Index:

Contents:
1) Abstract 3
2) An overview of telecom industry in India 4
3) Acute need of energy management 7
4) Opportunity for expansion in rural areas 9
5) Wind solar hybrid system 11
6) Wind energy 13
7) Fuel cells 14
8) Global telecom EM and products 19
9) Fuel optimizer 21
10) AMF panel 23
11) Pune Visit 24
12) References 27

2
Abstract
THE energy intensive telecom industry has sought subsidies for use of green energy in
telecom sites. Telecom giants including Bharti Airtel, Reliance Communications, VSNL,
Tata Teleservices and BSNL have sought reduced levies on solar equipment and land at
concessional rates for operators that use renewable sources of energy for powering
their base stations, telephone exchanges and repeaters. The demand for incentivising
green energy stems from the need to have. Green shelters, which are made up of
thermal batteries, filterless air conditioning and a reflecting enclosure conserve up to
35% of the annual power consumption in telecom cell sites. By renewable energy
consumption we are not only becoming environment friendly, but also engaging and
providing business opportunities for clean energy companies. This report describes vast
potential for expansion of telecom companies in PAN India by bringing about efficient
usage of energy resources.

3
An overview of telecom industry in India: (Introduction)

Telecom industry has been revolutionized after the new national policy of 1991.
Liberalization, privatization and globalization has changed the face of the Indian
economy as a whole. After the introduction of this policy, many modifications were
made to the same policy. Indian government made telecom industry open to all the
private sector and thereby making room for better services and enhanced customer
satisfaction.

Governing authorities in India:

1) The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) of the Government of India is the main

governing body for the industry.
2) Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) assists the Government of India to take
timely decisions and introduce new technologies.
3) The Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT) was also
established in the same year.

4
Facts

1) Total telecom subscribers – 325.79 million (June 2008)

2) Tele density – 28.33 per cent (June 2008)
3) Quarterly addition of mobile subscribers (April–June
2008) – 25.80 million
4) Telecom subscribers annual growth rate (2007–08) - 44.79 percent
5) One of the biggest telecom markets in the world
6) Revenue Per User (ARPU) for GSM (June2008) – US$ 5.6.

Private players account for highest subscriber base growth in the basic telephony
services segment

• Government-owned Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (BSNL) and Mahanagar Telephone

Nigam Ltd. (MTNL) are the two largest operators in the wire line segment, whereas
Bharti Airtel Ltd. is the leader in wireless segment.
• MTNL has presence in Delhi and Mumbai, whereas BSNL covers the rest of the
country.
• Though private players, such as Bharti Airtel and Reliance, have registered notable
growth, BSNL still dominates the segment in terms of wire line.

Current market share holdings and revenue:

 Bharti Airtel has 24.3% customer market share and 33.8% revenue market share.
 Vodafone India has 18.8% customer market share and 20.7% revenue market
share.

5
  Idea Cellular has 11.2% subscribers market share and 12.1% revenue market
share
 BSNL has subscriber share of 12.7% and mere 10.2% of revenue share
 Reliance Communications is the worst performer with 18.9% customer market
share and pathetic 11.5% revenue market share.

According to Mobile India, BSNL seems to have a turnaround in its operations as the
company has added a 81% more subscribers in July-2009 , compared to June-2009.

6
Acute need of energy management: (Main Text)

Emissions of pollutants are on the rise along with energy consumption. The
International Energy Agency stated that, due to increased energy consumption during
the period from 1973 to 2005, combined emissions rose by 68% and CO2 emissions by
73%. 

There is currently a global concern about global warming caused specifically by the CO2
fueled greenhouse effect and the role that pollution plays in the weather and
environment. Some scientists say global warming is also intensifying naturally extreme
weather patterns like typhoons, floods, severe droughts, and changes in sea levels and
marine biology. Therefore, "green" movement in the telecom industry is essential to us
all. 

Many governments worldwide including China have taken action to cut energy
consumption and emissions. The "Eleventh Five-year Plan" proposes that by 2010,
energy consumption should be reduced by around 20% and total emissions cut by 10%.
Telecom turns "green" 

The energy consumed by core network equipment, power systems, switching/site

offices, data centers, and equipment like mobile terminals take up an increasingly larger
proportion in total energy consumption. The telecom industry has its share of social
responsibility and the entire industry is striving to conserve energy and reduce
emissions. 

