
Set Jockey Pump
ain Fire Pump !!
M
e
th
of
re
su
es
Pr
(CHURN) Discharge
- 20 PSI Less
10
at
T
R
A
ST
To
Set Jockey Pump

Jockey Pu
mp Contro
l
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

240

16. Low Suction Shut Down

Panel/Device Listed, Tested
AND Alarm Connected ?
Required by some states to protect the public water supply, when it is
used as the main water source.
Set to lock out the fire pump at 20 PSI, after a 30 second delay - with
manual re-set only (OHIO) and ALARM must be monitored (5.23).
(5.23)
Must be FM or UL listed for Fire Protection Equipment
not UL Industrial !!
NFPA 13 15.1.8.3

Is the EQUIPMENT or DEVICE listed in the UL or FM

Directory for Fire Protection Equipment ?

CHECK THE BOOK !

See if you
can find this
low suction
control
listed in the
UL or FM
Directory
for Fire
Protection
Equipment
???

See if you can

find this low
suction
DEVICE listed
in the UL or FM
Directory for Fire
Protection
Equipment ??

Ohio EPA and Ohio Department of Health

CHECK WITH YOUR LAHJ ?

Suction Control Valve

Should be located
between the pump
discharge and the
discharge check valve !

Sensing line for suction control valve

and/or low suction shut down panel

should be at least (Copper, 300

Stainless, or Brass) and include provision

UL/FM Suction
Control Valve
In the State of Ohio
a UL or FM Listed
low suction shut
down control is
required to protect
a public water
supply this is in
addition to any
suction control
valve (which may
ALSO be required
by others) .

Suction
Pressure
sensing
line !

NFPA 13 - Chapter 15
15.1.8* Connection from Waterworks System.
15.1.8.1 Where connections are made from public waterworks systems, it
might be necessary to guard against possible contamination of the public
supply.
15.1.8.2 The requirements of the public health authority having jurisdiction
shall be determined and followed.

FIND OUT WHAT YOUR STATE or CITY REQUIRES !!

NFPA 13 15.1.8.3 Where equipment is installed to guard

against possible contamination of the public water system, such
EQUIPMENT and DEVICES SHALL be listed for
FIRE PROTECTION SERVICE.
SERVICE

17. Operators trained in required

maintenance, weekly operation,
testing, and record keeping ???
Did the pump rep provide a weekly check
list and go over the required weekly
testing, maintenance, and inspections of
the pump, driver, and controller ???
NFPA 20 (14.3 ) NFPA 25 4.1 - 4.3
If not, he is not doing his job!!!
Weekly Check list should include those
items required by NFPA 25 Chapter 8.
8

Develop a check list

of your own for
both electric and
diesel Fire
Pumps.
-OR-

Make a copy of
NFPA 25, Chapter 8
for the owner or his
representative to
use as a guide for
weekly checks.
TRAIN THEM !!

Review ALL Required Weekly/Annual Maintenance

NOTE: Clean Grease

Forced out of the
Drain hole with
PLUG REMOVED !!

Check For
Excess
Grease

Annual
Alignment
Check

AFTER alignment has

been re-checked
(ANNUALLY) the
coupling should be
lubricated and reassembled. Be sure
to check the set
screws for tightness
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU
254

HAVE
THESE
FOLKS
BEEN
PROPERLY
TRAINED?

???
This is the ONLY WM case relief valve
on record, that had a tight shut off with
NO nuisance leakage - until they had to
buy a new pump !!
STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

256

EMERGENCY
MANUAL
STARTING
PROCEDURE
(11.6.6)

CUMMINS

SET at 120 % of
Rated RPM **

NOTE !

#1

COOLING
WATER

#2
FUEL

#3
CRANK

BE SURE THAT YOU

KNOW WHERE THE
OVERSPEED RESET
IS ON EVERY TYPE
OF ENGINE THAT
YOU SELL !!
INSTRUCT (TRAIN)
THE OWNERS
REPRESENTATIVE
OR OPERATOR.

STATE of OHIO FIRE SCHOOL - BGSU

257

18. Review test results

ASK QUESTIONS ! Do it
again if the results do not
look correct ???

Did the pump rep try to rush the testing????

Did the pump rep get nervous or defensive
when you questioned any of the results or test
procedures???
Were the PUMP test results at or above the
factory shop test curve and within %
(
the minimum accuracy of a CALIBRATED
TEST GAUGE ) ???
NFPA 20 (14.2.4.2)
Did the pump run for one hour (all testing)???
NFPA 20 (14.2.12)

19. STOP ! Dont accept it if

the pump test results do not
duplicate the shop test curve or
the system is not CORRECT !
L.A.H.J. ( INSPECTOR ) : YOUR NAME and
REPUTATION goes on the bottom line:
Approved and Accepted By:

NAME : .

FIRE PUMP

Annual FLOW TEST

1. Check for company and individual LICENSING.

2. Check for HYDRO and FLUSH CERTIFICATES (if work has been done).
3. Look system overhousekeeping, sensing lines, leaks, piping , etc.
4. Record all pump, driver, and controller data. (HP, VOLTAGE, etc.)
5. Has the pump been properly Maintained and ALIGNED ANNUALY??? (CHECK)
6. Review Records of weekly testing and maintenance that was performed.
7. Check for CERTIFICATE of CALIBRATION for ALL flow test equip. (SAFE??)
8. Decide in advance just what is to take place during the flow test.
9. Operate the pump at Churn (no flow).temp., brgs., packing, relief, etc.
10. Record Churn Test Results (compare with test results from previous year).
11. Operate the pump at additional flow points 100%, 150%,.
12. Record Test Results , compare with previous year ( within 5 % nameplate?).
13. 1 AUTO Start and 2 MANUAL Starts (One Full Load Start)
14. Controller and Driver alarms TESTED (electric and diesel) (CHECK)

15. Confirm Start and Stop PSI for Main Fire Pump and Jockey Pump.
16. Low Suction Control Operation, Set Point, Time Delay, AND Alarm TESTED ?
17. Review ALL results - ASK QUESTIONS!! - ANY CONCERNS?? - Do it again ?
18. STOP ! INVESTIGATE ! If the PUMP is more than 5 % below nameplate !