In 2007, China Mobile launched the "Green Action Plan" focusing on energy
conservation and emission reduction, entering into a cooperative strategic agreement
with Huawei, three other mobile telecom equipment vendors, and some mainstream
accessory vendors. 

They will set up a special joint work team, create a new cooperative model focused on
energy conservation and emission reduction, and design a system with specified
conservation and emission reduction indicators. 

New technologies can minimize the amount, size and weight of equipment, will be more
integrated and consume less energy. Cooperative in-depth research will be conducted in
product design, R&D, production, testing, market demands and promotion. Selection of
components and upstream raw materials suppliers for energy conservation and
emission reduction, all lead ultimately to environmental protection and a superb team

7
effort. 

In the upcoming two or three years, substantial progress will be made. Consumption will
be cut and resources utilized efficiently to form a green industrial chain and the Blue
Ocean Strategy* (finding untapped market space) will be implemented throughout the
entire industry. 

8
Golden opportunities for telecom companies to expand in Rural areas:

Rural telecom is the next big market with about 70 per cent of country’s 1.2 billion
people concentrated in such areas. With as many as 50 per cent of the new subscriber
base coming from the rural areas, vendors such as Nokia-Siemens, Huawei and Alcatel-
Lucent are all introducing energy-efficient solutions.

Huawei: no air-conditioning

Mr A. Sethuraman, Executive Director, Huawei Telecommunications India. Huawei said,

“The technology used in rural areas should be of low power consumption, more reliance
on renewable source of energy such as solar and wind power.” The Chinese network
vendor is rolling out WiMax-based broadband infrastructure in 1,000 blocks across India
for BSNL. Huawei is using an architecture that saves power by not using air-conditioning.

Nokia: base stations

Equipment major Nokia-Siemens is targeting to use only energy-efficient base stations in

remote areas by 2011. The company claims these base stations can reduce power
consumption 70 per cent. “As mobile networks expand into the rural areas, we cannot
always rely on infrastructure, as power grids are not always reliable or readily available
and base station sites need to run autonomously. A sustainable alternative is to use
renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power,” says Mr Sandeep Bhargava,
Head-Corporate Affairs (APAC Region), Nokia-Siemens Networks India.

The company has collaborated with ACME Tele Power to create customised solutions
and to establish a joint development lab in India to examine future opportunities,
specifically around remote energy monitoring.

Franco-American major Alcatel-Lucent has a technology that switches off the network if
it detects no traffic. According to the company, this will allow savings of up to 25 per
cent on the total power consumed daily.

According to the Ministry of Power estimates, 37 per cent of the 1.78 lakh villages in the
country have no access to electricity. Of the villages that do have electricity, most suffer
from an erratic supply. Such problems push up costs for network vendors that have to
make alternate arrangements through generators.

9
The Department of Telecom recently launched a scheme from the Universal Services
Obligation giving Rs 50 lakh per installation, for mobile towers running on renewable
energy sources such as solar or wind.

10
Some renewable sources that would help telecom companies go green and their future
prospects:

1) Wind solar hybrid system:

Nature has given sunlight in abundance to mankind. Solar energy and wind energy are
mostly available throughout the year. Equipment working on solar and wind called
Wind- Solar Hybrid System can generate electricity. Solar energy is available only during
day-time whereas wind energy is available throughout the day depending upon the
atmospheric conditions

Wind and solar energy are complementary to each other, which makes the system to
generate electricity almost throughout the year. The main components of the Wind-
Solar Hybrid System are wind aero generator and tower, solar photovoltaic panels,
batteries, cables, charge controller and inverter.

The Wind -Solar Hybrid System generates electricity that can be used for charging
batteries and with the use of inverter we can run AC appliances. Wind aero generator is
installed on a tower having a minimum height of 18 mtrs. from the ground level.
Because of the height, the aerogenerator gets wind at higher speed and thereby
generates more power. Wind aerogenerator starts generating power at a cut-in speed
of 3.1 m/s.

11
The Wind-Solar Hybrid System is particularly useful where conventional power is
difficult to procure due to high costs and where power failures are frequent. It has
proved to be a boon at such places. It has different capacities ranging from 400 Watts to
10 KW . On clear sunny days, the system will produce 4 to 5 units per KW of the installed
capacity. However, it depends on the wind speed and solar radiation available at the
particular site. The approximate cost of the system is Rs.2.75 to 3.25 lakhs per KW.
MNRE provides subsidy of 50 to 75% of ex-works cost for different categories of
beneficiaries.

Total of 480 KW capacity (89 Nos.) systems are installed in Maharashtra since inception
of this programme from 1998 to 31/03/2007 and 112.975 KW capacity (29 Nos.)
systems are under installation. The beneficiaries who have installed the Wind-Solar
Hybrid System include the Govt., Semi-Govt., trusts, private institutions, academic
institutions etc. The demand for the system is on rise and it is becoming popular as an
alternate system for conventional power.

12
2) Wind energy

India is endowed with a large, viable and economically exploitable wind power
potential. According to the MNRE, India's potential is conservatively estimated at 45,195
MW. The use of wind power in India ranks fourth by worldwide comparison with an
installed capacity of 7,092 MW. In fact, the Indian government envisages a capacity
addition of 10,500 MW during the 11th Five – Year Plan period (2007-2012). India is
placed at the third position in the world in terms of new construction and this
corresponds to an overall increase of over 40% in new wind power stations. India's
largest private power company, TATA Power is setting up a 100 MW wind energy project
in India. National Thermal Power Corporation plans to install wind energy capacity of
250 MW. Hindustan Petrochemicals Company Limited and Oil and Natural Gas
Commission are foraying into the wind energy segment with wind farms of 100 - 150
MW at various sites along India's coastline. A programme entitled "Small Wind Energy
and Hybrid Systems" is developed every year for the small wind-power station segment
i.e. those with a capacity up to 30 KW and wind-powered water pumps produced in
India. During 2006-07 (validated up to 30 September 2006), indigenously produced wind
turbines valued at US$ 250 million have been exported to Australia, Brazil, China, USA
and to European countries. The export of wind turbines and components together is
likely to touch about US$ 500 million during the financial year. A vast range of attractive
incentives including fiscal concessions are offered to wind power projects by the MNRE,
Government of India.

13
Fuel cells:

The Indian wireless telecommunications market is one of explosive growth, adding

between 8 and 10 million new subscribers each month. With the expected introduction
of over 200,000 new cell towers between 2009 and 2012, telecom companies are
motivated to find replacement power sources for diesel generators due to their low
efficiency and high operating costs.

The Indian telecommunications industry is one of the fastest growing in the world and is
projected to become the second largest telecom market globally by 2010. Due to poor
grid quality at remote tower sites, an inexpensive prime power source is critical to
protect revenue and ensure subscriber uptime.

Currently, a 12 kilowatt (kW) diesel generator is used to power each cell tower site
where the grid is unreliable or non-existent. Generators are not well suited for
telecommunication applications requiring 1 kW to 6 kW of power. Plug Power’s GenSys®
fuel cell system is designed specifically for the telecom power range and offers up to
three times the efficiency of diesel generators. From April to July 2008, a GenSys fuel
cell system provided power to a TTSL cell tower site in Bijnour, Uttar Pradesh. The
GenSys system supported the complete load of the indoor cell tower site, including the
base transceiver system (BTS) equipment, air conditioning and lighting. The system
operated flawlessly, demonstrating reliability and suitability in application. Over two
hundred operating parameters of the GenSys system were continuously observed via
remote online monitoring.

14
Results Oriented:

The GenSys system ran for 2,173.3 hours and generated 6,285.8 kW-hrs of electricity
during the three month field trial. The fuel cell demonstrated the ability to operate
seemlessly through various conditions and frequent load changes. This project provided
Plug Power with important application information to enable it to deliver the best
power solution to Indian telecom customers. The following “lessons learned” have been
incorporated into Plug Power’s next generation GenSys product design.

Power output is increased from 5 kW to 6 kW to efficiently support additional site

infrastructure
Adjustment of controls allows the system to better maintain efficiency under an
extremely demanding load profile A clear understanding of the power distribution of
the site architecture allows for a simplified connect and disconnect of the GenSys
system from the cell tower equipment

Benefits:
 Significant operating cost savings compared to diesel generator
 Payback period in less than two years
 CO2 emissions are reduced by at least 85%
 CO, NOx and SOx are limited by more than 99%
 Noise is reduced at least 10 dBA

Description of Relion fuel cell system:

Fuel cell technology:

15
Fuel cells are electrochemical devices able to convert chemical energy of hydrogen and
oxygen into electrical energy without any pollutant or harmful by-product. The
fundamental element in a PEM fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell) consists
of two electrodes (a cathode and an anode) connected through a polymeric
membrane.) Gaseous hydrogen is piped to the anode side of the membrane and
ambient air is piped to the cathode side. Hydrogen atoms are stripped of their electrons
at the anode side and the positively-charged protons migrate through the membrane to
the cathode side. In order for this reaction to take place, a platinum catalyst is used on
both sides of the membrane. The hydrogen electrons pass from the anode side to the
cathode side through an exterior circuit, producing electric power along the way. At the
cathode side, the electrons, protons and oxygen from the air combine to form water,
the main fuel cell by-product.

Advantages of Relion system:

After an extensive market analysis, Telecom Italia started the project described in this
document, choosing the ReliOn fuel cell system. These units, distributed exclusively in
Italy by SGS future, were selected based on the comparison with another fuel cell
system, due to the following aspects:

Reliability: backup systems for TLC stations shall be characterized with a very high
reliability because the working life isn’t continuous, but the systems will work only in
case of grid disconnection. In case of fault in the startup of a backup solution, the TLC
energy station is quickly out of service.

Interface with energy station’s pre-existing devices: in order to make the interfacing
with pre-existing electrical devices function as easy as possible, it is fundamental that
the fuel cell system be compatible with Telecom Italia standards and that the
connection with other devices (rectifiers, battery banks) is simple to implement. During
the selection process, particular attention was dedicated to the connection of the fuel
cell system to Telecom Italia’s central alarm network.

Reduced maintenance: one of the most important characteristic of the system Telecom
Italia selected and installed was the reduced maintenance procedures of the ReliOn
system. In fact, due to the extensive number of TLC sites, great importance was placed
on this aspect of planning to minimize the maintenance scheduling and costs.

16
Specifications of the product:
physical Dimensions
Weight 146 lbs / 66 kg
Mounting 19" or 23" rack

performance Net power Continuous 1000 Watts

Current 20 or 40 A dep. on
voltage

Estimated 22,000 hours

MTBF
DC voltage 24 or 48 VDC nominal

Fuel Composition Supply Standard industrial

grade hydrogen (99.95%)

pressure 25 to 100 psig

172 to 689 KPag
1.72 bar to 6.89 bar

Consumption 7.7 slpm @ 500 Watts

15 slpm @ 1000 Watts
Operation Ambient 32°F to 115°F
Temperature 0°C to 46°C

Relative 0 - 90%
humidity
Altitude - 197 ft. to 13,800 ft.

Location Indoors or installed in

Outdoor Enclosure
Safety Compliance UL
CE
Emissions Water Max. 30mL / kWh

Noise 53 dBA @ 1 meter

17
Planning and testing phase:

Before the field testing was started, Telecom Italia and SGS future worked together to
plan all four phases of this project, which would take a total of six months.

Phase 0: After the installation of the systems into the three sites chosen by Telecom
Italia, system commissioning included several checks of the alarm systems, the
calibration of the control units, and the remote transmission of data generated from the
fuel cells.

Phase 1: The purpose of Phase 1 was to verify the behaviour of the systems. In this
phase, the fuel cells were started and stopped at different time increments until the
initial hydrogen pack (108 Nm3) installed at each site was consumed. Each site ran for
approximately 100 hours of testing during this phase.

Phase 2: After replacing the first bottle pack at each site, phase two was started. The
aim of this phase was testing the long run capabilities of the backup systems and
continued until the second hydrogen pack at each site was emptied. The results
obtained from the field testing were:
• Self-sufficiency of each fuel cell backup system in each selected site;
• Electrical efficiency of the systems;
• Definition of the thresholds of the monitoring systems

Phase 3: Specific tests were performed in order to study and monitor the systems in
comparison with typical tests performed on traditional backup solutions. The tests
performed are as follows:
1) Attainment of the nominal conditions of the systems.
2) Fast turn on/off cycles.
3) Recharge to float voltage after heavy discharge (44 VDC) of the battey packs.
4) Repeated and frequent grid disconnection and consequent turning on of the units.
5) Automatic startup procedure in case of low battery voltage.
6) Start up of the units after long inactivity (one month).
7) Tests in case of severe environmental conditions.

Phase 4: This last phase was performed after the replacement of the pre-existent
battery packs with a smaller one (150 Ah), required only for the transient start up
procedure of the fuel cells

18
Global Telecom Limited: Taking a lead in energy management solutions:

Initial Auditing and reports:

• Preliminary Energy audits conducted at select sites to study Energy spending

pattern
• Elaborate calculations made to study the energy spending pattern at Customer’s
sites
• Products identified as a part of demand side management.
• Stress on finding specific Solutions rather than generic approach
• Processes designed for supply side management
• Pilot sites selected for product trials
• Proof of concept obtained when good savings accrued at pilot sites
• An offer is given to Customer for Energy Management Contract

Contract outline offered by GTL:

 The contract is based on GTL’s understanding of operator’s consumption pattern

 A Concession is given on Customer’s benchmarked Energy costs
 Energy audits to be conducted by EM department
 GTL energy management is responsible for paying all energy expenses.
 GTL to install Energy Saving equipment at customer’s sites & get paid back from
Energy Savings alone i.e. no capex burden on customer
 Most importantly the contract is solution based & not a general one.

Energy management techniques:

• Consumption is compared with benchmarks & high consuming sites are

scrutinized in depth.
• Depending upon total DC current requirement & battery AH capacity DG on-off
schedule & no of rectifiers required is worked out
• Air con temperatures are controlled & proper optimization is obtained
• Any maintenance problems are reported to O&M for action
• Process improvements & new technologies recommended to customer
• Any suspected irregularities are immediately reported to O&M as well as
customer representative.
• Customer is recommended about Renewable energy sources possibility

19
Monitoring and follow up:

• EM auditors regularly visit the sites to monitor energy performance

• Evaluation of recommendations implementation
• Energy consumption monitoring on month on month basis
• Concentration on bad performing sites
• Product installation & EM site visits monitoring

Global products: Glocool and Glomaster making a difference

1) Glomaster: A stand alone fuel optimizer product

GLO-Master is an innovative product targeted to minimize the use of Costly DG power

and maintaining the reliability of the entire back-up system.

GLO-MASTER is an intelligent Power Source Monitor and Manager with many advanced
features. A typical Telecom Site has several sources of Power such as Electricity Board
Commercial Power (EB POWER), DG POWER, BATTERY POWER Optionally
Nonconventional Sources of Energy such a SOLAR Or WIND etc. While Monitoring and
Managing these power Sources , the GLO-Master monitors the Pattern of EB power
Availability , Battery State of Charge , History of EB Power Failure and (optional)
availability of Renewable energy . The Fuzzy logic algorithm is self learning, self
modifying and equipped with Novel Battery SOC computation technique to improve the
Battery Life by Monitoring and controlling it’s Charge-Discharge cycle . The Glo-Master
will monitor the Battery Charging/Discharging Current through a Shunt .

This Monitoring is targeted for minimizing the DG Power use and hence saving the
Diesel without sacrificing the BATTERY LIFE and Entire Reliability of the Back-Up System.
The Glo-Master is also equipped with flexibility and intelligence to optionally add
Renewable Power Sources for Battery Charging.

In addition to this Monitoring, the GLO-MASTER can directly be interfaced with GLO-
COOL to know and study the pattern of Ambient temperature and Free-Cooling Cycles.
This will enhance the ability of the GLO-MASTER to postpone or pre-pone the DG
Operation based on the Historical Data of Free-Cooling.
The GLO-MASTER has Catagorised the Telecom Sites in Various types such as,

ZONE A: EB Supply fairly ok and availability of 20 Hrs or more per 24 Hours Day
ZONE B: EB Supply availability of 16 to 20 Hrs / 24 Hrs Day
20
ZONE C: EB Supply availability of 12 to 16 Hrs / 24 Hrs Day
ZONE D: EB Supply availability of less than 8 to 12 Hrs /24 Hrs Day
ZONE E: NO EB Supply, 100 % DG Power

Depending upon the Zone in which the GLO-MASTER is operating, the Energy saving
algorithm is chosen suitable to this ZONE for optimum Performance. The GLO-MASTER
intelligently upgrades or downgrades itself in these ZONES depending upon the Recent
Power failure History.
The Battery Charging Algorithm is to enhance the Time Efficiency of DG or to Delay the
DG operation waiting for EB power to carry out the Battery Charging Task as much as
possible. To achieve this, the Battery is charged and discharged only in the maximum
absorption range and Free-Cooling Cycle history is also analyzed.

With all these features, DG working hours can be reduced by 15% to 50% depending
upon the Zone in which the controller is working and Ambient temperature pattern
(Seasonal Weather Condition).

Fuel optimizers:

In every Telecom site , the power required for Instruments is derived from 3 sources.
a) EB Supply
b) DG Supply
c) Battery Bank.

In every Telecom site , standard priority cycle is configured in AUTO Mode & as
below.SEB supply ------ BATTERY BANK ------ DG Supply.
In most of Telecom sites, observation is

a) Majority system are in Manual mode.-- This will defeat the basic concept. As the
priority cycle must be self distinguish & should be run in Auto mode.
b) Battery bank is not used scientifically – This will lower the life of Battery Bank.
c) Use DG supply maximum & SEB supply minimum – This will defeat basic purpose of
logic.

To overcome this limitations, we are offering the total solution ,which take care of all
this logic as well as improve the life of energy management devices Our Solution
includes three different packages. Every package has own target saving plan.

21
a) For stopping Manual Mode operation we suggest you to use our smart AMF
controller with advance features. This has inbuilt feature that if someone selects
Manual mode , AMF controller will internally shift to AUTO mode after 15 minutes run
of Manual Mode. Our smart AMF controller AMF 5001 will be suitable for this. So the
separate attendant appointment is not required, which cuts the cost as well as human
errors drastically.

b) For extending Battery Bank life, we are introducing Fuel Economizer. With the help of
IIT Doctorate professionals in Battery subject, we developed the specific cycle for
Charge & discharge & % levels of this charging & discharging. About 1,00,000 man hours
crucial development is behind this specific cycles, so the battery life is increased by 1.75
to 2 times. This means recurring cost of new battery bank replacement for every year
cuts down drastically.

c) For minimizing DG run hours, we suggest to use both smart AMF 5001 with Fuel
Economizer . As SEB power fails, Fuel economizer holds DG from starting sequence. And
this stage power required for equipment will be supplied by battery bank. As Battery
bank specific cycle completes, it will release the DG for start sequence. This will reduce
DG run Hours. As per past experience, it is observed that DG run hours will cut by at
least 2 Hours per day. This will save Diesel cost substantially.

BENIFITS
• Electrical energy conservation.
• Fossil fuel conservation.
• Reduction in Green House Gases emission.
• Optimization of operational cost for Telecom site

22
AMF panel

The AMF Controller is a specially designed for standby generators. It consists of state of
the art DSP based AMF logic for monitoring, indicating and controlling the Mains and
Generator for AMF operation. It can be used for any KVA capacity. A single unit
incorporates all the AMF functions. At power ON, if Mains is healthy the Mains
contactor is turned ON and load gets power from Mains. If Mains is unhealthy, the
controller starts the generator and transfers the load on the generator. If the Mains
recover, the controller switches the load back onto Mains and shuts down the generator
after cooling time. In case any fault occurs in the generator while running, the AMF
controller takes action by indicating necessary alarms and/or tripping the generator
depending on the fault. It monitors the Mains and Generator, controls the supply to
load, checks the status of generator and takes necessary action in case of fault. It has
built in 4 x 20 line back light LCD display for Monitoring, messaging status of total logic.
The design of various screens is most user friendly. Same Controller can be used for
single phase & Three Phase & for Start solenoid or Stop solenoid as per the engine
requirement. Various Timers, Over / Under limit for Voltages, Frequency & Currents can
be programmed as per field requirements. Standard by 5 CT ratio programming is
available. The updating in logic is easily possible on site.

23
A special report on PUNE visit:

Date: 10/02/2010
Time: 8:00 from DADAR

The main agenda was the get familiar with the real time work that happens and a visit
to the actual site that would enhance the understanding of actual tower sites.

1) Visit to the Global Tower Factory:

Here the main towers are manufactured by the Global Group Company named
Global Towers. It was core manufacturing where the towers are actually designed
and shaped according to the area of application. Mainly three types of towers are
used being microwave, Telecom and transmission line Towers (TLT), this and the
former one is not produced here. The raw materials undergoes various stages
and finally a prototype is made for the quality testing and mass production
purpose.

Main stages:
a. Cutting is done by pneumatic as well as hydraulic machines
b. Punching and drilling based on the thickness (above 12mm drilling is used)
c. Shearing is plate cutting by oxy flame
d. Stamping is unique identification number that has to be inscribed on the bars
for segregation according to the each tower type.
e. Bending machine provides the bend High tensile steel as well as mild steel.
f. Shaping is used for surface cutting
g. Notching can be used for proper alignment purposes to avoid overlapping of
various parts
h. Welding is used for joining two parts, base part, cable and ladder.

2) Tower site and Power Management Equipments:

The actual tower was observed along with a new Chinese model that happens to
be more efficient, can be installed in a day and other advantages over the
conventional 4 base or 3 base towers.
The main power shelter unit was explained in detail by the person in charge for
energy management. GLOCOOL and GLOMASTER being the main components
along with GLOSUN.
GLOCOOL: It was a device with integrated chip and microcontroller that worked
on the logic of considering the outside temperature and based upon that it would
24
 decide the ambient conditions for the BTS to work. If the outside temperature is
equivalent to the ambient temperature required it would cut off the AC
operation till that, thereby saving on power consumption. Meanwhile the vents
are opened up and the hot air emissions are removed by exhausts.

GLOMASTER: An intelligent device that makes sure the most profitable source of
energy is used and gives priority accordingly. When solar energy is available it is
preferred, otherwise electricity (EB) is preferred over diesel generator as the cost
per hour(CPH) is much lesser. An added advantage of glomaster being that if it
senses s presence of battery back up in absence of electricity it waits till the
battery gets consumed and only then the diesel generator is started.

GLOSUN: It consists of solar power systems and the solar energy is converted to
electrical (DC to AC) thereby cutting the operational costs significantly Presently
GTL has not entered the marketing of these devices and only provides as a
service and thereby reduces its contract based services and compensates a fixed
amount to the customer also. This can be extended to a separate production of
energy management devices with a full fledged marketing campaign.

3) Proserve Global:

This department is a part of global group and its clients are of diverse business
fields right from health, life sciences, financial, asset management and telecom.
GTL and GIL being its main customers. The three sub divisions of the company
were as follows. The tour was taken by Mr Kedar.

a. Purchase order and site implementation management: This is tracking service

mainly aimed to detect the delays and act upon them as soon as possible.
They also procure the ESAR( completion certificates) and company approval
regarding the quality of the installation. Only after these valid documents the
INVOICE can be generated for payment from the OEM’s. End to end
installation is tracked along with various parameters and milestones with
organized dates and details of the engineers involved in the process. The
software was used by various employees and follows abstraction and data
hiding concepts. Can be accessed as well as updated during real time
applications and is therefore very handy. Proper access and authorization can
be provided by their respective project heads and rights/privileges can be
invoked and revoked as and when required. The database information is
stored in the servers.

25
 b. Document management: In the implementation of tower sites approximately
76 documents are needed before the sites can be rolled out or go into full
fledged operation. These documents are scanned and then uploaded online
so that it can be accessed through remote areas and there is no need to carry
bulky original documents all the time. Original documents can be printed
simultaneously at two sites on demand.

c. Energy consumption data: Entire bill management is done in order to prevent

the cancellation of electricity connection which in turns prevents
consumption of diesel thereby reducing the CPH. All the disputes and follow
ups regarding bills are managed by this department. Installation of all the
energy saving devices is tracked and pending issues are tried to be resolved as
soon as possible. There is no specific software as of now but the process is still
ongoing to make it more organized.

4) Network Operation Centre:

Networks operating centre can be described as a heart of any service provider

company where the troubleshooting of non-operational lines, line down
problems and all other miscellaneous problems are addressed. It is supposed to
be a 365*24*7 service because no network can be afforded to be down at any
point of time. A specific amount of time is provided by the operator to solve the
problem some problems with fixed optical cables can be stretched for as long as
5 days. Even last mile problem issues are addressed here
Various parameters are continuously monitored and they are supposed to be
maintained above a particular threshold value.

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References:

 Wikipedia
 Fuel cell websites
 Indian government websites
 TRAI survey
 Global telecom brochure
 Global telecom presentation
 Idatech , Ballard, Plugpower websites
 AMF panel catalogue

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